译林牛津英语初三新知识点复习巩固 9页

同步知识梳理 (9AU2)‎ 知识点1：重点句型和短语 1. There’s nothing wrong with 没问题，没毛病 ‎ ‎ = There isn’t anything wrong with = Nothing is wrong with ‎2. Sth looks good/nice on sb 某物穿在某人身上好看 sb looks good in + 颜色/衣服 某人穿什么颜色的衣服好看 ‎3. Do you know how many colours there are in a rainbow ?你知道彩虹有多少颜色吗？‎ ‎4. influence our moods 影响我们的心情 have an influence on 对……有影响 ‎5. make us feel happy 使我们感到高兴 （make sb do sth 使某人做某事；注意被动形式）‎ ‎6. feel sleepy 感到困倦 ‎ ‎ -- go to sleep 去睡觉 ‎ --fall asleep (短暂性)入睡 be asleep (延续性)睡着的 a sleeping boy 一个正在睡觉的男孩 ‎7. be good/ bad for 对……有好处/ 坏处 be good to 对……亲切 be good at 擅长于……‎ ‎8. feel relaxed （人）感到放松 --- relaxing films 令人放松的电影 ‎9. be painted blue 被漆成蓝色 （主动语态为 paint sth + 颜色 把某物漆成……颜色）‎ ‎10. bring peace to our mind and body 给我们的大脑和身体带来平静 ‎11. represent sadness = stand for sadness代表伤心 ‎12. feel blue/sad 感到悲伤/难过 ‎13. on one's wedding day在某人婚礼的那天 ‎14. prefer = like better 宁愿,更喜欢（过去式、过去分词preferred）‎ ‎ prefer sth / doing sth / to do sth ‎ ‎ prefer sb. (not) to do sth.宁愿某人（不）做某事 ‎ prefer sth to sth 宁愿喜欢……而不愿喜欢……‎ ‎ prefer to do sth rather than do sth = prefer doing sth to doing sth宁愿做事情而不愿做事情 ‎15. create a warm and comfortable feeling 创造一种温暖而舒服的感觉 ‎16. cheer sb. up (代词放中间)=make sb happy 使某人高兴起来，某人振作起来 ‎17. remind sb. of sth.使某人想起某事,提醒某人某事= cause/help sb to remember sth ‎ ‎ remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事 ‎18. hope for success 希望成功 ‎19. require strength in either body or mind 在身体或精神上需要力量 ‎ require sb to do sth = ask sb to do sth 要求某人做某事 ‎ (sth) require/need doing = require/need to be done 需要被做 (主动形式表示被动意义）‎ 20. make / find/ think/ feel + it 形式宾语+ （for sb）+ to do sth ‎ ‎（对某人来说）使/发现/认为/觉得做某事怎么样 I find it hard to learn English well 我发现学好英语是困难的 ‎21. have difficulty (in) doing sth.=have difficulty with sth.做某事有困难 (difficulty不可数 用法类似的有：trouble/ problems)‎ ‎22. make a decision 决定 make a decision to do sth= make up one’s mind(s) to do sth= decide to do sth决定做…‎ 知识点2：重点讲解：‎ ‎1. I’d rather wear blue than pink. 我宁愿穿蓝色也不愿穿粉红色。‎ would rather… than… 表示“宁愿…而不愿…”，“更愿意…”；rather后跟动词原形。‎ 否定式时，not要放在would rather之后。如：‎ e.g. He’d rather stay at home than go out on such a rainy day.‎ He would rather not go to the party. 他宁可不去参加聚会。‎ ‎ do sth 宁愿做某事 ‎ ‎ not do sth 宁愿不做某事 would rather do A than do B 宁愿做动作A不愿动作B ‎ do sth A than sth B 宁愿做A事不愿做B事 I would rather stay at home at night.‎ I would rather not sit here.‎ She would rather go out than stay at home on Sunday.‎ I would rather have juice than water.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2. There’s nothing wrong with pink, you know. 你是知道的，粉红色本身没有错。‎ nothing 是不定代词，它通常放在所修饰的形容词之前。类似的不定代词还有something/somebody; anything/anybody; nobody/nothing/no one 等。‎ There is nothing/ something wrong with sb./ sth. 表示某人/某个东西没出/出了毛病。‎ e.g. There is something wrong with my watch It doesn’t work.‎ ‎3. Colours can change our moods and make us feel happy or sad, energetic or sleepy.‎ 颜色会改变我们的情绪，让我们感到高兴或悲伤，充满活力或昏昏欲睡。‎ make sb. do sth. “使得某人做某事”，后接宾语和宾语补足语。‎ e.g. The news made her very sad.‎ ‎4. Wearing blue clothes or sleeping in a blue room is good for the mind and body because this colour creates the feeling of harmony. 穿蓝色的衣服或睡在一间蓝色的房间里对我们的身体和头脑都有好处，因为这个颜色创造出和谐的感觉。‎ be good for … “对…有利”e.g. Taking a walk after supper is good for our health.‎ ‎ 它的反义词是 be bad for ‎ ‎ wearing是wear的动名词形式，因为它在句中做主语，所以要加ing e.g. Reading in bed is bad for your eyes.‎ ‎5. I am feeling blue. 我感到伤心。‎ 英语中一些表示颜色的词常常会有另外的喻义。‎ e.g. a green hand 生手 He is yellow. 他懦弱 a white lie 一个善意的谎言 ‎6. People who live in cold climates prefer to use warm colours to give their homes a warm and comfortable feel. 生活在寒冷气候下的人们更愿意使用暖色给他们的家带来温暖、舒适的感觉。‎ prefer “更喜欢”，后可跟名词、代词，也可跟动词不定式或动名词。‎ (1) prefer to do sth 意为“更喜欢做某事”。如：‎ I prefer to stay at home ‎(2) prefer to do sth rather than do sth 意为“宁愿做------- 而不愿做-------‎ She prefers to play outside rather than stay at home .‎ ‎(3) prefer doing sth to doing sth --- 意为“比起做------更喜欢做------”。‎ Boys prefer playing football to playing badminton .‎ ‎(4) prefer sth to sth 意为“比起-----更喜欢某物”。I prefer cakes to rice ‎ ‎7. Yellow is the colour of sun, so it can remind you of a warm, sunny day.黄色是太阳的颜色，所以它能使你想起温暖、晴朗的日子。‎ remind sb of sth/ sb. “使某人想起某事/某人”‎ e.g. He reminds me of my brother.‎ ‎8. This can help when you are having difficulty making a decision. 当你难以作出决定的时候，它会帮助你。‎ make a decision “做决定”‎ have difficulty doing sth. “做某事有困难”‎ e.g. They had some difficulties getting on the bus yesterday.‎ ‎9. They can change our moods and make us feel happy or sad, energetic or sleepy.‎ 它们能改变我们的心情使我们感到快乐或悲伤，精力旺盛或无精打采。‎ ‎ ★asleep是形容词，表示一种状态，在句子中都可作表语，一般不能放在被修饰名词前作定语，意为“睡着的，入睡的”。如：‎ ‎① He was very tired and soon fell asleep. 他很疲劳，不久就睡着了。‎ ‎② He seems to be fast asleep. 他似乎睡得很香。‎ ‎ ★sleepy用作形容词，意为“欲睡的”“困乏的”，在句子中可作定语，修饰名词。如：‎ ‎① I shall go to bed because I am so sleepy. 我要睡觉了，因为我很困。‎ ‎② I am too sleepy to watch the end of the film. 我太困了，以致于没看完这部影片。‎ ‎ ★sleep是动词或名词，意思是“睡觉”。如：‎ ‎① I had a sound sleep last night. 昨晚我睡得很香。‎ ‎② He was very tired and soon he got to sleep. 他很疲劳，不久就睡着了。‎ ‎【注】动名词sleeping可用作定语。如：‎ ‎　　　sleeping bags 睡袋 sleeping cars 卧车 ‎ ★get to sleep / go to sleep意为“睡着”“入睡”。如：‎ ‎① I couldn’t get to sleep because I was too excited. 我不能入睡，因为我太激动。‎ ‎② She can’t get to sleep because of the noise outside. 我睡不着觉,因为外面的噪声太大。‎ ‎10. We promise you success,or you will get your money back!‎ Promise 在文中作及物动词使用，表示“允诺；承诺”的意思。常用于下面几种结构：‎ ‎（1）promise sb sth / promise sth to sb 答应/许诺某人某事，promise后接双宾语。‎ Eg;I promise my mother success in the exam. I can’t fail it.我向妈妈承诺过考试要成功，我不能失败。‎ I promised you to come back before suppper.我答应你在晚饭之前回来。‎ ‎(2) promise to do sth 承诺将会做某事 He has promised to behave better henceforth.他答应从今以后要表现的好些。‎ ‎(3) promise (sb) that 许诺说 Eg : She promised her brother that she would write to him. 她答应弟弟将给他写信。‎ ‎(4) promise 还可以做名词，常见的短语有：‎ make a promise 许诺 Keep/ break one’s promise 信守/违背诺言 ‎11. She advises people what colour to wear.‎ advise sb to do sth建议某人做某事,不等式to do做宾语补足语，注意此结构的被动语态be advised to do. Advise doing sth意为“建议做某事”‎ I advise them to stay here.我建议他们呆在这儿。[来源:Zxxk.Com]‎ He advised the old man not to go by himself.他建议这位老人不要自己去。‎ My mother advised going to Hainan for our holiday.我妈妈建议去海南度假。‎ ★ advise的名词形式为advice，是不可数名词。‎ 如：a piece of advice一条建议. some advice.‎ ★ 常用短语有：‎ give sb some advice on …..在某方面给某人一些建议 ask sb for advice on…..请求某人在某方面给出建议 take/follow sb’s advice采纳/接受某人的建议 ‎12. I found it a bit strange, but I can’t say why.我发现它有点奇怪，但我说不出为什么？‎ find it a bit strange, 动词+宾语+宾语补足语结构 也可用 find it’s a bit strange 动词+宾语从句的结构 a bit + adj.=a little +adj. 有点… …‎ e.g.I found him a bit sad just now. 我刚才发现他有点难过。‎ ‎13. He does look like Mr. Wu. 他看上去真的像吴老师。‎ does look like 中的does 起强调作用。“真的很像”的意思。‎ e.g.He did go to Shanghai yesterday. 他昨天真的去上海了 同步题型分析 例1: Alan wears a pair of red sports shoes to make himself look more __________. (power) 解析：look 系动词 后加形容词作表语 答案：powerful ‎ 例2：Wearing red cam help you make a ____________(decide).‎ 解析：考查固定动词短语 make a decision “做出一个决定”‎ 答案：decision ‎ 例3：Simon prefers _________TV at home rather than_________ to the park．‎ ‎ A．watch；go B．watching；going C．to watch；to go D．to watch；go 解析：考察句型 prefer to doArather than do B“相对于B，更喜欢做A”‎ 答案：D 例4：He’d rather_________vegetables than_________meat for lunch．‎ ‎ A．eat；having B．having；eat C．eat；have D．eats；has 解析：考察句型 would rather do A than do B “宁愿做A，而不愿做B”‎ 答案：C ‎ ‎ 例5：The old photos_________them_________the old days when they were young．‎ ‎ A．let；to B．make；for C．take；of D．remind；of 解析：考察句型remind sb. of sth “使某人想起某物”‎ 答案： D ‎ 例6：He has some _________the maths problem．‎ A. difficulty to work on B. difficulty to work out C. difficulties in working on D. difficulty in working out 解析：考察句型 have difficulty/trouble/problems (in) doing sth “做某事遇到了困难”词组 work out “计算出；解决（困难）；制定出、想出”。‎ 答案：D 课堂达标检测 检测题1：用所给词的适当形式填空 检测题2：根据句意及中英文提示完成单词。‎ ‎1.Playing too many computer games has a bad ________(影响) on teenagers.‎ ‎2.He said he _______ (更喜欢) English to Maths.‎ ‎3.I hope Beijing Music Awards will be a big ___________(成功).‎ ‎4.You should wear white if you are feeling ____________(感到压力的).‎ ‎5.We are _________(成功) in completing the hard work than they are.‎ ‎6.This toy is not ________(适合的) for young children.‎ ‎7.Do you know the relationship between colours and (心情)？‎ ‎8.Thank you for ________(remind)me of the meeting.‎ ‎9.Let's share your _________(sad),please cheer up.‎ ‎10.He is _____ ( energy) enough to be a new chairperson.‎ ‎11.If you need physical ___________ (strong), you should wear red clothes.‎ ‎12. Tom didn’t go to bed until midnight yesterday. He feels very______(sleep)at the moment.‎ ‎13. The boy is very lazy and his parents feel very______(worry)about him.‎ ‎14. Mary _____(prefer)milk to coffee when she was young.‎ ‎15. After taking the driving test, the man feels_________(relax).‎ ‎16. The Chinese people have lots of______(wise)and create many wonders.‎ 检测题2：句型转换 ‎1 .There isn’t anyone in the dining room now.（改为同义句）‎ There in the dining room now.[来源:Zxxk.Com]‎ ‎2. Mrs Brown is so old that she could do nothing.（改为同义句）‎ Mrs Brown is old to do .‎ ‎3.There is something wrong with your watch.(改为否定句)‎ There is _______ ________with your watch.‎ ‎4. I don’t know how I can spell the new words.（改为同义句）‎ I don’t know the new words.‎ ‎5.Jane went to Beijing to visit the Forbidden City.(对画线部分提问)‎ ‎_______ ________Jane_________to Beijing?‎ 答案：‎ ‎1.influence 2.preferred 3.success 4.stressed 5.successful 6.suitable 7.moods 8.reminding 9.sadness 10.energetic 11. strength 12. sleepy 13. worried 14.preferred 15. relaxed 16.wisdom ‎ 答案：1. is nobody 2. too,anything 3.nothing wrong 4.how to spell 5.Why did,go 一.专题精讲 ‎ ‎1．并列连词 ‎(1). 具有引申意义的并列连词 and (和), as well as(和)，both……and(既……又……)，‎ neither…nor（既不……又不），not only……but also（不但……而且）‎ ‎ We're here anyway, and that's lucky．我们总算到了，运气还不错。‎ ‎ Air, as well as water, is needed to make plants grow．空气和水一样是植物生长所必须的。‎ ‎ The room is both clean and bright．那房间既干净又明亮。（连接两个形容词）‎ ‎ Neither Tom nor the twins like to play football．汤姆和那对双胞胎都不喜欢踢足球。‎ ‎ She is not only a teacher but also a writer．她不但是个老师，而且还是个作家。‎ ‎ [注意]用“neither…or…”，“not only…but also…”连接主语时，谓语动词要遵循就近原则，与最靠近谓语动词的部分（亦即nor/ but also后面的部分）的单复数一致。‎ ‎ Neither you nor I，nor anybody else knows the answer. 无论是你、是我，还是任何别的人都不知道答案。‎ ‎ Not only he but also you are wrong．不但是他，连你也错了。‎ ‎(2). 具有转折意义的并列连词 but(但是)，however（然而），still（但是），while(而)，yet(但是)‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ There will still be difficulties, but we can manage．困难仍然会有，但是我们可以设法解决。‎ ‎ I was reading English while he was watching TV．我在读英语而他在看电视。‎ ‎ He failed again, still he didn't lose heart．他又失败了，但是他并不灰心。‎ ‎ He is always polite to me, and yet I don't like him．他总是对我很礼貌，但我仍不喜欢他。‎ ‎(3). 具有选择意义的并列连词 ‎ ‎ or(或者；否则)，either…or(不是A就是B)，otherwise (否则)‎ ‎ The sea can be blue or green or grey．海有时候会是蓝色，或者绿色，或者灰色。‎ ‎ Do you want to have a bath at once or shall I have mine first? 你想马上洗个澡，或是让我先来洗？‎ ‎ Hurry or you will miss the train．赶快，否则你赶不上火车了。‎ ‎ You can either watch TV or play computer games．你可以看电视或者玩电子游戏。‎ ‎ [注意]用“either…or…”连接主语时，谓语动词要遵循就近原则，与最靠近谓语动词的部分（亦即or后面的部分）的单复数一致。‎ ‎ Either Tom or his two brothers have to clean the house．不是汤姆，就是他的两个兄弟必须打扫房子。‎ ‎(4). 具有因果意义的并列连词 ‎ ‎ ‎ for (因为), so (因此)，thus(这样)‎ ‎ He shook his head, for he thought differently．他摇摇头，因为他想得不一样。‎ ‎ The days were short, for it was now December．白天的时间短了，因为现在是十二月。‎ ‎ The play began at eight, so we must have dinner at seven．戏8点开演，因此我们必须7点吃饭。‎ He studies hard, thus he got high marks. 他学习努力，所以得了高分。‎ ‎2．从属连词 ‎(1) 引导宾语从句的从属连词分别由连接代词that，who( m)，what，which，whose等，或连接副词if／whether，when，where，why，how等充当。‎ ‎(2) 引导状语从句的从属连词 引导状语从句的从属连词可表示下列关系：‎ 时间when, while, until, before, after, as soon as, since 原因because, since, now that, as 条件if, whether 让步though, although 结果so…that, such…that 目的so that, in order that 比较than, as…as, not so/as…as 二、专题过关 ‎【例l】________ John failed to climb to the top of the mountain several times, he didn’t give up．‎ A. Although B. Because C. Whether D. Unless ‎【解析】本题答案是A。根据主从句的句意：虽然John几次都未能爬到山顶，但他没有放弃。这是although引导的让步状语从句，所以选A。‎ ‎【例2】Keep an English diary，________ your English will improve. ‎ A. or B. since C. when D. and ‎【解析】本题答案是D。本句的知识点：祈使句，and/ then/or +一般将来时的简单句。其中“or”解释为“否则”，“and/then”解释为“然后”，根据句意选择D。‎ ‎【例3】We should leave early tomorrow morning，________ we won't get there on time.‎ A. so B. but C. or D. and ‎【解析】答案是C。连词or在句中表示“否则，不然”，转折所导致的结果；so表示结果；前后对应，and是并列关系的连词；but表示转折与上文相反。‎ ‎【例4】Bill won't make any progress ________ he studies harder than before. ‎ A. so B. when C. because D. unless ‎【解析】答案是D。根据句意结果是不会取得进步，四个选项的关系so所以，表示结果；when当……时候，表示时间；because因为；unless如果不，除非，表示条件。‎ ‎【例5】________ Tom ________ Mary is busy at the moment. You'd better play with others．‎ A. Both; and B. Not only; but also C. Neither; nor D. Either; or ‎【解析】本题答案是B。首先根据动词is busy单数形式可排除A选项动词用复数。根据下文意思分析，此刻两个人都很忙，不能和你玩。而C选项是否定意义，两个人都不忙，D选项表示两个人中有一个人忙，可以和你玩。这是极容易错的典型题。‎ ‎【例6】The cyclist held his raincoat tightly ________ the wind couldn't blow it away. ‎ A. so B. so that C. when D. because ‎【解析】本题答案是B。首先要考虑上下文的关系，不是因果关系，所以排除A和D。紧紧抓住雨衣目的是为了防止刮走，而C是表示时间的连词。‎ ‎【例7】Peter was late for the meeting ________ he missed the ferry. ‎ A. though B. because C. while D. if ‎【解析】答案是B。本句上下文是因果关系，上句是结果，下句表示原因，故用because。四个选项都是引导状语从句的从属连词而不是并列连词。though是转折关系的从属连词；while用来表示转折关系；if表示假设的条件，不符合句意。‎ ‎【例8】 Which would you like to buy，a DVD player ________ an MP3 player? ‎ A. so B. or C. but D．and ‎【解析】答案是B。本句是选择疑问句，是“特殊疑问句，A or B?”结构。提供两种情况，询问对方选择哪一种。‎ ‎【例9】Mr. Li is our teacher and friend as well.（保持句意基本不变）‎ Mr. Li is ________ only our teacher ________ also our friend. ‎ ‎【解析】答案是not only…but also。根据句意，as well是“也是”的意思，而not only．．．but also是固定词组，表示“不仅……而且”，与句意吻合。‎ 三、学法提炼 ‎1. 专题特定：连词是选择，完形中常考。熟练地连词使用，对写作也有提升。‎ ‎2. 解题方法：连词看似简单实则易错。特别要提醒同学注意的是必须掌握每个连词的用法，认真仔细地思考、分析和判断，这样才能从四个选项中通过排除三个错误的选项选出正确答案。杜绝有些同学没有经过完整的思考，题目只读到一半的时候就填写答案。‎ ‎3. 注意事项：注意使用连词后，哪些谓语动词用单数，哪些用复数。‎ 课后作业 作业1：整理错题 作业2：单项选择 ‎1. The railway station used to be ________ large ________ modern.‎ A. either; or B. neither; nor C. both; and D. not only; but also ‎2.He ran ________ quickly ________ we couldn't catch up with him.‎ A. so; but B. such; that C. so; that D. such; and ‎3.The man is old. He works like a young man, ________.‎ A. but B. however C. still D. yet ‎4.Listen carefully, ________you'll miss the important points.‎ A. and B. or C. but D. so ‎5.I found a little boy running after me, ________ I stop ped.‎ A. because B. so C. when D. and ‎6.Man could not fly ________ the Wright brothers built the first plane.‎ A. before B. after C. because D. in order that ‎7.I asked him ________ he hadn't passed the driving test.‎ A. for B. if C. that D. why ‎8.I wonder ________ they managed to do the job in such a short time.‎ A. when B. how long C. how D. what ‎9.I would like to go swimming, ________ he won't.‎ A. and B. for C. but D. nor ‎10. ________ you understand this rule, you won't have any trouble in doing these exercises.‎ A. While B. Because C. Until D. Whether