2019届高考完形填空解读课件（115张） 115页

2019 届高 考完形填空 考情表解 我们研究 2008 年以来的新课标卷，其中 2013 年开始分新课标卷 I 和卷 II ，我们只研究卷 I ，考题情况如下表所示： 年 份 类 别 2015 短文 材料 长度 ( 词 ) 257 体裁 记叙文 题材 助人 选项 特点 词 类 名词 √ 动词 √ 形容词 √ 副词 √ 关联词 无 短语 1 题 从句连词 无 语法形式 相同 正确选项分布 5555 年 份 类 别 2014 2013 2012 2011 短文 材料 长度 ( 词 ) 238 246 220 238 体裁 议论文 记叙文 说明文 记叙文 题材 久生厌 经历 身势语 经历 选 项 特 点 词 类 名词 √ √ √ √ 动词 √ √ √ √ 形容词 √ √ √ √ 副词 √ √ √ √ 关联词 无 无 1 题 无 短语 无 无 2 题 2 题 从句连词 无 无 无 无 语法形式 1 个例外 相同 1 个例外 相同 正确选项分布 5645 5555 5555 5555 年 份 类 别 2010 2009 2008 短文 材料 长度 ( 词 ) 271 269 260 体裁 记叙文 说明文 记叙文 题材 经历 书来历 经历 选 项 特 点 词 类 名词 √ √ √ 动词 √ √ √ 形容词 √ √ √ 副词 √ √ √ 关联词 无 2 题 1 题 短语 3 题 1 题 1 题 从句连词 1 题例外 无 无 语法形式 相同 相同 相同 正确选项分布 5555 5555 5546 注：对上表中的几点说明。 1. 关联词： 本表中的“关联词”不包括从句的连词，仅指在上下文中起衔接作用的 however, thus, therefore, besides, finally, for example, in short, on the other hand 等副词或介词短语。 2008 年以来考了这类关联词的有： 2012——for example 2009——However, Thus 2008——However 2. 短语： 上表中的“短语”是指正确选项是短语。 2008 年以来考过的，正确答案是短语的有： 2012——backing away( 后退 ), on the other hand 2011——listening to, marched into 2010——no longer, turn up, looking at 2008——on fire 3. 语法形式： 本表中的“语法形式”是指 —— 如果四个选项是名词，四个选项要么都是单数，要么都是复数；如果四个选项都是形容词或副词，要么都是原级，要么都是比较级，要么都是最高级；如果四个选项是动词，要么都是原形，要么都是过去式或过去分词，要么都是 -ing 形式。自 2008 年以来的新课标卷中出现两题语法形式不同的小题： 2014 ——17. A. time B. money C. skills D. knowledge 2012 ——13. A. closer B. faster C. in D. Away 4. 正确选项分布： 指正确答案中 A, B, C, D 的个数。其分布通常是均等的。 命题特点 1. 材料特点： 是长度大约 250 个词的记叙文、说明文或议论文，题材内容是传播知识，传递正能量，可读性较强。 2. 唯一考点： 要求考生根据上下文信息选出意义符合语境的词，即只考语篇意义之间的衔接或语篇意义的完整，确保上下文语义贯通。 3. 不考点： 都不考单纯的语法，不考固定搭配，不考同义词辨析。 4. 设空词： 2013 年和 2014 年，都只有名词、动词、形容词、副词。其他年份有 1 ～ 2 题中有短语，或有关联词。从句连词一般不考查，但 2010 年和 2015 年各有 1 小题。 5. 不设空： 代词、介词、限定词、从句连词 (2010 年和 2015 年除外 ) 不设空。 6. 四选项： 通常为同一词类且为同一语法形式，但 2014 和 2012 年各有一个小题例外。 7. 选项分布： 均等或基本均等。七年来只有 2008 和 2014 年不是完全均等。 与原广东卷相比，考点考法均基本相同，细微差异有： 1. 长度差异： 全国卷在 250 词左右；广东卷在 300 词左右。 2. 体裁差异： 全国卷有记叙文；广东卷没有纯记叙文。 3. 选项差异： 全国卷中 2012 年及之前有短语或偶尔有从句连词，而广东卷没有。 显然，考点考法是基本相同的，原广东卷的完形填空练习材料虽然少了 5 空，但还是可以用来练习的。 备考指南 1. 教师： 选择符合上述特点的练习材料给学生练习，效果会更好。教师原创完形填空时，也应考虑上述特点。 有时可设一两道短语或语篇关联词，因为这与单个单词一样，也是考查语篇意义的衔接，今后考查是完全有可能的，虽然 2014 和 2013 年没有考查，但并不代表以后不再考查。但从句连词考的可能性不大了，因为有了考查这一考点的短文改错与语法填空了。 2. 学生： 坚持阅读。 在阅读中重视语篇意义，消化其中的“生词”，扩大自己的词汇量，因为完形离不开对语篇意义的理解，对语篇意义的理解离不开词汇，如有过多的生词，就无法理解，也影响阅读的兴趣。词汇是基础的基础，要时刻牢记。 (2) 适量练习。 本书为同学们每周准备了两篇完形填空练习，要认真对待，好好利用。每个小题在上下文中都可以找到选择正确答案的依据，请在做题的过程中思考，每个小题是根据上下文中什么信息做出来的。 解题指导 1. 略读短文，理解大意 因不考单个词的用法，只考语篇意义，所以在解题前，用略读的方法，跳过空格抓大意就非常重要。 2. 瞻前顾后，试填答案 根据空格前后的信息，找到答案的依据，试着填写答案。建议直接将答案词填入空格，以便检查。注意先易后难，先做有把握的题，遇到一时填不出答案的或者没有把握的，可暂时留着不填。 3. 通读全文，解决难题 结合已填答案，通读全文，根据上下文要语义衔接、上下贯通的原则，着重解决上一步留下的难题。如有时间，还可再次复查，以免出错。 真题再练 完形填空阅读下面短文 , 从短文后各题所给的四个选项（ A 、 B 、 C 和 D ）中 , 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 , 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 1. 2015 课标卷 I My kids and I were heading into the supermarket over the weekend. On the way, we spotted a man holding a piece of paper that said, “ 41 my job. Family to Feed. ” At this store, a 42 like this is not normal. 41. A. Lost B. Changed C. Quit D. Finished 42. A. condition B. place C. sight D. show √ √ My 10-year-old noticed him and made a 43 on how bad it must be to have to stand 44 in the cold wind. In the store, I asked each of my kids to 45 something they thought our “friend” there would 46 . 43. A. suggestion B. comment C. decision D. call 44. A. outside B. proudly C. by D. angrily 45. A. draw B. say C. arrange D. pick 46. A. order B. supply C. appreciate D. discover √ √ √ √ They got apples, a sandwich and a bottle of juice. Then my 17-year-old suggested giving him a 47 . I thought about it. We were 48 on cash ourselves, but… well, sometimes 49 from our need instead of our abundance is 50 what we need to do! 47. A. dollar B. job C. hot meal D. gift card 48. A. easy B. low C. soft D. loose 49. A. giving B. saving C. spending D. begging 50. A. yet B. even C. still D. just √ √ √ √ All the kids 51 something they could do away with for the week. When we handed him the bag of 52 , he lit up and thanked us with 53 eyes. 51. A. declared B. shared C. ignored D. expected 52. A. toys B. medicine C. food D. clothes 53. A. sleepy B. watery C. curious D. sharp √ √ √ When I handed him the gift card, saying he could use it for 54 his family might need, he burst into tears. This has been a wonderful 55 for our family. For days the kids have been looking for others we can 56 ! 54. A. whoever B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 55. A. experience B. example C. message D. adventure 56. A. rely on B. respect C. learn from D. help √ √ √ Things would have played out so 57 if I had simply said, “No, we really don’t have 58 to give more. ” 57. A. suddenly B. vividly C. differently D. perfectly 58. A. time B. power C. patience D. money √ √ Stepping out not only helped a brother in 59 , it also gave my kids the 60 taste of helping others. It’ll go a long way with them. 59. A. fear B. love C. need D. memory 60. A. strong B. sweet C. strange D. simple √ √ 作者周末带着几个孩子去超市购物 , 在去的路上 , 他们遇到一个乞讨者 , 这个乞讨者失去了工作 , 但还有一家人要养活。孩子们一起行动起来 , 共同帮助这位乞讨者。 41. A 根据后句 Family to Feed 及下文可知 , 他丢掉了工作 , 处于失业状态 , 需要外界帮助来养家糊口 , 故选 lost 。 42. C 句意是，在这个商店里 , 像这样的情景（ sight ）是不正常的 , 所以我十岁的孩子注意到了他。 43. B 根据后面 how bad it must be… 可知 , 这个十岁的孩子是对这个人的行为作出了评论 (make a comment on 对 …… 作出评论 ) 。 44. A 由 in the cold wind 可推测这个乞讨者应是站在外面（ stand outside ）。 45. D 根据下文 When we handed him the bag of… ( 当我们递给他一包 … 时）可知 , 此处说的是我要求每个孩子挑选出（ pick ）一样东西送给他。 46. C 孩子们挑选出那边的那位“朋友”会喜欢的礼物 , 故选 C （ appreciate ）。 47. D 据 54 题前面的 gift card （礼品卡）可知选 D 项（ gift card ）。属原词复现。 48. B 据上句的意思“我（对送其礼品卡这件事情）考虑了一下”可知 , 作者考虑到了他们碰到的不太好的情况“我们本身带的现金不足（ low on cash, 即手头拮据）”。 49. A 根据 47 空前的 giving 与语境可知 , 此处表达“把我们需要的 , 而不是富足的东西给别人 , 这正是我们需要做的” , 故选 giving 。 50. D 用“ just （正是 , 恰是）”能够体现出作者此处的情感 , 即：突出强调“就是需要这样做”。 51. A 因孩子们都给那个人选了礼物 , 所以他们宣布（ declare ）这周他们放弃某些东西。其中 do away with 意为“摆脱 , 舍弃”。 52. C 结合上文 They got apples, a sandwich and a bottle of juice. 可知孩子们给那个人的是食物（ food ）。 53. B 根据后文的 he burst into tears 可知 , 看到食物 , 那个人眼睛湿润（ watery ）了。 54. B 意思是“用于买他的家庭可能需要的任何东西 (whatever)” 。 55. A 据全文叙述的这件事情的经过以及后文的 it also gave my kids the 60 taste of helping others 可知 , 这件事对作者一家来说也是一次不错的经历（ experience ）。 56. D 由于孩子们从帮助别人的经历中得到了快乐 , 所以几天来他们一直在寻找可以帮助（ help ）的人。 57. C 根据语境可知 , 如果作者当时没有帮助那个乞讨者 , 结果会是完全不同的，故选 differently 。 58. D 这是作者的假设 , 如果当时作者说他们没有钱（ money ）提供更多的帮助 , 那么现在会是另外一种局面。 59. C 作者帮助了需要帮助的（ in need ）人。 60. B 帮助别人给孩子们带来了快乐甜蜜的滋味 , 故选 sweet, 而且该词与后面的 taste 搭配体现了这篇文章的中心思想 —— 帮助别人 , 快乐自己。 2. 2015 课标卷 II Where do you go when you want to learn something? School? A friend? A tutor? These are all 41 places of learning. But it may well be that the learning you really want 42 somewhere else instead. 41. A. public B. traditional C. official D. special 42. A. passes B. works C. lies D. ends √ √ I had the 43 of seeing this first hand on a 44 . My daughter plays on a recreational soccer team. They did very well this season and so 45 a tournament, which normally was only for more skilled club teams. 43. A. dream B. idea C. habit D. chance 44. A. trip B. holiday C. weekend D. square 45. A. won B. entered C. organized D. watched √ √ √ This led to some 46 experiences on Saturday as they played against teams 47 trained. Through the first two games, her 48 did not get one serious shot on goal. 46. A. painful B. strange C. common D. practical 47. A. less B. poorly C. newly D. better 48. A. fans B. tutors C. class D. team √ √ √ As a parent, I 49 seeing my daughter playing her best, 50 still defeated. It seemed that something clicked with the 51 between Saturday and Sunday. 49. A. imagined B. hated C. avoided D. missed 50. A. if B. or C. but D. as 51. A. girls B. parents C. coaches D. viewers √ √ √ When they 52 for their Sunday game, they were 53 different. They had begun to integrate ( 融合 ) the kinds of play and teamwork they had 54 the day before into their 55 . 52. A. dressed B. showed up C. made up D. planned 53. A. slightly B. hardly C. basically D. completely 54. A. seen B. known C. heard D. read 55. A. styles B. training C. game D. rules √ √ √ √ They played aggressively and 56 scored a goal. It 57 me that playing against the other team was a great 58 moment for all the girls on the team. 56. A. even B. still C. seldom D. again 57. A. confused B. struck C. reminded D. warned 58. A. touching B. thinking C. encouraging D. learning √ √ √ I think it is a general principle. 59 is the best teacher. The lessons they learned may not be 60 what they would have gotten in school, but are certainly more personal and meaningful, because they had to work them out on their own. 59. A. Experience B. Independence C. Curiosity D. Interest 60. A. harmful to B. mixed with C. different from D. applied to √ √ 作者的女儿所在的足球队在和训练有素的对手比赛时，前两场输了 , 但这些孩子把比赛的经验融合到了第二天的比赛中 , 终于得分了。作者由此得出了 “ 经验是最好的老师 ” 的结论。 41. B 空格前的“ School? A friend? A tutor? ” 所指的都是传统的 (traditional) 我们可以求教的地方。 42. C 根据空格后面的 somewhere else instead 可知 , 句意是“但很可能你真正想要学习的却在 (lies) 其他某个地方”。 43. D 结合空格后面的 seeing this first hand 可知作者有机会 (chance) 亲眼看到这样的事情。 44. C 根据下文中的 Saturday 和 between Saturday and Sunday 这些信息可知 , 她们踢球的时间是周末 (weekend) 。 45. B 根据空后的 a tournament, which normally was only for more skilled club teams 可知 , 一般来说只有技术更好的俱乐部球队才能参加 (entered) 锦标赛。 46. A 结合上下文可知 , 她们周末对抗的球队是一些受过更好训练的强队 , 因此这给她们带来的肯定是一些痛苦的 (painful) 经历。 47. D 根据上文的 more skilled club teams 可知 , 这些参加锦标赛的球队都是经过更好 (better) 训练的球队。 52. B 根据空后的 for their Sunday game 可知 , 这是她们在周日比赛露面（ showed up ）的时候。 48. D 由空格所在句中的 games ( 比赛 ) 及 shot ( 射门 ) 可知 , 此处是指她的球队 (team) 表现不佳。 49. B 根据下文的 playing her best… still defeated 可知 , 作者不愿意（ hated ）看到女儿尽力踢球但却仍然被打败的情景。 50. C 根据前面的 playing her best 和后面的 defeated 可知 , 女儿虽然尽力了 , 但还是被打败了。前后有转折关系 , 故选 but 。 51. A 这是一支女子足球队 , 因此指那些女孩子（ girls ）。 53. D 据上文中的 … something clicked with the… 可知 , 好像这些女孩子们突然领悟到了什么 , 这次露面时 , 她们完全 (completely) 不一样了。 54. A 根据上下文我们知道 , 作者女儿的这个队把昨天她们看到（ seen ）的融合到今天的比赛中来了。 55. C 根据上文的 their Sunday game 我们知道 , 她们把从对方那里学到的打法和团队合作精神融合到今天的比赛（ game ）中来。 56. A 由空格前的 They played aggressively 可知她们富有攻击性地踢球 , 甚至 (even) 得分了。 57. B 因 It strikes/struck sb. that…( 某人突然想起 ……) 是固定句式 , it 是形式主语 , 真正的主语是 that 引导的从句。这里的 strike 可以换成 hit 或 occur to 。 58. D 根据文章首句可知谈论的主要是学习 , 作者认为和训练有素的对手进行比赛是这些女孩子们学习（ learning ）的良机 , 以此紧扣文章主题。 59. A 作者认为和训练有素的对手比赛的经验 (experience) 是最好的老师。故选 A 。 60. C 句意为“她们学到的经验可能与将在学校得到的并无区别 (different from), 但一定更加个性化 , 更有意义 , 因为她们必须靠自己来弄清楚”。 3.2014 课标卷 I As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine basis. As a matter of fact, we can see this 1 at work in people of all 2 . For example, on Christmas morning, children are excited about 3 with their new toys. 1. A. principle B. habit C. way D. power 2. A. parties B. races C. countries D. ages 3. A. working B. living C. playing D. going √ √ √ But their 4 soon wears off and by January those 5 toys can be found put away in the basement. The world is full of 6 stamp albums and unfinished models, each standing as a monument to someone’s 7 interest. 4. A. confidence B. interest C. anxiety D. sorrow 5. A. same B. extra C. funny D. expensive 6. A. well-organized B. colorfully-printed C. newly-collected D. half-filled 7. A. broad B. passing C. different D. main √ √ √ √ When parents bring home a pet, their child 8 bathes it and brushes its fur. Within a short time, however, the 9 of caring for the animal is handed over to the parents. Adolescents enter high school with great 10 but are soon looking forward to 11 . 8. A. silently B. impatiently C. gladly D. worriedly 9. A. promise B. burden C. right D. game 10. A. courage B. calmness C. confusion D. excitement 11. A. graduation B. independence C. responsibility D. success √ √ √ √ The same is true of the young adults going to college. And then, how many 12 , who now complain ( 抱怨 ) about the long drives to work, 13 drove for hours at a time when they first 14 their driver’s licenses ( 执照 )? 12. A. children B. students C. adults D. retirees 13. A. carefully B. eagerly C. nervously D. bravely 14. A. required B. obtained C. noticed D. discovered √ √ √ Before people retire, they usually 15 to do a lot of 16 things, which they never had 17 to do while working. 15. A. need B. learn C. start D. plan 16. A. great B. strange C. difficult D. correct 17. A. time B. money C. skills D. knowledge √ √ √ But 18 after retirement, the golfing, the fishing, the reading and all of the other pastimes become as boring as the jobs they 19 . And, like the child in January, they go searching for new 20 . 18. A. only B. well C. even D. soon 19. A. lost B. chose C. left D. quit 20. A. pets B. Toys C. friends D. colleagues √ √ √ 本文是一篇议论文。论点是：任何事情做久了都会让人厌倦，任何年龄阶段的人都是如此。 1. A 由文章首句 As a general rule( 一般说来，作为一个一般的规则 ) 可知 , 选 A 。 principle 与上文的 rule 近义词复现。 2. D 由 For example 后面提到的 children, adolescents, young adults 以及 Before people retire 可知，这个原理适合不同年龄阶段的人，填 ages 。 3. C 由常识可知，孩子们“玩 (play)” 新的玩具，故填 playing 。 4. B 上文说孩子们很“兴奋地”玩他们的新玩具，由 But 可知，他们的“兴趣 (interest)” 逐渐消逝 (wear off) 。其他选项 confidence( 信心 ), anxiety( 焦虑 ), sorrow( 伤心 ) 与语境不符。 5. A 放到了地下室里的玩具就是原来孩子们兴奋地玩的玩具，故填 same 。 6. D 由后面与之并列的 unfinished models ( 没有完成的模型 ) 可知，应是 half-filled( 装满一半的 ) 集邮册。 7. B 每一个装满一半的集邮册和尚未完成的模型都是某人曾有过短暂兴趣的纪念碑。 passing 意为“短暂的 (lasting for a short time)” 。 8. C 由本句与下句可知 , 开始时孩子“很乐意 (gladly)” 为宠物洗澡和梳理毛发。 9. B 由本文主题可知，过一段时间之后，孩子们就没有了兴趣，照顾宠物也因此成为“负担 (burden)” ，移交给父母了。 10. D 由主题和上文的 children are excited about 可知，青少年也是非常“兴奋 (excitement)” 地进入高中的。 11. A 由 but 可知，他们不久后就会失去兴趣而盼望“毕业 (graduation)” 。 12. C 由 The same is true of the young adults going to college. And then… 及后文的 drives to work 可知，此处是讲“成年人 adults” 。 13. B 由常识和本文主题可知，人们开始拿到驾照时是很“渴望 (eagerly)” 开车的。 14. B 根据常识和搭配可知，应是“获得 (obtained)” 驾照。 require( 要求 ) ， notice( 注意到 ) ， discover( 发现 ) 不合语境。 15. D 他们在退休前通常“打算（ plan ）”做很多事情。 16. A 由下文的 the golfing, the fishing, the reading and all of the other pastimes 可知 , 这是他们退休后打算做的“令人愉快的 (great)” 事。 17. A 由后文 while working 可知，他们没有“时间 (time)” 去做那些的事情。 18. D 由本文主题及 but 可知，“不久以后 (soon after)” ，高尔夫和钓鱼等事又会跟退休前所做的工作一样变得无聊。 19. C 指他们在退休时“离开 (left)” 的工作。 20. B 意指退休的人对他们之前打算做的事失去兴趣就如同一月份的孩子们对圣诞节的玩具失去兴趣一样，又要寻找新的“玩具（ toys ）”。 4. 2013 课标卷 I I went to a group activity, “Sensitivity Sunday” which was to make us more 1 of the problem faced by disabled people. We were asked to “ 2 a disability” for several hours one Sunday. Some members like me 3 the wheelchair; others wore sound-blocking earplug ( 耳塞 ) or blindfold ( 眼罩 ). 1. A. sure B. fond C. aware D. ignorant 2. A. cure B. prevent C. adopt D. analyze 3. A. ignored B. rode C. agreed D. chose √ √ √ Just sitting in the wheelchair was a 4 experience, I had never considered before how 5 it would be to use one. As soon as I sat down, my 6 made the chair begin to roll. Its wheels were not 7 . 4. A. learning B. working C. satisfying D. relaxing 5. A. simple B. awkward C. boring D. exciting 6. A. height B. force C. skill D. weight 7. A. locked B. repaired C. powered D. grasped √ √ √ √ Then I wondered where to put my 8 . It took me quite a while to get the metal footrest into 9 . I took my first uneasy look at what was to be my only means of 10 for several hours. For disabled people, “adopting a wheelchair” is not a temporary 11 . 8. A. hands B. feet C. keys D. handles 9. A. place B. action C. play D. effect 10. A. operation B. communication C. transportation D. production 11. A. exploration B. education C. experiment D. entertainment √ √ √ √ I tried to find a 12 position and thought it might be restful, 13 kind of nice to be 14 around for a while. Looking around, I 15 I would have to handle the thing myself! My hands started to ache as I 16 the heavy wheels. 12. A. flexible B. safe C. fragile D. comfortable 13. A. yet B. just C. still D. even 14. A. shown B. pushed C. driven D. guided 15. A. realized B. suggested C. agreed D. admitted 16. A. lifted B. turned C. pressed D. seized √ √ √ √ √ I came to know that controlling the 17 of the wheelchair was not going to be a / an 18 task. My wheelchair experiment was soon 19 . It made a deep impression on me. A few hours of “disability” gave me only a taste of the 20 , both physical and mental, that disabled people must overcome. 17. A. way B. position C. direction D. operation 18. A. easy B. heavy C. major D. extra 19. A. forgotten B. repeated C. conducted D. finished 20. A. weaknesses B. challenges C. anxieties D. illnesses √ √ √ √ 本文主要讲述了作者参加了一个叫做“ Sensitivity Sunday” ( 体验星期天 ) 的活动，从中经历和感受了生活在轮椅上的残疾人生活的种种不便之处。 1. C 参与这个活动是为了让我们更“了解” (aware) 残疾人所面临的问题。 be aware of 意为“意识到”，“了解”，“认识”等。而 be sure of “ 确定”； be fond of “ 喜欢”， be ignorant of “ 对 …… 无知 / 无视”。 2. C 根据原词复现解题。答案由第二段倒数第二行 “ adopting a wheelchair” is not a temporary… 可推知。 3. D 根据上下文语境解题。句意：有的成员“选择” (chose) 轮椅来体验残疾人的生活，其他人则 …… 。 4. A 由下文可知，“我”尝试操作轮椅，是一次“学习” (learning) 的经历。 5. B 以前“我”从没想过使用轮椅会这么“难操作的；别扭的” (awkward) ，它相当于 clumsy 。 6. D 根据上下文提示词解题。由 sat down( 坐下 ) 可知，是“我”的“重量” (weight) 让轮椅开始滚动 (roll) 的。 7. A 根据逻辑关系解题。由上文 roll 一词可知，轮椅的轮并非是“锁上的” (locked) 。 8. B 根据常识解题。由于是第一次坐轮椅，“我”不知道把“脚” (feet) 放哪里好。 9. A 过了好一会，“我”才把搁脚板 (footrest) 放在合适的“地方” (place) 。 10. C “ 我”带着不安的表情第一次看了接下来的好几个小时作为“我”唯一的“交通” (transportation) 方式的轮椅。 communication 是“沟通；交流”之意。 11. C 根据近义复现解题。对于残疾人而言，坐轮椅可不是一次临时的“体验；经历”。 experiment 和文章中的 sensitivity 以及 experience 属于近义复现。 12. D “ 我”努力去找到一个让“我”感到“舒服自在的” (comfortable) 位置，感觉“推着” (pushed) 自己兜一会，那感觉会是令人放松的，“甚至” (even) 是很美妙的。 13. D 答案解析由 12 题可知。 14. B 答案解析由 12 题可知。 15. A “ 我”四周看看，“意识到” (realized) 操作轮椅的事情须得由自己来应对。 16. B 当“我”“转动” (turned) 轮椅那笨重的轮子时，“我”的手就开始发痛。 17. C “ 我”意识到要控制好轮椅的“方向” (direction) 并非一件“易” (easy) 事。此题易误选 D. operation( 操作 ) 。但选 D 的话，原文最好去掉 controlling 一词。 18. A 答案解析由 17 题可知。 19. D “ 我”坐轮椅的体验很快就“结束” (finished) 了。 20. B “ 残疾”了几个小时，“我”深切地体会到残疾人坐轮椅时在身心方面必须克服的种种“挑战” (challenges) 。 5. 2012 课标卷 Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all! It speaks 1 than words. According to specialists, our bodies send out more 2 than we realize. 1. A. straighter B. louder C. harder D. further 2. A. sounds B. invitations C. feelings D. messages √ √ In fact, non-verbal communication ( 非言语交 际 ) takes up about 15% of what we really 3 , and body language is particularly 4 when we attempt to communicate across cultures. Indeed, what is called body language is so 5 a part of us that it’s actually often unnoticed. And misunderstandings occur as a result of it. 3. A. hope B. receive C. discover D. mean 4. A. immediate B. misleading C. important D. difficult 5. A. well B. far C. much D. long √ √ √ 6 , different societies treat the 7 between people differently. Northern Europeans usually do not like having 8 contact even with friends, and certainly not with 9 . 6. A. For example B. Thus C. However D. In short 7. A. trade B. distance C. connections D. greetings 8. A. eye B. verbal C. bodily D. telephone 9. A. strangers B. relatives C. neighbours D. enemies √ √ √ √ People from Latin American countries 10 , touch each other quite a lot. Therefore, it’s possible that in 11 , it may look like a Latino is 12 a Norwegian all over the room. The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving 13 . 10. A. in other words B. on the other hand C. in a similar way D. by all means 11. A. trouble B. conversation C. silence D. experiment 12. A. disturbing B. helping C. guiding D. following 13. A. closer B. faster C. in D. away √ √ √ √ The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep 14 , which the Latino will in return regard as 15 . Clearly, a great deal is going on when people 16 . And only a part of it is in the words themselves. 14. A. stepping forward B. going on C. backing away D. coming out 15. A. weakness B. carelessness C. friendliness D. coldness 16. A. talk B. travel C. laugh D. think √ √ √ And when parties are from 17 cultures, there’s a strong possibility of 18 . But whatever the situation, the best 19 is to obey the Golden Rule: treat others as you would like to be 20 . 17. A. different B. European C. Latino D. rich 18. A. curiosity B. excitement C. misunderstanding D. nervousness 19. A. chance B. time C. result D. advice 20. A. noticed B. treated C. respected D. pleased √ √ √ √ 身势语是无声的和秘密的，也是所有语言中最强有力的。 1. B 由 Actions speak louder than words 或者 Facts speak louder than words( 事实胜于雄辩 ) 可知选 B 。 2. D 我们的身体发送的信息比我们意识到的更多， message 信息。 3. D 非言语的交流占据我们真正意思的 15% 。只有 mean 符合语境。 4. C 根据上文可知，肢体语言非常重要。 5. C 根据前文，肢体语言占据我们生活交流中的很大一部分，以至于我们都经常不会去注意它。 6. A 前面说误会因此发生，后文是一个实例，所以这里承上启下，用 for example 。 7. B 根据后文实例可以知道这里要说的是人与人之间的距离的问题。 8. C 由后文描述可知这里是说肢体接触的问题。 9. A 北欧人甚至不喜欢和朋友有肢体接触，当然更不喜欢和陌生人（ stranger ）了。 10. B 与前一句对比，再参考下文，可知拉丁美洲的人恰恰相反，用 on the other hand 表示“另一方面”。 11. B 根据后文，应是在谈话中。 12. D 由后文描述的场景知，是拉丁美洲的人在跟着那个挪威人。 13. A 根据前文所说拉丁美洲人的习俗，应该是靠近来表示友好。 14. C 挪威人不愿有肢体接触，一定是向后退了。 15. D 拉丁美洲人一定会觉得挪威人不愿接近自己是一种不友好的、冷漠（ coldness ）的表现。 16. A 当人们在交流、谈话的时候，很多事情在进行 —— 潜台词是，包括肢体语言的交流。 17. A 根据全篇谈论的内容，来自不同 (different) 文化，所以很有可能会有误解 (misunderstanding) 。 18. C 根据全篇谈论的内容，来自不同 (different) 文化，所以很有可能会有误解 (misunderstanding) ，也同时与第一段的 misunderstanding 相对。 19. D 无论情况如何，最好的建议 (advice) 是：用自己想被对待的方式对待别人。就是己所不欲，勿施于人。 20. B 由上题句意知应为 treat ，与这句话开头的 treat 相对。 6. 2011 课标卷 In our discussion with people on how education can help them succeed in life ， a woman remembered the first meeting of an introductory 1 course about 20 years ago. The professor 2 the lecture hall ， placed upon his desk a large jar filled with dried beans, and invited the students to 3 how many beans the jar contained. 1. A. art B. history C. science D. math 2. A. searched for B. looked at C. got through D. marched into 3. A. count B. guess C. report D. watch √ √ √ After 4 shouts of wildly wrong guesses, the professor smiled a thin ， dry smile ， announced the 5 answer, and went on saying ，“ You have just 6 an important lesson about science. That is: Never 7 your own senses.” 4. A. warning B. giving C. turning away D. 1istening to 5. A. ready B. possible C. correct D. difficult 6. A. learned B. prepared C. taught D. taken 7. A. lose B. trust C. sharpen D. show √ √ √ √ Twenty years later ， the 8 could guess what the professor had in mind. He 9 himself ， perhaps, as inviting his students to start an exciting 10 into all unknown world invisible( 无形的 )to the 11 , which can be discovered only through scientific 12 . 8. A. lecturer B. scientist C. speaker D. woman 9. A. described B. respected C. saw D. served 10. A. voyage B. movement C. change D. rush 11. A. professor B. eye C. knowledge D. light 12. A. model B. senses C. spirit D. methods √ √ √ √ √ But the seventeen-year-old girl could not accept or even 13 the invitation. She was just 14 to understand the world. And she 15 that her firsthand experience could be the 16 . 13.A. hear B. make C. present D. refuse 14.A. suggesting B. beginning C. pretending D. waiting 15.A. believed B. doubted C. proved D. explained 16.A. growth B. strength C. faith D. truth √ √ √ √ The professor, however ， said that it was 17 . He was taking away her only 18 for knowing and was providing her with no substitute. “I remember feeling small and 19 ,” the woman says, “and I did the only thing I could do. I 20 the course that afternoon ， and I haven’t gone near science since. ” 17.A. firm B. interesting C. wrong D. acceptable 18.A. task B. tool C. success D. connection 19.A. cruel B. proud C. frightened D. brave 20.A. dropped B. started C. passed D. missed √ √ √ √ 20 年前，作者的第一堂理科实验课上，一位教授做了一个实验，该实验告诉学生，不要相信自己的判断。正是这个实验让一位妇女以后远离了理科。 1. C 由下文 an important lesson about science 可知，这是一节理科实验课。 2. D 由空后的 placed upon his desk a large jar filled with… 可知，老师走进了教室。 3. B 由空后的 how many beans the jar contained 可知，教授让学生们猜一下，这个坛子能装多少豆子。 4. D 由空后的 shouts of wildly wrong guesses 可知，学生们喊出了各种错误的推测，教授听了他们喊出的答案。 5. C 由空前的 announced 和空后的 answer 可知，教授向学生们公布了正确答案。 6. A 由空后的 an important lesson about science 可知，教授认为他们学到了一堂非常重要的理科课程。 7. B 学生们的推测都是错误的，因此教授说，“不要相信你们的意识” 。 8. D 由下文 But the seventeen-year-old girl could not accept… 可知，这个妇女能够推测教授心里是怎么想的。 9. C 据前文 The professor 2 (marched into) the lecture hall 提示，可知答案。 10. A 由空后的 into the unknown world 可知，教授的目的是带学生们进行一次激动人心的知识旅行。 11. B 由后文 which can be discovered only through scientific 12 (methods) 可知，这个世界是眼睛看不到的，只有通过科学方法才可以看到。 12. D 由前文的 invisible to the eye 可知，这个世界只有通过科学的方法才可以看到。 13. A 由空前的 could not accept 可知，她不能 接受，甚至听到这个邀请。 or 在这里表达前后为顺接关系。 14. B 由前文的 the seventeen-year-old girl 可推断，这个小女孩年龄很小，只是刚刚开始认识这个世界。 15. A 由空后的 her firsthand experience could be the 16 (truth) 可知是她的认识，故选 believed 。 16. D 由前文我们知道，教授想告诉学生的是第一手经验并不一定是事情的真相，我们要通过科学实验来验证真相，但是小女孩的想法与之相反。 17. C 由前文我们可以知道，教授认为小女孩认识世界的方式是错误的。 18. B 显然空前提到的 her firsthand experience 就是她认识世界的工具。 19. C 由下文的 haven’t gone near science since 可知，她对理科产生了恐惧。 20. A 由空后的 haven’t gone near science since 可知，那天下午她就放弃了理科。 D 有一定干扰性， miss 意思是“错过”，因此可排除。 7. 2010 课标卷 It was a busy morning, about 8:30, when an elderly gentleman in his 80s, came to the hospital. I heard him saying to the nurse that he was in a hurry as he had an appointment at 9:00 am. The nurse had him take a 1 in the waiting area, 2 him it would be at least 5 minutes 3 someone would be able to see him. 1. A. breath B. test C. seat D. break 2. A. persuading B. promising C. understanding D. telling 3. A. if B. before C. since D. after √ √ √ I saw him 4 his watch and , since I was 5 busy—my patient didn’t 6 at point hours, I would exam his wound. While taking care of his wound, I asked him if he had another doctor’s appointment. 4. A. taking B. fixing C. looking at D. winding 5. A. very B. also C. seldom D. not 6. A. turn up B. show off C. come. D. go away √ √ √ The gentleman told me no and told me that he 7 to go to the nursing home to eat breakfast with his 8 . He told me that she had been 9 for a while and that she has special disease. I asked if she would be 10 if he was a bit late. 7. A. needed B. forgot C. agreed D. happened 8. A. daughter B. wife C. mother D. sister 9. A. late B. well C. around D. there 10. A. lonely B. worried C. doubtful D. hungry √ √ √ √ He replied that she 11 knew who he was, that she had not been able to 12 him in five years now. I was 13 , and asked him, “And you 14 go every morning, even though she doesn’t know who you are?” 11. A. so far B. neither C. no longer D. already 12. A. recognize B. answer C. believe D. expect 13. A. moved B. disappointed C. surprised D. satisfied 14.A. only B. then C. thus D. still √ √ √ √ He smiled as he patted my hand and said, “She doesn’t know me, but I know who she is.” I had to hold back 15 as he left. Now I 16 that in marriages, the true love is 17 of all that is. 15. A. curiosity B. tears C. words D. judgment 16. A. realize B. suggest C. hope D. prove 17. A. agreement B. expression C. acceptance D. exhibition √ √ √ The happiest people don’t 18 have the best of everything; they just 19 the best of everything they have. 20 isn’t about how to live through the storm, but how to dance in the rain. 18. A. necessarily B. completely C. naturally D. frequently 19. A. learn B. make C. favor D. try 20. A. Adventure B. Beauty C. Trust D. Life √ √ √ 本文讲述了一个感人的爱情故事。作者在给一位八十多岁的老人看病的过程中得知，老人的妻子生病住院，已经有五年都不认识他了，但是这位老人仍然坚持每天早上来医院和妻子一起吃早饭。这件事让作者明白：真正的爱就是接受所有的一切。 1. C 由下文 waiting room 可知，护士是让老人在候诊区坐下等等而不是让老人休息（ rest/break ）或吸口气（ breath ）。 2. D 护士让老人坐下等候的同时告诉他轮到他看病至少得有 5 分钟。 3. B 因 it would be + 一段时间 +before… 为固定句型，意为“将要过多久才 ……” 。 4. C 根据第一段第二句话这个老人对护士所说的话可知，因为老人很匆忙要赶上 9 ： 00 的约会，所以老人在等待过程中不停地“看”手表。 5. D 由 my patient didn’t 6 at the appointed hour 可知作者当时不忙，故选 D 。 6. A 作者不忙，可知作者的病人没有在约定的时间到达 (turn up) 。 7. A 由上文 for an appointment 可知，老人在老伴生病期间需要去护理房。 8. B 由下文 she 和 true love 可知，是老人的妻子。 9. D 由 she had a special disease 可知，老人的妻子在 nursing room ，上文已提到，故为了避免重复用 there 代替。 10. B 如果老人约会去迟了，老人的妻子会不会为他而担心，这是人之常情。故选 B 。 11. C 由 she had not been able to 12 him for five years now 可知她已经“不再”知道他是谁。 12. A 由下文 even though she doesn’t know who you are 可知，老人的妻子已经有五年都不认识他了。 13. C 当听到老人的话，作者感到很惊讶，故选 C 。 14. D 由上文可知老人明知道他妻子已经认不出他来了，但他却和她约会共进早餐，说明老人仍然坚持每天都去。 15. B 作者被老人的话所感动，所以“抑制住”自己的眼泪。 16. A 通过这件事使“我”意识到什么是真正的爱。 17. C 真正的爱就是对于所有一切的接受。本题点明了文章的主旨，老人不管妻子患病与否都始终不离不弃，所以是接受了一切，无论好坏。 18. A 见上题解析。 19. B 最幸福的人不一定非得拥有一切美好的东西，而是那些充分利用 (make the best of) 把握他们所拥有的人。 20. D 由上文老人的故事可知生活的真谛不在于如何度过风暴，而是如何在风暴中保持快乐坚强。 8. 2009 课标卷 The True Story of Treasure Island It was always thought that Treasure Island was the product of Robert Louis Stevenson’s imagination. 1 ， recent research has found the true story of this exciting work. Stevenson, a Scotsman, had lived 2 for many years. In 1881 he returned to Scotland for a 3 . 1. A. However B. Therefore C. Besides D. Finally 2. A. alone B. next door C. at home D. abroad 3. A. meeting B. story C. holiday D. job √ √ √ With him were his American wife Fanny and his son 4 . Each morning Stevenson would take them out for a long 5 over the hills. They had been 6 this for several days before the weather suddenly took a turn for the worse. Kept indoors by the heavy rain, Lloyd felt the days 7 . 4. A. Lloyd B. Robert C. Henley D. John 5. A. talk B. rest C. walk D. game 6. A. attempting B. missing C. planning D. enjoying 7. A. quiet B. dull C. busy D. cold √ √ √ √ To keep the boy happy Robert asked the boy to do some 8 . One morning, the boy came to Robert with a beautiful map of an island. Robert 9 that the boy had drawn a large cross in the middle of the 10 . 8. A. cleaning B. writing C. drawing D. exercising 9. A. doubted B. noticed C. decided D. recognized 10. A. sea B. house C. country D. island √ √ √ “What’s that?” he asked. “That’s the 11 treasure,” said the boy. Robert suddenly 12 something of an adventure story in the boy’s 13 while the rain was pouring, Robert sat down by the fire to write a story. He would make the 14 a twelve-year-old boy just like Lloyd. But who would be the pirate （海盗） ? 11.A. forgotten B. buried C. discovered D. unexpected 12.A. saw B. drew C. made D. learned 13.A. book B. reply C. picture D. mind 14. A. star B. hero C. writer D. child √ √ √ √ Robert had a good friend named Henley, who walked around with the 15 of a wooden leg. Robert had always wanted to 16 such a man in a story. 17 Long John Silver the pirate with a wooden leg, was 18 . 15.A. help B. problem C. use D. bottom 16.A. praise B. produce C. include D. accept 17.A. Yet B. Also C. But D. Thus 18.A. read B. born C. hired D. written √ √ √ √ So, thanks to a 19 September in Scotland, a friend with a wooden leg and the imagination of a twelve-year-old boy, we have one of the greatest 20 stories in the English language. 19.A. rainy B. sunny C. cool D. windy 20.A. news B. love C. real-life D. adventure √ √ 本文主要讲伟大的探险小说 《 金银岛 》 是史蒂文森如何想象出来的。 1. A 前句“人们一直认为 《 金银岛 》 一书是史蒂文森凭空想象出来的”与后句“最近的一项研究发现这部令人激动的作品的一些真实的经历”，显然具有转折关系。 2. D 根据前面的 Stevenson, a Scotsman 以及后句的 In 1881 he returned to Scotland 及 With him were his American wife Fanny and his son 可判断空格中应表明他不是独身一人，二是与家人一起在国外居住多年。 3. C 根据第三段中第一句 Each morning Stevenson would take them out. .. over the hills, 可判断他们每天早上是爬山游玩，因此断定回国是为了“度假”。 4. A 根据 Kept indoors the heavy rain, Lloyd felt the days 以及下文的 To keep the boy happy, Robert asked the boy… ，可判断是 Lloyd 。 5. C 既然是度假，而且是一家人去山上，因此一定是“漫步”。 6. D 每天山上漫步，一定感到很惬意，应该是一种“享受”。 7. B 然而大雨却让他们不得不呆在室内。孩子感觉天一定会很“阴暗”，只有 dull 符合句意。 8. C 根据下文的 with a beautiful map of an island 以及 the boy had drawn a large cross… 可判断是 drawing 。 9. B “ 孩子在图上岛的中间画了一个十字”，这个应该是父亲细心，“注意到”的事情。 10. D 根据上文 a beautiful map of an island 以及题目可判断。 11. B 宝藏应该是被人埋藏在岛中的某个地点，因此选 buried 。 12. A 句意为：突然，史蒂文森从儿子的绘画中设想出一个探险故事。 see 含有“设想、预想”之意。 13. C 上文谈到儿子拿来一幅画给父亲看，因此可判断父亲是从儿子的绘画中得到灵感。 14. B 上文有父亲坐在炉火旁写作，因此可判断，这里是他想让故事中的主人翁就是他儿子一样的孩子。 hero 意思是“主人翁，英雄”。 15. A 词组 with the help of 表示“在 …… 帮助下；借助于”。 16. C 上文有故事的主人翁产生了，海盗是谁呢？作者紧接着突然提及父亲有一个朋友，借助于一只木头腿走路，而下文中的 such a man in the story 即指这个朋友，可见意思是在书中“包括”这样一个人物。 17. D 上下文之间为因果关系，故填 thus 。 18. B 根据上文这一句总结了海盗“诞生”的过程。 19. A 上文有因“雨”，才有后面的故事，因“孩子”，“木头腿的朋友”才有了故事中的人物， 《 金银岛 》 一书应多亏了那个“下雨的”九月等。 20. D 根据 12 空后的 an adventure story 暗示，以及常识可知 《 金银岛 》 是探险小说。 9. 2008 课标卷 After the birth of my second child, I got a job at a restaurant. Having worked with an experienced 1 for a few days, I was 2 to wait tables on my own. All went 3 that first week. 1. A. manager B. assistant C. cook D. waitress 2. A. promised B. invited C. allowed D. advised 3. A. well B. quickly C. safely D. wrong √ √ √ When Saturday night came, I was luckily 4 the tables not far from the kitchen. 5 , I still felt it a little hard to carry the heavy trays( 托盘 ). Before I knew it ,the 6 was full of people. I moved slowly, 7 every step. 4. A. left B. given C. brought D. shown 5. A. Therefore B. However C. Otherwise D. Finally 6. A. kitchen B. street C. restaurant D. table 7. A. minding B. changing C. taking D. saving √ √ √ √ I remember how 8 I was when I saw the tray stand near the tables; it looked different from the one I was 9 on. It had nice handles, which made it 10 to move around. I was pleased with everything and began to 11 I was a natural at this job. 8.A. angry B. calm C. sad D. happy 9.A. fixed B. trained C. loaded D. waited 10.A. slower B. lighter C. quieter D. easier 11.A. believe B. agree C. regret D. pretend √ √ √ √ Then, an old man came to me and said, “Excuse me, dear, my wife and I loved 12 you work. It seems your tray stand has been very 13 to you, but we are getting ready to 14 now ,and my wife needs her 15 back. ” 12.A. letting B. making C. watching D. having 13.A. useful B. familiar C. unusual D. interesting 14.A. rest B. order C. eat D. leave 15.A. bag B. walker C. tray D. coat √ √ √ √ At first his 16 did not get across. “What was he talking about?” Then, I got it. I had set my trays on his wife’s orthopedic walker( 助步器 ). I stood frozen as ice , but my face was 17 . I wanted to get into a hole and 18 . 16. A. idea B. praise C. message D. need 17. A. cold B. full of joy C. pale D. on fire 18. A. lie B. hide C. defend D. stay √ √ √ Since then, I have learned from many mistakes such as the one I just 19 . I have learned to be more 20 and not to be too sure of myself. 19. A. repeated B. discovered C. corrected D. described 20. A. careful B. patient C. honest D. practical √ √ 作者讲述她生完第二个孩子后去一家饭店打工的经历。 1. D 前文说在饭店找到一份工作，后文出现了 carry the heavy trays ( 托盘 ) ，可知作者是在和有经验的服务员一起干。 2. C 上文提到跟随一位有经验的服务员干了几天，所以就允许自己独自为顾客服务了。 3. A 从下文来看，周日那几天 All went well that first week( 一切都很顺利 ) ，只是在周末出了一点小状况。 4. B 句意是“周六晚上，我有幸被给 (give) 机会在离厨房不远的一张桌子边服务”。 5. B 由下文的 I still felt a little hard 可知，尽管作者被给了这样一个机会，但感到有点困难，语意转折了，故用 however 。 6. C 既然是在饭店里当服务员，自然是饭店挤满了顾客，不会在其他地方挤满顾客。 7. A 前文提到饭店里挤满了顾客，所以自己要慢慢移动步子，“留意，当心 (mind)” 每一步。 8. D 从空后的内容可知，当时看到的托盘与培训的不一样，有一个漂亮的手柄，很好使，所以感到很高兴。 9. B 正式上岗前要经过学习培训 (train) ，故选 B 。 10. D 正式的托盘与训练的不一样，很容易转动，故选 D 项。 11. A 前文说自己对店里的东西一切都很满意，所以相信自己能自然而然地干好自己的工作，故选 A 。 12. C 句意是“我和妻子爱看你工作”，其他三个是使役动词，意为“让，使”，不合语意。 13. A 句意：好像你的托盘对你很有用 (useful) 。 14. D 句意：我们（就餐完了）要离开了。 15. B 该句前部分出现了 tray stand 可知他们是想拿回作者误拿的托盘（助步器的托盘）。 16. C 句意：起初我没有明白他表达的意思 (message) ，故选 C 。 17. D 句意：我像冰人一样站在那儿傻眼了（因为做错了事），脸变得通红，像着了火 (on fire) 一样。 18. B 从该句前部分 I wanted to get into a hole 可知，作者当时真想找个洞藏起来，故选 B 。 19. D 作者在描述 (describe) 她以前亲身经历的尴尬的事情，故选 D 。 20. A 从作者所描述的内容可知，她的那次失误是因为自己不仔细造成的，所以她要从错误中吸取教训，认真做事，不要对自己太自信。故选 A 。 Thank you!