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- 2021-05-24 发布
2019
届二轮复习
七选五阅读理解考点剖析
1.
掌握语篇的
衔接手段
1. (2015
全国
Ⅱ
卷
)
When you have found shoes that seem right, walk in them for a few days to double-check the fit.
37
解析：
代词指代
。选项
E
中的
them
与空前句中的
them
都是指代
shoes
，将选项
E
代入原文，语义衔接，故选
E
项。
E. If they still feel good, you can begin running
in them.
F. Time spent for preparation raises the quality
of training.
指代什么？
语法手段
2.
(2016
全国
Ⅱ
卷
)
If you’d like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth.
40
Then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grown-up garden.
B. Find a good place for your own garden.
G. For each of those gardens, write down the
strongest memory you have.
指什么
gardens
？
前后衔接紧密
词语复现
2.
解析：
代词指代
。
选项
G
中的
those gardens
指代前句中“
the gardens of your youth”
；另外，该选项中
memory
与前句中的
recall(
回忆
)
及后句中的
memories(
记忆
)
为词语复现，故
选
G
项。
3. (2016
全国
Ⅰ
卷
)
38
You might represent each letter with a number, for example, let’s number the letters of the alphabet…
E. You can hide a message by having the first
letters of each word spell it out.
G. Another way to hide a message is to use
symbols to stand for specific letters of the
alphabet.
同义复现
原词复现
词汇手段
解析：
词语复现
。
空后句中有
the alphabet(
字母表
)
，有此词的选项中只有
G
项。另外，选项
G
中的
stand for
与空后句中的
represent
是同义复现。
4
. (2015
全国
Ⅰ
卷
)
●
39
If you’ve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But there’s a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”.
C. Stop regarding yourself as the victim.
D. Remember that you can expect the best in
return.
词语复现
(
原词
复现
)
4.
解析：
词语复现。
空后句三次出现
victim
一词
,
七个选项中只有选项
C
中有
victim
，同词复现。将选项
C“
不要把自己当作受害者”代入空格处，与下文衔接紧密，故选
C
。顺便说说，本题要求选主题句，本段为“总
—
分”结构。
5
. (2015
全国
Ⅰ
卷
)
38
Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.
A. Learn to really trust yourself.
B. It is putting confidence in someone.
5.
解析：
词语复现
。选项
A
中的
trust yourself
与空格后的
Having confidence in yourself(
相信你自己
)
是同义复现，上下句的语义衔接紧密。
词语复现
(
同义
复现
)
6.
(2014
全国
Ⅱ
卷
Ⅰ)
Make your time worth it. When you do find time to cook a meal, make the most of it and save yourself time later on. Are you making one loaf of bread?
38
It takes around the same amount of time to make more of something. So save yourself the effort for a future meal.
C. Make three or four instead.
D. Understand your food better.
6.
解析：
词语同现。
空前的
one
与
three, four
都是数字，有可能同时出现，将此选项代入空格，前后意义衔接，故选
C
项。
词语同现
7.
(2012
全国卷
)
Get support. When you need help, reach out to the people who care about you. Talk to a trusted adult, such as a parent or other relatives.
72
They might have had similar problems, such as dealing with a test, or the death of a beloved pet.
E. You need to figure out what the problem is.
F. And don’t forget about your friends.
词语同现
7.
解析：
词语同现
。与前句中“父母
(parent)”
或“亲属
(relatives)”
最有可能同时出现的是选项
F
中的 “朋友
(friends)”
，将该选项代入空格，前后意义连贯；后句中的“
They”
指代“
your friends”
，故选
F
项。
8.
(2010
全国卷
)
During my first meeting, I presented and then opened the floor to questions.
71
My first reaction was to answer defensively. Later, I realized that I shouldn’t have felt that way.
B. Restate the question with respect.
D. There were many difficult questions.
F. You may also ask for clarification on the
question.
据词语
复
现
/
同
现
,
排除
4
个选项
,
仅剩以下
3
个
分别代入，只有
D
项才前后连贯
8.
解析：
词语同现。
因为
ask
与
answer
是词语同现，将答案锁定在
B, D, F
三项中；分别代入原文，只有
D
项才前后连贯
,
故选
D
项。
9.
(2010
全国卷
)
● Suggest a private meeting.
C. Some ideas can be quite concrete.
E. It can also be
more
effective in exchanging
ideas.
A one-on-one meeting is a calm
er
setting than speaking in front of your peers.
75
9.
解析：
结构复现
。因
It
与
A one-on-one meeting
是指代关系；
more effective (
更有效
)
与
calmer (
更平静
)
同属比较级句型，重要标志词为
also
，故选
E
项。
结构复现
,
标志词
also
指代关系
10.
(2008
全国卷
)
You will want to take notes during classroom discussions and while reading a textbook or doing research for a report.
72
E. You will also want to develop your own
method for taking notes.
F. That means you must first decide what is
important enough to include in your notes.
10.
解析：
结构复现
。空前句“
You will want to…”
与“
You will also want to…”
是结构复现，
also
为标志词。
结构复现
,
标志词
also
2.
把握句际的
逻辑关系
B. For a good marathon runner
C. Before you begin your training
11.
(2015
全国
Ⅱ
卷
)
Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady, gradual increases in the length of the runs.
36
, buy the best-fitting, best-built running shoes you can find…
During the first week, do not think about distance, but run five minutes longer each day…
总
分
准备
应是在训练
前
总分关系
11.
解析：
空前句为主题句
(
总
)
，该句告诉我
们本文要讲“
preparation(
训练前的准备
)”
和“
increases in the length of the runs (
渐渐增加跑步的长度
)”
两个内容。由第二段中的“
During the first week, do not think about distance”
可
知该段谈跑的距离，此处空后所说“买鞋”，
应是“训练前”的准备工作。故选
C
项。
12.
(2014
全国
Ⅱ
卷
)
From my experience, there are
three
main reasons why people don’t cook more often:
ability
,
money
, and
time
.
36
Money
is a topic I’ll save for another day. So today I want to give you some wisdom about how to make the most of the
time
you spend in the kitchen...
B. Ability is easily improved.
E. Cooking is a burden for many people.
总
分
解析：
空格前句说
“three main reasons…
：
ability, money, and time”
，这是“总”；其后应是对
ability, money, time
分别进行阐述，即“分”；因空格后的第
1
、
2
句先后提及了
money
和
time
，所以该空应该是
ability
方面的原因，故选
B
项。
顺承关系
13.
(2015
全国
Ⅱ
卷
)
But during the next week, set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run.
39
D. With each day, increase the distance by a
half mile.
F. Time spent for preparation raises the quality
of training.
顺承关系
原词复现
13.
解析：
根据空前句“在接下来的这一周里，要设立每次至少要跑
1.5
英里的目标”与“每天增加
0.5
英里的距离”是顺承关系，故选
D
项。另外，选项
D
中的
mile
与前句中的
mile
是原词复现。
转折关系
14.
(2015
全国
Ⅰ
卷
)
… look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life.
40
Instead, it’s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for
positive
growth and forgiveness.
D. Remember that you can expect the best in
return.
G. Seeing the
positive
side of things doesn’t
mean you’re ignoring what happened.
表明前后为
转折关系
原词复现
14.
解析：
选项
G“
关注事情的积极方面并不意味着忽略发生了什么”与下一句“相反
,
通过这次经历给积极成长和宽恕留出空间，这是一种健康的方式”是转折关系。另外，选项
G
中的
positive
与下文的
positive
是原词复现。
15.
(2013
全国
Ⅰ
卷
)
Most businesses seek
to make a profit (
利润
)—that is, they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business.
71
Commonly called nonprofits…
C. Examples of nonprofit businesses include
such organizations as social service agencies
and many hospitals.
D. However, some businesses only seek to earn
enough to cover their operating costs.
转折关系
15.
解析：
空前句讲以盈利为目的的机构
(seek to make a profit…aim to achieve income)
，与空后句中的非盈利机构
(nonprofits)
为转折关系，故选
D
项。
16. (2016
全国
Ⅱ
卷
)
Grandma’s rose garden and Dad’s vegetable garden might be good or bad, but that’s
not
what’s
important
.
39
—how being in those gardens made us feel.
C. It’s our experience of the garden that
matters
.
D. It’s delightful to see so many beautiful flowers.
转折关系
matter
(
vi
.)
=
be important
解析：
空前句“但那一点不重要”，那什么才是重要的呢？浏览
C
、
D
两个选项，选
C
项这个强调句意为“我们对花园的感受才是重要的”，与前句衔接紧密。“不重要
(not…important)”
和“重要
(matters)”
为转折关系。故选
C
项。
因果关系
17.
(2015
全国
Ⅰ
卷
)
Sometimes people simply can’t trust any more.
37
It’s understandable, but…
D. Remember that you can expect the best in return.
E. They’ve been too badly hurt and they can’t bear to let it happen again.
因
果
17.
解析：
空前句“有时人们不再信任
(
别人
)
了”，空后句“这是可以理解的”，为什么不再信任
(
别人
)
？为什么可以理解？一定事出有因。故选能解释其原因的选项，“他们已经受到极大的伤害，不容忍这样的事再次发生”，故选
E
项。另外选项
E
中的
they
指代前句中的
people
。
18. (2017
全国
Ⅲ
卷
)● Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends. If you’re tired out by Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful.
But
compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week, a recent study found.
39
A. Get a sleep specialist.
F. Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time,
no matter the day.
解析：
由上一句可知，“周末多睡可能导致下周睡眠紊乱”，这与选项
F“
无论哪一天，都要坚持你设定好的上床和起床时间”存在因果关系。
因
果
19.
(2016
全国
Ⅲ
卷
)
Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isn’t fresh.
39
When you have bought a fish and arrive home, you’d better store the fish in the refrigerator ...
A. Do not buy it.
E. The fish will go bad within hours.
因果关系
解析：
上一句提到带有强烈腥味的鱼是
不新鲜
的。选项
A
与上文存在逻辑上的因果关系。故选
A
项。
并列关系
20.
(2014
全国
Ⅱ
卷
)
Hopefully that gives
you a good start.
40
And don’t let a busy schedule discourage you from making some great changes in the way you eat and live!
E. Cooking is a burden for many people.
F. Let cooking and living simply be a joy
rather than a burden.
20.
解析：
由
And don’t let
引导的祈使句可知前后并列，也选
let
引出的祈使句，与之构成并列关系，故选
F
项。
并列关系
解释关系
21.
(2016
全国
Ⅲ
卷
)
Buying, storing, and cooking fish isn’t difficult.
37
This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way.
C. This is how you can do it.
D. It just requires a little knowledge.
重述解释
指
代
21.
解析：
选项
D “
它只需要一点小常识”是对空前句“买鱼、贮藏和煮鱼并不难”的解释，即“只需一点常识”是“不难”的重述，语义衔接；其中选项
D
中的
It
指代前句主语“
Buying, storing, and cooking fish”
。
列举或举例
22.
(2016
年
Ⅲ
卷
)
Everyone knows that fish is good for health.
36
But it seems that many people don’t cook fish at home.
F. When buying fish, you should first smell it.
G. The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.
解析：
选项
G“
鱼油被认为有助于预防心脏疾病”是前句“鱼有益健康”的一个具体例子。
好处之一
23. (2013
全国
Ⅰ
卷
)Most businesses seek to make a profit (
利润
)—that is, they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business…Commonly called nonprofits, these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers.
72
C. Examples of nonprofit businesses include
such organizations as social service agencies
and many hospitals.
D. However, some businesses only seek to earn
enough to cover their operating costs.
词语复现
解析：
选项
C
是空格前句中的
nongovernmental service providers
的
Examples
，且两者之间有
nonprofit(
非盈利
)
、
organizations
以及
service
等词语上的重复，故选
C
项。
相对或对立关系
24. (2017
全国
Ⅰ
卷
)I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness.
38
Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life.
A. This time there was no tent.
B. Things are going to be improved.
与前面成对比
解析
：
从空格后“
Instead, we had a …air conditioner”
可知，作者第二次露营的条件比第一次好多了，且前一次露营住的是帐篷，而这次有床和空调，前后是对比关系故选
A
项。
25.
(2016
全国
Ⅰ
卷
)
To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words. For example… The message “bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me” .
40
A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book.
C. Only people who know the keyword can read the message.
相对关系
25.
解析：
上一句中
with a code book
相对的是
without the code book
，“有密码书”就可以将它们所代表的词写下来，“没有密码书”要破译就难了，故选
A
项。
顺序关系
26.
(2008
全国卷
)
Taking good notes is a time-saving skill that will help you to become a better student in several ways.
71
Second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test. Third, note-taking offers variety to your study time and helps you to hold your interest.
C. You must write your notes on separate paper.
G. First, the simple act of writing something
down makes it easier for you to understand
and remember it.
26.
解析：
空格后的两句分别用
Second
和
Third
列举了记笔记的好处，所以该空格句子应该是
First
开头，故选
G
项。
27.
(2007
全国卷
)
One of the best things you can possibly do is to start your own club…
The first thing you need to …
Next you need some friends to be …
74
You should all sit down somewhere together with lots of pieces of paper …
B. Enjoy your own club!
F. Then you need to pick a name for your club.
27.
解析：
由空格前两段开头的
The first thing, Next
可知，应选以
Then
开头的
F
项。
3.
重视语篇的
明显标志
28.(2016
全国
Ⅱ
卷
)…
It starts with looking inside yourself…and how you approach the gardening process.
●
37
Some people may think that a garden … Others are concerned about using gardening methods …
However, there are a number of other reasons
that
might explain why you want to garden…
●
Recall (
回忆
) your childhood memories
Our model of what a garden…
有标识符号
●
，显然是个
小标题
同类标题句式
结构相同
祈使句
祈使句
选项中
仅
有
两
个是
祈使句
A. Know why you garden.
B. Find a good place for your own garden.
行文标志
解析：
由本文格式可知，本题要求选一个
小标题；应与另一小标题
Recall(
回忆
) your childhood memories
一样，为祈使句，将答案锁定在
A
和
B
两项；又由文中
a number
of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden(
还有其他几个可以解释你为什么要从事园艺的理由
)
可知，选
A
项。
29.
(2011
全国
Ⅰ
卷
)
Parents should help their children understand money…
1. The basic function of money
Being explaining the basic function of …
2. Money lessons
Approach money lessons with openness…
3. ____
74
____
Begin at the grocery store. Pick out similar brands of a product... You can show your child how to make choices between different brands of a product…
A. Wise decision B. The value of money
名词短语
名词短语
名词短语
7
个选项中只有
A
和
B
29.
解析：
根据本文格式，因为前面两个小标题都是名词短语，所以我们可以锁定两个目标选项
A. “Wise decision
（明智的决定）”
B. “The value of money
（钱的价值）”。
然后从内容上看，特别是段中的
pick out(
选出
), make choices
（做选择）可知选
A
项。
30.
(2015
全国
Ⅱ
卷
)
During the first week, do not think about distance, but run five minutes longer each day.
38
,
it is wise to take a day off to rest. But during the next week, set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run
A. After six days
B. For a good marathon runner
逗号
，其后为
句子
，
无连词
短语
或带连词的
句子
7
个选项中只有以下
2
个
在
第一周
里
,
休息一天
,
应是在训练
6
天之后
标点符号
30.
解析：
因空格后是逗号，其后的句子前没有连词，故正确选项要么是带连词的从句，要么是一个短语，只有
A
和
B
两个选项符合；又由上文中的
During the first week
和下文的
take a day off to rest
可知，一周七天里训练六天后休息一天是明智的。故选
A
项。
THANK YOU!