【英语】2019届高考英语二轮复习学案：完形填空的解题技巧及训练&非谓语动词的复习（2） 19页

‎2019年高三二轮复习--完形填空的解题技巧及训练+非谓语动词的复习（3）‎ 一.课程介绍 知识点 ‎ 1.归纳讲解完形填空的解题技巧（3）---说明文 ‎2.重点语法: 非谓语动词的复习（3）---非谓语动词作状语 ‎ 教学重点 ‎ 1.掌握并运用好记叙文体完形填空的解题技巧 ‎2.准确辨析及正确使用非谓语动词作状语的用法 ‎ 教学难点 完形填空中高频词语的掌握 二.要点回顾 I.填空 ‎1.The park was full of people ____(enjoy) themselves in the sunshine.‎ ‎2.Toady there are more airplanes _____(carry) more people than ever before in the skies.‎ ‎3.The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras_____(return) to our shop for quality problems.‎ ‎4.Volunteering gives you a chance________ (change) lives, including your own. ‎ ‎5.Annie Salmon, disabled, is attended throughout her school days by a nurse _______ (appoint)to guard her.‎ ‎【答案】1.enjoying ‎ ‎【解析】现在分词作定语，表示动作正在进行，主动含义 ‎【答案】2.carrying ‎【解析】现在分词作定语，表示动作正在进行，主动含义 ‎【答案】3.returned ‎ ‎【解析】过去分词作定语，表示被动 ‎【答案】4.to change ‎【解析】不定式作定语，强调将来的动作 ‎【答案】5.appointed ‎ ‎【解析】过去分词作定语，表示动作被动含义 II.完形填空（2015四川卷）‎ My previous home had a stand of woods behind it and many animals in the backyard. That first year, I__11_ feeding peanuts to the blue jays, then the squirrels. The squirrels had no_12___coming up right to me for them. As the months went by, the rabbits saw that I was no ___13___ and didn’t escape. When I threw carrot slices(薄片)，they even came for a nibble(啃).Slowly they came to_14___me, and by the end of the year they were eating out of my hand.‎ That second year, the rabbits_15____me, and one would even sit up for slices! While I was feeding them, I_16___that a groundhog who used to run away was now talking an__17____interest in this food situation. I carefully extended a long__17____,with a keen eye on those teeth, and ___,there were times I would have the groundhog sitting next to a rabbit, both munching(津津有味的咀嚼) On carrots. A few months later, while ___20___,she would even turn her back to me.___21_‎ When she was facing away, I reached out and ___22__scratched（搔）her back with my finger, She Didn’t move.‎ By year three, the rabbits and the groundhog were back. The ground hog ___23__didn’t have a problem with me scratching her back, and I got an idea, I’d always___24__,while slicing up carrots, that the end looked like a cap.____25___one day, just to see what she would do ,I gently ____26__ one on top of the groundhog’s head. Again, not a ___27__, The next time, I had my camera ready to record what you see here, one of several dozen such pictures,____28___she had a slice to eat, she never ___29___ the one of her head. It was a fair __30__ —I got a pleasure, and she had yet another tasty treat.‎ 11. A. avoided B. started C. canceled D. suggested 12. A .business B. fun C. problem D. privilege 13. A. help B. cheat C. threat D. exception 14. A .trust B. miss C. admire D. appreciate 15. A .feared B. ignored C. discovered D. remembered 16. A. proved B. decided C. noticed D. understood 11. A. extreme B. increasing C. additional D. inspiring 12. A. squirrel B. rabbit C. peanut D. carrot 13. A. before long B .long ago C. over and over D. all over again 14. A. eating B. playing C. sitting D. sleeping 15. A. Next B. Once C. Soon D. Lately 16. A. carefully B. suddenly C. violently D. patiently 17. A. also B. thus C. just D. still 18. A .thought B. doubted C. admitted D. recognized 19. A. While B. Or C. So D. For 20. A. fixed B. placed C. hung D. kept 21. A .tremble B. move C. delay D. hesitation 22. A. Even if B. Ever since C.As far as D. So long as 23. A. welcomed B. required C. bothered D. expected ‎30.A .trade B. competition C. task D. affair ‎【答案】11-15 BCCAD 16-20 CBDAA 21-25 BADAC 26-30 BBDCA 三.知识精要 1. 说明文类型的完形填空的解题思路 在说明文型完形填空中，作者一般是首先提出一个要说明的对象，如某种理论、某种方法、某种技巧、某项活动，然后按照时间、空间、事情发展顺序，运用列举、对比、演绎、归纳等方式进行介绍和说明。说明文型完形填空常就某一个问题从不同的角度来加以说明。文章还可以用来说明某一个存在的社会现象、一个产品的制作过程、一个产品的使用方法、某个科学成就或人类生活中所面临的某个具体的难题。对于这一类型的完形填空，对考生而言最重要的还是要抓住作者说明的中心。说明文所呈现的方式往往比较单一，作者往往一开始就交代说明的对象，然后再从不同的角度进行说明。由于以上特点，这类文章的每一段往往就是其中的一个角度或侧面。因此，考生要注意概括每一个段落的主旨大意。在文章每一段的开头或结尾，作者往往会对说明的话题进行概括说明。‎ ‎2.语法 非谓语动词（3）---非谓语动词作状语的辨析 考点聚焦 1. 不定式：一般做目的状语（翻译为“为了。。。”）和结果状语（一般放在逗号后，与only连用，强调出乎意料的结果）‎ ‎(注)：in order to和so as to 也可译为“为了。。。，以便。。。”但in order to 可以位于句首或句中，so as to 不能位于句首。‎ Eg. To complete the task on time , workers had to work overtime.‎ ‎ I hurried to the airport, only to be told the plane had taken off.‎ 2. 分词：可做时间状语、条件状语、原因状语、让步状语、伴随状语或结果状语（分词做结果状语时，一般强调自然而然产生的结果）‎ Eg. Walking on the street yesterday , I heard my name called.(时间状语）‎ ‎ Seen from the top of the mountain, the village seems more beautiful. （条件状语/时间状语）‎ ‎（注）分词做状语时，它的逻辑主语是句子的主语，所以要根据句子的主语来判断主动或被动关系。‎ ‎ The teacher came into the classroom, carrying a large box.(伴随状语）‎ ‎ It has been raining for a week , causing a lot of damage. （结果状语，强调自然而然产生的结果）‎ 四.要点讲练 ‎【要点1】说明文的完形填空：‎ ‎【例题1】（2015广东卷） ‎ How long can human beings live? Most scientists who study old age think that the human body is ___1___ to live no longer than 120 years. However, 110 years is probably the longest that anyone could hope to live —— if he or she is ___2___ healthy and lucky. Some scientists even say we can live as long as 130 years! Yet, our cells simply cannot continue to reproduce ___3___. They wear out, and as a result, we get old and ___4___ die.‎ Even though we can’t live forever, we are living a ___5___ life than ever before. In 1900, the average American life span (寿命) was only 47 years, but today it is 75 years!‎ When does old age begin then? Sixty-five may be out-of-date as the ___6___ line between middle age and old age. After all, many older people don’t begin to experience physical and mental ___7___ until after age 75.‎ People are living longer because more people ___8___ childhood. Before modern medicine ‎ changed the laws of nature, many children died of common childhood ___9___. Now that the chances of dying ___10___ are much lower, the chances of living long are much higher due to better diets and health care.‎ On the whole, our population is getting older. The ___11___ in our population will have lasting effects on our social development and our way of life. Some people fear such changes will be for the worse, while some see ___12___, not disaster, many men and women in their “golden years” are healthy, still active, and young in ___13___ if not in age.‎ As the society grows old, we need the ___14___ of our older citizens. With long lives ahead of them, they need to ___15___ active and devoted.‎ 1. A. designed B. selected C. improved D. discovered 2. A. completely B. generally C. apparently D. extremely 3. A. rapidly B. harmlessly C. endlessly D. separately 4. A. eventually B. hopelessly C. automatically D. desperately 5. A. busier B. longer C. richer D. happier 6. A. finishing B. guiding C. waiting D. dividing 7. A. stress B. damage C. decline D. failure 8. A. survive B. enjoy C. remember D. value 9. A. problems B. fears C. worries D. diseases 10. A. poor B. young C. sick D. quiet 11. A. changes B. recovery C. safety D. increases 12. A. dreams B. chances C. strengths D. choices 13. A. mind B. appearance C. voice D. movement 14. A. protection B. suggestions C. contributions D. permission 15. A. sound B. appear C. turn D. stay 答案与解析：‎ ‎1.【答案】A ‎【解析】考查固定搭配。根据动词短语的固定搭配可以知道，这里表示设定。‎ ‎2.【答案】D ‎【解析】考查副词。根据110 years is the longest that的意思，即一个必须非常健康才可能达到。‎ ‎3.【答案】C ‎【解析】考查副词。根据第一段所述的最长寿命可知，人的细胞不可能无穷无尽的再生可以得知答案。‎ ‎4.【答案】A ‎【解析】考查副词。第一段最后一句，they wear out, and as a result,we get old 的意思可知，人最终是会死亡的。‎ ‎5.【答案】A ‎【解析】考查比较级的用法。……was only 47 years,but today it is 75 years.所以答案是longer。‎ ‎6.【答案】B ‎【解析】考查对上下文的理解。between middle age and old age可以知道这里是说两者的切分点，其他选项不符合语境。‎ ‎7.【答案】C ‎【解析】考查名词。根据第三段最后一句，many older people don’t begin to experience physical and mental……until after age 75可知答案。‎ ‎8.【答案】A ‎【解析】考查动词辨析。根据第四段第一句可知答案。‎ ‎9.【答案】D ‎【解析】考查名词辨析。根据前面内容可知，此处指孩子死于常见的儿童疾病。‎ ‎10.【答案】B ‎【解析】考查对上下文的理解。根据第四段段第一句和第二句话可知，这里指的是儿童的早逝。‎ ‎11.【答案】A ‎【解析】考查名词辨析。根据第五段第一句话同时联系第三句可知，人口结构发生了变化。‎ ‎12.【答案】B ‎【解析】考查名词辨析。根据对上下文的理解，第五段段第一句和第二句话可知，这里指的是人口结构变化带来的机遇。‎ ‎13.【答案】A ‎【解析】考查对上下文的理解。根据前四段可知，这里指的人口年龄和心态。‎ ‎14.【答案】C ‎【解析】考查名词辨析。文章最后一段可知，还有最后一个单词可知答案。‎ ‎15.【答案】D ‎【解析】考查动词辨析。根据语意，老年人需要保持活跃和有贡献可知答案。‎ ‎【例题2】（2017年安徽淮南高三第二次模拟） ‎ Using public toilets in China can often be a challenging undertaking, particularly for those not practiced in the art of sitting deep. 41 researchers in China have come up with a new 42 that ‎ they say can help 43 a poisonous problem bothering China’s public toilets: the overpowering odor (恶臭）.‎ Unlike chemical solutions, 44 are expensive and can 45 ... the environment, the new biotreatment is being thought as a cost-effective way of protecting the environment to 46  75 percent of the bad smell in bathrooms, according to researchers from the Chinese Academy of Sciences.‎ The 47 behind the treatment lies in a special 48 of two types of bacteria — lactobacillius sp (乳杆菌类细菌)and streptococcus thermopiles (嗜热链球菌）一as well as the elements of oranges. The prepared mixture, which comes in liquid or powder form, feeds on human waste when applied, thus 49 the growth of odor-making bacteria. However, not yet available in 50 the odor-killing technology is still undergoing 51 Many experiments with the solution are being 52 in the Huanglong Nature Preserve and Jiuzhaigou National Park.‎ We can see the technology is especially suited for use in the nonflushing (非冲水）toilets often found in these types of nature preserves, since water regulations in these areas are often very 53 一 and pipes are difficult to 54 . Portable bathrooms, while  55 ，are relatively expensive to maintain compared with the biosolution.‎ ‎“This way —56 can see that not only are your 57 nice, but the toilets and the other facilities at the site are pleasant as well and the technology has other 58 as well, such as the treatment of rubbish.” said the administrator of Jiuzhaigou National Park.‎ If 59 to its effectiveness prove true, the technology is likely to be 60 by the Chinese health authorities.‎ ‎41. A. Because B. If C. But D. While ‎42. A. technology B. way C. machine D. psychology ‎43. A. confirm B. analyze C. find out D. deal with ‎44. A. which B. they C. that D. those ‎45. A. benefit B. protect C. harm D. influence ‎46. A. lead to B. take in C. keep out D. make use of ‎47. A. identity B. science C. instruction D. procedure ‎48. A. seed B. poison C. mixture D. discovery ‎49. A. preventing B. keeping C.causing D. forbidding ‎50. A. gardens B. forests C. homes D. supermarkets ‎51. A. discussing B. using C. testing D. analyzing ‎52. A. planned B. simplified C. classified D. debated ‎53. A. strict B. harmonious C. drafted D. canceled ‎54. A. polish B. twist C. make D. fix ‎55. A. optional B. clean C. superb D. convenient ‎56. A. lawyers B. tourists C. burglars D. merchants ‎57 A. goods B. animals C. mountains D. guides ‎58. A. phenomena B. disadvantages C. applications D. characteristics ‎59. A. results B. guesses C. doubts D. claims ‎60. A. accepted B. refused C. abandoned D. banned 答案与解析：‎ ‎41. 【答案】C ‎ 【解析】 考查逻辑关系中的转折关系。‎ ‎42. 【答案】A ‎ ‎ 【解析】 根据第三段中“the odor-killing technology”，与the technology is especially suited for…”提示。‎ ‎43.【答案】D ‎ ‎ 【解析】 根据句意推断为“新技术有助于解决或处理一个严重的问题。”‎ ‎44. 【答案】 A ‎ 【解析】 非限制性定语从句。‎ ‎45. 【答案】 C ‎ 【解析】 根据句型结构和“chemical solutions”说明化学方法有害环境。‎ ‎46. 【答案】 B ‎ 【解析】 新技术能够分解或吸收厕所中75%的臭气。‎ ‎47.【答案】 B ‎ 【解析】这种处理方式背后的科学在于一张混合物质。‎ ‎48. 【答案】 C ‎ 【解析】根据下文提示， “The prepared mixture…”。‎ ‎49. 【答案】A ‎ ‎ 【解析】根据下文推理，抑制产生臭气的细菌生长。‎ ‎50. 【答案】D ‎ ‎ 【解析】只有“supermarkets”是公共场所，才有公共厕所。‎ ‎51. 【答案】C ‎ ‎ 【解析】这种技术正在被测试，因此不能应用到公共厕所。‎ ‎52. 【答案】A ‎ ‎ 【解析】 根据上题推断，有关测试正在风景区计划当中。‎ ‎53. 【答案】A ‎ ‎ 【解析】“由于风景区的用水规定相当严格，水管等安装系统也很难安装。”‎ ‎54. 【答案】 D ‎ 【解析】见53题详解。‎ ‎55. 【答案】 D ‎ 【解析】与生物处理办法相比，便携厕所虽然方便但保养费用相对昂贵。‎ ‎56. 【答案】B ‎ ‎ 【解析】“通过这个办法，游客会发现，不仅你这里的山美，景区的厕所和其他设施也很好”。‎ ‎57. 【答案】 C ‎ 【解析】见56题。‎ ‎58. 【答案】 C ‎ 【解析】“该技术还有其他用途，比如应用于垃圾处理”。‎ ‎59. 【答案】 D ‎ 【解析】 根据上文推理，“如果事实证明，关于其有效性的说法是真的，该技术可能会被中国卫生机构全面采纳。”‎ ‎60. 【答案】A ‎ ‎ 【解析】 见59题。‎ ‎【例题3】（2015河南开封二模）‎ It can be hard to decide which food to buy in an American grocery store these days. The information on many products makes   51  claims.The label “organic (有机的)”   52   that the United States Department of Agriculture recognized the product was grown under special conditions. If the food is grown   53   , it shows the words “USDA organic ” on it. This is an official label. ‎ The food is grown without chemical treatment against insects or   54   . It is grown without chemical fertilizers. Before a product can be labeled“organic,” a(n)   55   will visit the farm where the food is produced to make sure the farm 56 USDA standards. Organic meat, poultry, eggs and dairy products come from 57 that are given no antibiotics (抗生素), must be fed organic food and have   58   to the outdoors.‎ No conclusive   59  shows that organic food is more nutritious than traditionally grown food. And the USDA—even if it proves organic food—doesn’t 60 claim that these products are safer or more nutritious. Organic foods meet the same 61 and safety standards as traditional foods. The difference   62   how the food is produced, processed and handled. Some people buy organic food for   63   reasons. Organic food is produced by 64 who emphasize the use of renewable ‎ resources. The prices between most organic food and 65 food vary. Higher prices are due to more expensive farming 66 . A lot of work must be done every day.‎ The new USDA’s national organic programme for labeling is 67 at enabling consumers to make a(n)   68   choice among the foods they purchase and also include the safeguard against  69 . People who sell or label a product “organic” when they know it does not meet USDA standards can be   70   up to $11,000 .‎ ‎51. A. unbelievable          B. false                 C. different                 D. flexible ‎52. A. predicts              B. proves           C. proposes               D. doubts ‎53. A. on the contrary                B. in any case       C. in turn                   D. in this way ‎54. A. diseases          B. operations         C. activities                 D. services ‎55. A. protector             B. reminder            C. inspector             D. volunteer ‎56. A. presents               B. opposes              C. protects                D. meets ‎57. A. plants                B. villages                 C. animals                D. farms ‎58. A. solution            B.access                C. entrance             D. direction ‎59. A. agreement                    B. concept           C. expectation             D. evidence ‎60. A. publicly                B. soon                    C. secretly                 D. anxiously  ‎ ‎61. A. shape                  B. fashion               C. quality               D. size ‎62. A.lies in                     B. consists of           C. knows about          D. puzzles about ‎63. A. financial                 B. social               C. cultural                    D. environmental ‎64. A.sellers               B. farmers   C. drivers              D. buyers ‎65. A. fresh                B. delicious              C. traditional                 D. new ‎66. A. practices B.tools C.chemicals D. machines ‎67.A. surprised B.laughed C.aimed D.delighted ‎68. A. active B.potential C. wrong D.sensible ‎69 A.limitation B.misrepresentation C.reservation D. reaction ‎70. A. awarded B. given C.fined D. spared 答案与解析：‎ ‎51.【答案】C ‎ 【解析】由前文的It can be hard to decide可知选C。‎ ‎52.【答案】B ‎ ‎【解析】由前文的claims可知选B。 ‎ ‎53.【答案】D ‎ ‎【解析】由前文的grown under special conditions可知选D。‎ ‎54.【答案】A ‎ ‎【解析】由insects 可知选A。 ‎ ‎55.【答案】C ‎ ‎【解析】此处指美国农业部门的检查员检查后才会给予有机食物标签。‎ ‎56.【答案】D ‎ ‎【解析】由空后的USDA standards可知选D。 ‎ ‎57.【答案】C ‎【解析】由前文的Organic meat, poultry, eggs and dairy products可知选C。 ‎ ‎58.【答案】B ‎ ‎【解析】根据空后的the outdoors可知选B。‎ ‎59.【答案】D ‎【解析】根据空后面的内容可知选D。‎ ‎60.【答案】A ‎【解析】根据前后句意选A。‎ ‎61.【答案】C ‎ ‎【解析】由下文的 safety standards可知选C。 ‎ ‎62.【答案】A ‎ ‎【解析】根据句意，不同之处在于食物是怎样被产生，加工和处理的。故选A。 ‎ ‎63.【答案】D ‎ ‎【解析】由下文的the use of renewable resources可知选D。 ‎ ‎64.【答案】B ‎【解析】根据句意有机食物由重视使用可再生资源的农民产生，故选B。‎ ‎65.【答案】C ‎ ‎【解析】此处是指有机食物和传统食物的价格不用，故选C。 ‎ ‎66.【答案】A ‎ ‎【解析】farming practices 引申为农业劳动。‎ ‎67.【答案】C ‎【解析】be aimed at doing固定结构，以。。。为目标。 ‎ ‎68.【答案】D ‎ ‎【解析】make a sensible choice做出理性选择。‎ ‎69.【答案】B ‎ ‎【解析】根据下文的描述可知选B。‎ ‎70.【答案】C ‎ ‎【解析】根据空后的up to $11,000 可知选C。‎ ‎【例题4】（2015重庆卷）‎ ‎   Imagine the first days in a new time zone. Slow to respond to the     1   , your body clock is confused. You’re sleepy all day, but when it’s time for bed, you can hardly fall asleep. Obviously you are  2  jet lag（时差反应）.‎ Travelers have traditionally fought this     3    with sleeping pills or alcohol. There are actually healthier ways that can work just as  4.‎ For example, the moment you get on the airplane, start     5   your biological block to the destination’s time. If it’s daytime in your destination, try to stay     6   . Walking around the cabin（客舱） can be of help. When it’s nighttime, try to sleep. In that case, eat before the flight,      7  an empty stomach will prevent you from sleeping. These tips will help you start a new  8    of sleep and wakefulness.‎ ‎1.A. flight    B. change    C. demand    D. climate ‎2.A. suffering from B. working on   C. looking into   D. leading to ‎3.A. danger   B. problem   C. waste        D. fear ‎4.A. briefly   B. slowly    C. suddenly    D. effectively ‎5.A. checking   B. sending   C. adjusting    D. stopping ‎6.A. awake   B. alone    C. hungry    D. calm ‎7.A. though   B. so    C. whole        D. or ‎8.A. understanding B. cycle    C. research    D. trend 答案与解析：‎ ‎1.【答案】B ‎【解析】根据上下文可知，到达新时区后，体内的生物钟会混乱，此处指的是身体对这种时间的改变反应很慢。‎ ‎2.【答案】A ‎【解析】考查基本句意。根据上文可知，到达新时区后，白天会困，而到了睡觉时间却几乎不能入睡，由此可知，这是在遭受时差反应之苦。‎ ‎3.【答案】B ‎【解析】考查基本句意。根据上文可知，人们会遭受时差反应之苦，因此，旅行者习惯上会使用安眠药或者酒精来与这种问题作斗争。‎ ‎4.【答案】D ‎【解析】根据语境可知相比于使用安眠药或酒精来对抗时差反应，实际上有更健康的方法，且同样有效。‎ ‎5.【答案】C ‎【解析】根据上下文可知，作者提到的更健康的方法是一上飞机，就开始把你的生物钟调整到目的地的时间。‎ ‎6.【答案】A ‎【解析】考查对上下文的理解。根据上文中提到的把你的生物钟调整到目的地的时间可知，如果到达目的地是白天，就尽力保持清醒，不要睡觉。‎ ‎7.【答案】D ‎【解析】根据语境可知，空格前为祈使句，意为在飞行前吃东西，空格后意为空腹会让你睡不着，故空格处应填并列连词or。‎ ‎8.【答案】B ‎【解析】根据上文可知，作者提出了适应时区变化的建议，即改变作息时间，这是一个不同于以往的新的生物钟循环。‎ ‎【例题5】（2015上海卷）‎ If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect interest in romance among the artists.   1  , you would see plenty of animals with people running after them. Life for ancient people’s earned to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.‎ In modern times, when food is available in grocery stores, finding love is more   2  in people’s lives. The  3   is all around us. It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love. An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture.‎ Researchers are studying whether love, a highly valued emotional state, can be  4   . They ask, what is love? Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth, but clean teeth go only so far. Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved. You have probably heard that opposites attract but that   5  attract, too. One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yet set in stone.‎ First Impression To help determine the   6  of attraction, researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes so they could get a sense of each other’s individuality. Then students were asked to   7  what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners. After nine weeks, they reported what happened.‎ As it turned out, their   8  judgments often held true. Students seemed to  9   at an early stage who would best fit into their lives.‎ The   10  Knows Scientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction. Many animals give off pheromones — natural chemicals that can be detected by, and then can produce a response in, other animals of the same species. Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling   11  to partnerships. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as  12   as other animals at detecting such chemicals. Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction.Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously, we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people.‎ Face Value Being fond of someone seems to have a number of factors, including seeing something we find attractive. Researchers had people judge faces for    13     . The participants had 0.013 seconds to view each face, yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces. The way we     14      attractiveness seem to be somewhat automatic.‎ ‎   When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations, people responded to    15   words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.‎ ‎1.A. Instead        B. Therefore     C. Moreover      D. Otherwise ‎2.A. romantic   B. stressful      C. central    D. beneficial ‎3.A. priority     B. proof     C. possibility   D. principle ‎4.A. tested      B. imposed    C. changed       D. created ‎5.A. appearances B. virtues    C. similarities   D. passions ‎6.A. illustrations   B. implications C. ingredients   D. intentions ‎7.A. predict      B. investigate    C. diagnose     D. recall ‎8.A. critical      B. initial       C. random   D. mature ‎9.A. memorize    B. distinguish   C. negotiate      D. question ‎10.A. Nose       B. Eye          C. Heart         D. Hand ‎11.A. open       B. alert         C. resistant   D. superior ‎12.A. disappointed  B. amazed      C. confused     D. gifted ‎13.A. emotion     B. attractiveness C. individuality  D. signals ‎14.A. enhance     B. possess         C. maintain   D. assess ‎15.A. familiar      B. plain       C. positive   D. insulting 答案与解析：‎ ‎1.【答案】A ‎ ‎ 【解析】根据空格前后表示逻辑上的转折关系，故选A。‎ ‎2.【答案】C ‎ ‎【解析】考查基本句意，根据上文Life for ancient people’s earned to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.可知，古代的人们似乎只关注打猎和食物，而现代人们由于物质丰富，所以会更多地关注爱这个主题。‎ ‎3.【答案】B ‎ ‎【解析】考查句意。根据下文An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture.可知，现代人追求爱的例子随处可见。‎ ‎4.【答案】D ‎ ‎【解析】根据下文They ask, what is love?和牙膏公司对吸引力的理解可知，研究人员在研究：爱是否可以被创造，哪些因素会产生爱。 ‎ ‎5.【答案】C ‎ ‎【解析】根据前后语境可知此处指性情相反能产生爱，但性情相似也能产生爱。‎ ‎6.【答案】C ‎ ‎【解析】根据上文牙膏公司认为洁白的牙齿有吸引力可推知，此处表示研究员研究能产生爱的因素。 ‎ ‎7.【答案】A ‎ ‎【解析】根据语境可知，此处指研究人员让学生们预测一下他们会与同伴发展为什么样的关系。‎ ‎ 8.【答案】B ‎ ‎【解析】根据语境可推知，此处表示研究者们通过研究证明学生最初的判断是正确的。下一句是研究者们的判断。‎ ‎9.【答案】B ‎【解析】根据语境可知，此处指学生们可以通过第一印象辨明谁最适合作为伴侣。‎ ‎10.【答案】A ‎【解析】根据下文Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction.可知，嗅觉能影响吸引力。‎ ‎11.【答案】A ‎ ‎【解析】根据语境可推知，空格处与fight 形成对比，表示友好。 ‎ ‎12.【答案】D ‎ ‎【解析】根据语境可知，人类没有动物那样的天赋，对外激素没有那么敏感。‎ ‎13.【答案】B ‎ ‎【解析】根据本段标题和上文including seeing something可知，研究人员让人们通过容貌来判断其吸引力，与下文 The way we     14      attractiveness s相呼应。 ‎ ‎14.【答案】D ‎ ‎【解析】由上文Researchers had people judge faces for    13     . 和本段标题可知，此处通过外貌来评价和判断吸引力。 ‎ ‎15.【答案】C ‎ ‎【解析】由后面的Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.‎ 可知对于有吸引力的容貌，人们能更快地用积极的言语进行回应和评价，故选C ‎ ‎【要点2】非谓语动词作状语的辨析 ‎【例题1】The cooling wind swept through out bedroom windows, ____ （make）air conditioning unnecessary.‎ ‎【答案】making ‎【解析】根据该空的位置及句中是否有谓语动词来分析，此处应该填非谓语动词。逗号后一般填doing，做伴随或结果状语，此处做结果状语。‎ ‎【例题2】He glanced at her, ______(note) that though she was tiny, she seemed very well put together.‎ ‎【答案】noting ‎【解析】解析同上。，此处做伴随状语 ‎【例题3】________ (tell) many times, he still repeated the same mistakes.‎ ‎【答案】Having been told ‎【解析】此处是非谓语动词作状语，根据意思“尽管已经被告诉很多次了，但是他仍然重复同样的错误”所以应该用现在分词的被动式。‎ 五.模块自测 I.完形填空：（ 2014重庆卷 ）B ‎ Cultural difference occur wherever you go. When visiting another country you should be aware of those differences and 28 them. Here are some 29 on how to fit in.‎ Every traveler to a foreign country feels 30 at some point. What you do can make locals laugh. Your best defense is a sense of 31 . If you can laugh off eating with the wrong hand in India, locals will warm to you as "that crazy foreigner."‎ ‎ Wearing proper clothes is important too . 32 locals will judge you by what you wear. In some Middle Eastern countries, exposing your flesh is 33 , especially if you are a woman . So leave your torn jeans at home.‎ ‎ Also be cautious about expressing 34 . Getting angry in Southeast Asia just makes you look silly. In some countries it is 35 to kiss in public.‎ ‎28. A. reject B. recite C. respect D. remove.‎ ‎29. A. plans B. tips C. arguments D. choices ‎30. A. unsafe B. excited C. satisfied D. awkward ‎3l. A. relief B. belonging C. humor D. direction ‎32. A. but B. for C.so D. or ‎33. A. forbidden B. allowed C. expected D. tolerated ‎34. A. emotions B. concern C. interest D. Views ‎35. A. natural B. advisable C. unwise D. Unnecessary ‎【答案】 28．C 29，B 30．D 31．C 32．B 33．A 34．A 35．C II.语法填空 ‎1. （learn） more about Chinese culture, Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.‎ ‎2.Like ancient sailors,birds can find their way________（use）the sun and the stars．‎ ‎3.________（raise）in the poorest area of Glasgow,he had a long,hand road to becoming a football star.‎ ‎4.Children，when （accompany）by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.‎ ‎5.There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland, _____（stare）at the night sky.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎1. To learn ‎2. using ‎3.Raised ‎ ‎4. accompanied ‎5.staring