- 1.72 MB
- 2021-05-06 发布
基本解题技巧指导
2018届 二轮复习 完形填空
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一、近年高考“完形填空” 命题特点
:
1.
短文难度与教材课文难易基本相当。
2.
短文选材以小故事为主，内容贴近时代生活，往往揭示一个简单道理。
3.
首句不设空，体现文章的题材、体裁，揭示文章的主旨大意。
4.
主要考查上下文
语境理解
能力（占
70%-90%
）
,
纯语法或搭配的考查相对很少
.
5.
词汇考查以
实词
（动、名、形、副）为主
,
虚词为辅
.
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二、常用解题技巧
1
、
上下文语境
法
2
、
习惯搭配
法
3
、
词义辨析法
4
、
逻辑推理法
5
、
常识背景
法
3
1
、根据上下文语境解题
断章取义，忽视上下文信息提示是学生常犯的错误。这种上下文
信息提示
有两种：
（
1
）提示在前
（例）
About ten years ago,a
young and very successful manager named Josh was traveling down a Chicago neighborhood street. He was going a bit fast in his
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car.
( )21 A old B expensive C second-hand D slow
(2)
提示在后
Many old people don’t have good
2
.They
can’t watch TV, but they can listen to the music.
( )2
、
A. hearing B. health C. eyesight D. time
——————————
——————
———————
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2.
根据常识背景解题
In the summer vacation of 1997, I was fixed with a job. I worked as a (n)
36
at Mr. Breen’s shop.
( ) 36. A. operator B. assistant
C. waiter D. secretary
.
———
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3.
根据词汇意义及词语辨析解题
近年高考完形填空的显著特征就是四个选项形式完全相同，在语法上都正确，关键在词义辨析、同近义词语辨析上下功夫。
……. But I was going along cheerfully, thinking about the dinner I would eat when I
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to Salisbury.
（ ）
36. A. reached B. arrived
C. got D. led
___
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4
、逻辑分析法
理清文章的脉络，弄清上下文的关系
。
It has been many years since I was
last in London
＿＿
I still remember
something that happened during that visit.
(
)
A. and B. for C. but D. as
————————
———————————
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5
、
固定搭配法
多倾向考查动词、名词、形容词与介词的搭配及典型句子结构的搭配
Here’s a fellow who just walked into a bank and helped himself
＿＿
so much money.
( ) A. for B. by C. to D. of
C
。固定搭配：表示“自取，随便拿”这个意义的短语是
help oneself to…
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1.
跳读首尾句，判断文体，预测主题
重视首句
/
首段信息
若首句交代了
when, where , who, what
，很可能就是一个故事，其结尾往往出人意料或耐人寻味。若首句提出或解释说明某事物，一般是说明文；若首句提出一个论点，就是议论文。
It was a busy morning
，
about 8:30. when an elderly gentleman in his 80s came to the hospital
.
完形填空解题步骤
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2.
通读全文，领会大意（
4
－
6
分钟）
注意
：
跳过空格
、通读全文、把握大意。要在阅读
理解
短文意思的基础上才开始判定选择，切忌仓促下笔。
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3.
逐句阅读，选出答案 （
5
－
7
分钟）
注意：
瞻前顾后、通篇考虑、先易后难。
对一下子不能确定答案的，先跳过这一空格。
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4.
猜测难点、整体复查（
2
－
3
分钟）
复读全文、逐空验证、弥补疏漏
。
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It was a busy morning
，
about 8:30, when an elderly gentleman in his 80s came to the hospital . I heard him saying to the nurse that he was in a hurry for an appointment(
约会
)at 9:30.
The nurse had him take a
36
in the waiting area,
37
him it would be at least 40 minutes
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someone would be able to see him.I
saw him
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his watch and decided
，
since I was
40
busy—my patient didn’t
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at the appointed hour, I would examine his wound . While taking care of his wound, I asked him if he had another doctor’s appointment.
The gentleman said no and told me that he
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to go to the nursing home to eat breakfast with his
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.
He told me that she had been
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for a while and that she had a special disease.I
asked if she would be
45
if he was a bit late. He replied that she
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knew who he was
，
and that she had not been able to
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him for five years now. I was
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, and asked him
，“
And you
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go every morning
，
even though she doesn’t know who you are?”
He smiled and said, “She doesn’t know me ,but I know who she is .” I had to hold back
50
as he left.
Now I
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that in marriages
，
true love is
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of all that is .The happiest people don’t
53
have the best of everything
；
they just
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the best of everything they have.
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isn’t about how to live through the storm
，
but how to dance in the rain.
try your best
﹗
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Check your answers:
36-40 CDBCD 41-45 AABDB 46-50 CACDB 51-55 ACABD
你的理解水平为：
对
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个以上，恭喜！！表扬一下自己！
11—
15
，
恩，还不错！
10
个以下：要加油了
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Discuss your problems in groups of two or four.
小组活动
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长难句解析
The nurse had him take a
36
in the waiting area area
，
37
him it would be at least 40 minutes
38
someone would be able to see him
.
36
、
A breath B.test
C seat D break
37
、
A persuading B promising
C understanding D telling
38
、
A if B before C since D after
—————————————
（
上下文语境
）
（常识＋词义辨析）
√
√
√
固定搭配
: It will be…before
“……
之后，才”
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技巧总结
：
Sum up the approaches to solving the problems
方法运用
小题
一、上下文语境
二、常识＋逻辑推理
三、固定搭配
（句型、短语）
四、词义辨析
41
、
53
36
、
39
、
40
、
42
、
43
、
44
、
46
、
47
、
48
、
49
、
50
、
52
、
55
37
、
45
、
50
、
51
38
、
It would be …before
54
、
make the best of
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助你提升
1.
针对训练：针对练习代替题海战术，每天练习不同体裁、题材的文章，提高解题技能。
2
、提高解题速度：限时练习（
15
分钟以内） 代替无限制的时间浪费。
3
、提高准确率：高效练习代替每天盲目练习
N
道题。
广泛涉猎，限时训练，提高完型答题准确率才是拿高分的正途
Tips:
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Homework：
1.
对课堂练习中出现的典型错误进行分类整理
,
找出原因
,
认真纠正
.
2
、限时完成一道“完形填空” 题
,
巩固学习效果
,
提高实际做题水平
.
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Thank you!
Good-bye
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