2020届二轮复习专题二完形填空第二讲语境暗示课件 12页

第二讲　语境暗示 文章是一个具有内在联系的整体，而上下文则是营造语境的基础，也是逻辑推理的依据。通读全文，理顺大意，根据上下文找出信息词是做好完形填空题的关键。近年来，高考试题中的完形填空题在命题设计上的趋势是朝着深层化及语境化的方面挖掘，逐渐摈弃单纯的语言分析考查，而越来越侧重逻辑推理判断。因此，只有借助上下文乃至全文语境的启示或限定才能够准确做出判断。 1. 上文提示 [ 典例 1 ] 　 (2019· 江苏卷 ) “Our hair was fried and falling out, nails broken, clothes __ 51 __ to a thread, but we were alive.” 51.A.sewn B.washed C.worn D.ironed 答案　 C 　 [ 根据语境和空前的 “ Our hair was fried and falling out ， nails broken ” 可知，此处在描述他们旅途的艰辛。故选择 worn 表示衣服破了。 ] [ 典例 2 ] 　 (2019· 天津卷 ) I was ready to pay for my bananas at the grocery one night, when fear seized me.My wallet was gone.I could only have left it on the G9 bus, which was now speeding in the dark to some __ 16 __ station. The __ 17 __ moment was quickly followed by mental math. 16.A.accessible B.hidden C.unknown D.convenient 答案　 C 　 [ 作者发现自己的钱包不见了的时候， G9 公交车正在夜幕中 (in the dark) 快速行驶 (was now speeding) ，这里表示公交车正驶向某一个 (some) 未知的 (unknown) 车站，因此选 C 。 accessible 可进入的； hidden 被隐藏的； convenient 便利的，均不符合此处的语境。 ] 17.A.face-saving B.brain -washing C.eye -catching D.heart -stopping 答案　 D 　 [ 前文说作者发现自己钱包丢失的时候感到害怕 (fear seized me) ， heart-stopping 表示 “ 令人非常害怕的 ” ，与前文的 fear 在含义上是一致的，因此选 D 。 face-saving 保全面子的； brain-washing 洗脑的； eye-catching 引人注目的，均不符合此处的语境。 ] 2. 下文提示 [ 典例 3 ] 　 (2017· 江苏卷 ) For a long time Gabriel didn’t want to be involved in music at all.In his first years of high school ， Gabriel would look pityingly at the music students ， __ 36 __ across the campus with their heavy instrument cases ， __ 37 __ at school for practice hours 38.before anyone else had to be there. 36.A.travelling B.marching C.pacing D.struggling 答案　 D 　 [ 根据 “ with their heavy instrument cases ” 可知，每天上学的时候， Gabriel 总是同情地看着背着沉重乐器的同学们艰难地穿梭于校园中， struggle “ 努力，艰难地行进，斗争 ” ，符合语境。 ] 37.A.rising up B.coming up C.driving up D.turning up 答案　 D 　 [ 根据 “ __ 37 __ at school for practice hours __ 38 __ anyone else ” 可知，为了练习弹奏乐器学习音乐的同学需要比不学音乐的早到学校几个小时。 turn up “ 出现 ” ，符合语境。 ] [ 典例 4 ] 　 (2019· 全国卷 Ⅰ ) However, I soon __ 45 __ that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of __ 46 __ among tons of rubbish.I find a 47.clean mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. 45.A.discover B.argue C.decide D.advocate 46.A.equipment B.grass C.camps D.stones 答案　 A 　 [ 联系下文的 “ much has changed” 可知，作者发现 (discover) 了乞力马扎罗山的变化。 argue 争论； decide 决定； advocate 提倡。 ] 答案 　 C 　 [ 联系下文中的 “ with toilets at camps ” 可知，这里报道的是营地 (camp) 。 ] 3. 上下文提示 [ 典例 5 ] 　 (2019· 全国卷 Ⅱ ) He had 43.tried to coax ( 哄 ) the dog to him but ， frightened ， it had 44.run __ off . ... After a long and careful __ 47 __ ， Greg saw ， across a field, the dog moving __ 48 __ away. 47.A.preparation B.explanation C.test D.search 答案　 D 　 [ 结合前面的 “ After a long and careful ” 和后面的 “ Greg saw ， across a field ， the dog moving ________ away ” 可知，经过长时间的仔细搜索 (search) ， Greg 看见了那条狗。 preparation 准备； explanation 解释； test 测试。 ] 48.A.cautiously B.casually C.skillfully D.angrily 答案　 A 　 [ 根据第一段最后一句中的 “ frightened ” 和下文的 “ nervousness and fear ” 可知，那条狗受到惊吓，感到紧张不安和恐惧，因此当 Greg 看见它的时候，它正小心谨慎地 (cautiously) 移动。 casually 随便地； skillfully 巧妙地，精巧地； angrily 生气地。 ] [ 典例 6 ] 　 (2018· 江苏卷 ) During the journey, Raynor began a career as a nature writer.She writes, “52. Homelessness had taken every material thing from me and left me torn bare, an empty page at the end of a(n ) __ 53 __ written book.It had also given me a 54.choice, __either to leave that page 55.blank or to keep writing the story with hope.I chose hope.” 53.A.well B.partly C.neatly D.originally 答案　 B 　 [ 根据上文中的 “ nature writer ” 和下文中的 “ leave that page 55.blank or to keep writing the story ” 可知，此处表示这本书还未完成，即部分未完成的书。因此选择 partly 。 ]