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2018届 语法二轮复习特殊句式：强调句和倒装句
(一)强 调
要点回顾
①She realized that it was not the words but the way she spoke to Bruce that hurt him.(2014·厦门适应性考试)
她意识到不是她说的话，而是她对布鲁斯说话的方式伤害了他。
②It is the manager rather than the workers that is to blame for the accident. They just carried out the plan as told.
是经理而不是工人该为事故负责任。他们只是按被告知的执行计划。
③It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.
直到她摘下墨镜，我才认出她是一位著名的电影明星。
④How was it that your brother managed to pass the math exam last week? He’s always so lazy.(2014·长沙模考)
你的哥哥是如何通过上周的数学考试的？他总是那么懒。
⑤I do hope you can take my plan into consideration.
我的确希望你能考虑我的计划。
1．强调句型的基本构成是“It is/was＋被强调的部分＋that/who＋其他部分”。被强调的部分可以是主语、宾语和状语等。
2．如果原句中含有“not ... until”，在强调时间状语时，将主句中的否定词not连同状语一起提前。
3．强调句型的一般疑问句只需将is/was提前；特殊疑问句的结构是“
疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that从句”。
4．do/does/did强调句型：do/does/did只能对谓语进行强调，且只能用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定句中。
考点搜索
考点一强调句型的基本用法
1．(2014·武汉调研)It was only after he had read the papers that_he_realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.(realize)
看到那些文件后，他才意识到他面前的任务完成起来是极其困难的。
2．(2014·随州调研)The patient looks much better.What_is_it_that has made him what he is today？(what)
那个病人看上去好多了。是什么让他变成今天这样的呢？
考点二not until的强调句型
3．(2014·黄石调研)It was not until near the end of the letter that_she_mentioned_her_own_
plan.(mention)
直到将近信的结尾她才提及了自己的计划。
(二)倒 装
要点回顾
一、完全倒装
①For a moment nothing happened.Then came voices all shouting together. (2009·福建高考)
一会儿没发生什么事情。接下来传来了一起喊的声音。
②Hearing the dog barking fiercely, away fled the thief.(2009·上海高考)
听到狗的狂叫声，小偷逃掉了。
③Present at the meeting were some scientists from China.
许多来自中国的科学家出席了会议。
④Away they went.
他们走了。
在英语中，把谓语全部放在主语之前的倒装句，称为完全倒装句。常见的完全倒装句有以下几种：
1．表示方位或时间的副词或介词短语，如here, there, then, up, down, in, away, off, out, in the room, on the wall等置于句首，且主语是名词时。
2．若把作表语的形容词、分词或介词短语置于句首时，用完全倒装句。
[点津] 主语是代词时不倒装。
二、部分倒装
①Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours did they reach a decision. (2011·湖南高考)
直到他们讨论那个问题几个小时之后才作出决定。
②Only with the greatest of luck did she manage to escape from the rising flood waters. (2012·上海高考)
她设法逃离了不断上涨的洪水只是幸运而已。
③—Shall we take some apples with us?
—No, at no time is food allowed in the library.(2014·沈阳、大连联考)
——我们可以随身带些苹果吗？
——不，图书馆绝不允许带食物。
④—It’s nice. Never before have I had such a special drink!
—I’m glad you like it. (2011·福建高考)
——太好喝了。我以前从未喝过这样特别的饮料！
——你喜欢我很高兴。
⑤Not until he left his home did he begin to know how important the family was for him.(2010·江西高考)
直到他离开家，他才开始知道家庭对他来说有多么重要。
1．only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句，且放在句首时句子使用部分倒装。
2．否定副词never, nor, not, hardly, little，seldom, scarcely, rarely及表否定意义的介词短语at no time, under/in no circumstances, in no case, by no means, on no condition等置于句首时，句子使用部分倒装。
三、部分倒装的特殊句式
①They love having lots of friends; so do those with disabilities.
他们喜欢有很多朋友，那些身有残疾的人也是如此。
②Since my return to China, I haven’t seen my host mother in America nor/neither (have I heard) from her.
自从我回到中国之后就没有见过我在美国的房东妈妈，也没有收到她的来信。
③So clearly does he speak English that he can always make himself understood.
他说英语说得如此清晰，以至于别人都能听得懂。
④Not only will help be given to people to find jobs, but also medical treatment will be provided for people who need it.
不仅要给那些找工作的人提供帮助，而且也要给那些需要帮助的人提供医疗保健服务。
⑤Try as she might, Sue couldn’t get the door open.(2011·新课标全国卷)
虽然休努力尝试了，但是她无法打开门。
⑥It is said that no sooner had the game started than it began to rain.
据说比赛刚一开始就开始下雨了。(2014·哈尔滨四校统一检测)
1．表示前面所说的情况也适合于后者时，用倒装结构“so/neither/nor＋助动词/系动词/情态动词＋主语”(so表示肯定意义，neither/nor表示否定意义)。
2．在so ...that ...和such ...that ...句式中，如果so或such引导的部分位于句首时，主句中的主语和谓语需要部分倒装。
3．not only ...but also ...连接两个并列分句，not only置于句首时，它所在的分句使用部分倒装。
4．as/though引导让步状语从句时，可将表语、状语或谓语动词提前，构成倒装。句式为：表语、状语或动词原形＋as/though＋主语＋其他。(though引导的从句也可用正常语序)
5．hardly ...when ...; no sooner ...than ...; scarcely ...when ...刚……就……，hardly/scarcely/no sooner位于句首时，前一个句子用部分倒装，后一个句子不倒装，且主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。
考点搜索
考点一完全倒装
1．(2014·宜昌调研)John opened the door. There stood_a_girl he had never seen before.
(stand)
约翰打开门，他从来没见过的一位女孩站在那儿。
2．(2014·孝感调研)Just in front of the bus lies/lay_an_injured_man,_all covered with blood.
(lie)
公共汽车的前面躺着一个受伤的人，浑身是血。
考点二部分倒装
3．(2014·武汉调研)So suddenly did_they_attack that the enemy had no time to escape.(attack)
他们突然进攻，以至于敌人来不及逃跑。
4．(湖北高考)Not until two days after the earthquake did_she_find her mother alive.(find)
直到地震后的第三天，她才发现她的妈妈还活着。
考点三as/though表示“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句时用部分倒装
5．(2014·荆州调研)Unsatisfied as/though_he_was with the payment,
he took the job just to get some work experience.(be)
虽然他对那份工作的报酬不满意，但为了得到一些工作经验他还是接受了它。
考点四“only＋状语”置于句首时，句子用部分倒装
6．(湖北高考)Only if people of all the countries are united can_we_solve the existing problems in the world.(solve)
只有各国人民团结起来，我们才能解决世界上存在的问题。
综合检测
1．(2014·荆州调研)Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent can_the_patients_be_treated properly in this hospital.(treat)
只有增加50%的医生，病人才能在这家医院得到妥善治疗。
2．It is not their interest but the need of the market that_influences students' choices of college majors.(influence)
不是兴趣而是市场需求影响着大学生的择业选择。
3．(2014·武昌区调研)Then came_the_disturbing_news that Dolly had become seriously ill.(disturbing)
然后传来了多莉病重的令人不安的消息。
4．(2014·黄冈适应性考试)Seldom did_we_see each other any more though we studied and lived in the same town.(see)
即使我们生活、学习在同一座城市，我们也很少见面。
5．(2014·黄石调研)So addicted_was_he_to playing computer games that he neglected his study and fell behind.(addicted)
他如此沉迷于玩电脑游戏以致荒废了学业，成绩掉队。
6．I've tried hard to improve my English.But by no means
are_my_parents_satisfied_with my progress.(satisfy)
我努力地提高我的英语水平，但是我的父母对我的进步一点都不满意。
7．(2014·武昌区调研)Do you still remember when_it_was that your mother showed you around the Great Wall? (when)
你还记得你母亲究竟是何时带你参观长城的吗？
8．Not until I came home last night did_my_child_finish his homework.He was very tired.(finish)
昨晚直到我回到家我的孩子才完成了作业，他非常疲惫。
9．—The thread of my kite broke and it flew away.
—I had told you it would easily break where_it_was the weakest.(be)
——我的风筝线断了，它飞走了。
——我早就告诉过你，线最细的地方容易断。
10．(2014·黄冈适应性考试)All the people concerned are wondering who_it_was that let out the details of the draft plan.(who)
所有相关的人都想知道究竟是谁泄露了计划草案的细节。