中考时态考点梳理2015 9页

中考时态考点梳理 动词时态是各地中考试题中必考的知识点，也是考查的重点。然而，初中英语时态多达八种，并且近几年中考在考查时态时，形式灵活多样，尤其是我们河北省近几年的中考，多体现在上下文语境中，这样无形中就增加了试题的难度，使得一些考生总感觉时态题不可捉摸，无规律可循。其实，你只要弄清楚了时态题的命题方法和解题方法，也就不难了。‎ 一、巧抓时间标志词，快解时态题 由于绝大多数的中考英语试卷同时具有毕业检测与升学选拔的双重功效，所以对时态的考查在很大程度上还是停留在识记和简单应用的层次上。为此，命题人在命题时，往往会借助一些关键的时间标志词来给考生以解题的“暗示”。所以，同学们在解题时，应该抓住关键“时间类标志词”，从而达到快解时态题的“神效”。‎ ‎【中考例题】‎ ‎ 1. (2015陕西) Many city people ______ their bikes to work every day.‎ ‎ A. ride B. will ride C. rode D. have ridden ‎ 2. (2015武汉) —A nice car! Is it yours?‎ ‎—No, it isn’t. I ______ it from a friend of mine two days ago.‎ ‎ A. borrow B. have borrowed C. will borrow D. borrowed ‎ 3. (2015黄石) The writer and speaker ______ a speech on Chinese culture in the hall now.‎ ‎ A. are giving B. is giving C. will give D. has given ‎ 4. (2015齐齐哈尔) Alice ______ for the bus at seven yesterday morning.‎ ‎ A. waited B. was waiting C. is waiting D. will wait ‎ 5. (2015福州) So far, the AIIB (亚投行) ______ 57 countries to be the founding members.‎ ‎ A. attracted B. has attracted C. will attract D. is attracting ‎ 6. (2015龙东) By the time I got back to school, the bell ______.‎ ‎ A. rang B. has rung C. had rung D. will ring ‎ 7. (2015抚顺) —Why are you so happy? —My friend ______ me next month.‎ ‎ A. visits B. was visiting C. will visit D. visited ‎【知识锦囊】‎ ‎ 动词时态一般都有其相对应的时间状语，请熟记下列时态所对应的时间状语。‎ 时态 时间状语 一般现在时 often, always, usually, sometimes, never, once a week, twice a year, every day, every week等 一般过去时 then, just now, yesterday, last night, a few days ago等 现在进行时 now, right now, at the moment, this week, these days等 过去进行时 then, at that time, this time yesterday, from 8 to 10 yesterday morning等 现在完成时 already, just, yet, never, recently, lately, up to / till now, so far, in the past / last few months / years,“for +一段时间”,“since +过去的时间点”等 过去完成时 before, by, by the time, by the end of last month / year等 一般将来时 tomorrow, next Friday / week / year, in the future,“in +一段时间”等 过去将来时 the next day / month / year / evening, the following month等 ‎【应试对策】中考测试动词时态必须与句中时间状语一致时，常在题干中加入具体的交际情景，以测试学生对动词时态知识的实际运用能力。因此，同学们要敏锐捕捉句中的时间标志词，并且结合具体的语境，来确定动词的时态。‎ 二、巧抓主从句时态的呼应，快解时态题 ‎ 考查主从句时态的呼应是各地中考命题的特点，特别是将其放在比较真实的语境中进行考查。有时，命题者为了增加试题的难度，还会将两种从句进行糅合，来考查学生对时态的辨析能力。‎ ‎【中考例题】‎ ‎ 8. (2015潍坊) Next month we’re going somewhere as soon as the holiday ______.‎ ‎ A. will begin B. has begun C. begins D. is beginning ‎ 9. (2015孝感) We will go to Tian’anmen Square to watch the raising of national flag if it ‎ ‎______ tomorrow.‎ ‎ A. will rain B. rains C. doesn’t rain D. won’t rain ‎ 10. (2015南充) We don’t know when ______ next week. Please call me when he arrives.‎ ‎ A. will he arrive B. does he arrive C. he will arrive D. he arrives ‎ 11. (2015无锡) Too many people were absent. The chairperson warned that he ______ the ‎ meeting if necessary.‎ ‎ A. would cancel B. cancelled C. would start D. started ‎ 12. (2015雅安) The teacher told us that the sun ______ in the east.‎ ‎ A. had risen B. has risen C. rose D. rises ‎【应试对策】在根据时态呼应原则解题时，要把握好以下两点：‎ ‎ 1. 在由when，before，after，until，as soon as引导的时间状语从句以及由if，unless，as long as引导的条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时表将来。‎ ‎ 2. 解答宾语从句与主句时态呼应题时，我们应熟知一下规则：如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据需要，选用相应的时态；如果主句的谓语动词是过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词选用过去时态的某一种形式；如果宾语从句叙述的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或是习惯性动作等，不管主句用什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。‎ 三、巧抓试题的语境，快解时态题 ‎ 对着课改的深入和中考命题手法的不断创新，近年来中考试题对时态考查的要求也越来越高，大部分试题趋向情境化。这就对学生的语言基本功和语言运用的能力提出了较高的要求。‎ ‎【中考例题】‎ ‎ 13. (2015菏泽) —Hi, Wang Ning! How’s the weather in Heze now?‎ ‎—It is terrible. It ______ all the morning.‎ A. rains B. is raining C. rain D. would rain ‎ 14. (2015南京) —When will Uncle Sam come to see us?‎ ‎ —He’ll visit us this weekend. He ______ me that by e-mail.‎ ‎ A. told B. is told C. will tell D. was going to tell ‎ 15. (2015江西) —Do you have any plans for tonight?‎ ‎—Yes, I ______ at the new Italian restaurant in town.‎ A. eat B. have eaten C. ate D. am going to eat ‎ 16. (2015江西) —Ben and Sue aren’t home, aren’t they?‎ ‎—No. They ______ to London on business.‎ ‎ A. have gone B. go C. have been D. will go ‎【应试对策】想要准确地解答语境题型时态题，首先要通读试题，认真领悟语境，来捕捉有效地解题信息。在此基础上，可以快速剔除两个最弱的干扰项。接着再结合语境，综合运用所学的时态方面的知识，对剩下的两个选项进行比较，最终确定最佳答案。‎ 四、中考对各种时态的考查 第一组：一般现在时 一般现在时常用来描述经常出现、反复发生的动作或存在的状态，句子常带有特定的状语(如every day, always, often, sometimes, seldom, usually, nowadays等)。此外，在陈述客观事实或客观真理时，也常用一般现在时。此外，在含有时间、条件等状语从句的复合句中，当主句为一般将来时时，时间、条件等状语从句中的谓语动词用一般现在时表示将来。‎ ‎【中考例题】‎ ‎ 17. (2014北京) —What do you often do at weekends?‎ ‎—I often ______ my grandparents.‎ A. visit B. visited C. have visited D. will visit ‎ 18. (2014温州) Alice likes doing housework. She ______ her room every afternoon.‎ ‎ A. cleans B. cleaned C. is cleaning D. has cleaned ‎ 19. (2014武汉) —Do you know if Jack will drive to London this weekend?‎ ‎—Jack? Never! He ______ driving so far.‎ A. has hated B. will hate C. hated D. hates ‎ 20. (2014上海) Aunt Lucy will tell us something about her trip to Australia when she ___ back.‎ ‎ A. came B. comes C. would come D. will come ‎ 21. (2014广东) —I wonder whether Brazil will win the match later tonight.‎ ‎—Go to bed first. I will wake you up as soon as the match ______.‎ A. starts B. started C. will start D. is starting ‎ 22. (2014东营) Eating and drinking on Beijing subway is not allowed. If you ______ the rule, ‎ you’ll face a fine (罚款) of up to 5000 yuan.‎ ‎ A. broke B. break C. will break D. have broken ‎ 23. (2014滨州) —Do you know if he will come tomorrow?‎ ‎—No, but if he ______, I’ll call you to have a meal together.‎ A. will come B. won’t come C. comes D. doesn’t come 第二组：一般过去时 一般过去时表示在过去的某时或一段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，通常与yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week / month / year, the other day, just now, two days ago, at that time, in 2012等时间状语连用。‎ ‎【中考例题】‎ ‎ 24. (2014长沙) —You brother is an excellent basketball player.‎ ‎—So he is. He ______ to play basketball three years ago.‎ A. has started B. starts C. started D. will start ‎ 25. (2014龙岩) The 2014 FIFA World Cup ______ in Brazil on June 13th.‎ ‎ A. is opening B. has opened C. opened D. opens ‎ 26. (2014乐山) —Why didn’t Mary come to John’s birthday party last night?‎ ‎—She ______ to, but he dad simply would not let her our so late at night.‎ A. wants B. wanted C. has wanted D. will want ‎ 27. (2014武汉) —A nice car! A present?‎ ‎—Yes, it is. My aunt ______ it to me for my last birthday.‎ A. was sending B. had sent C. will send D. sent ‎28. (2014连云港) Beijing and Zhangjiakou ______ applying to host the 2022 Winter Olympics ‎ Games in 2013.‎ ‎ A. begin B. began C. have begun D. had begun ‎ 29. (2014陕西) —Have you finished your homework yet?‎ ‎—Yes. I ______ it twenty minutes ago.‎ A. have finished B. finished C. will finish D. had finished 第三组：一般将来时 ‎ 一般将来时主要用来描述将要发生的动作或未来将要出现的情况，一般将来时常与tomorrow, next week, in a week, sson等表示将来的时间状语连用。“shall / will +动词原形”表示将来某时或某一时间内要发生的动作或存在的状态，它没有主观性，是纯粹的将要发生的动作。“be going to +动词原形”表示打算、准备做的事，或即将发生或肯定要发生的事。be doing表示预计或安排将要发生的事，仅限于少数动词，通常是一些瞬间动词(如arrive, die, plan, come, start, begin, leave等)。‎ ‎【中考例题】‎ ‎ 30. (2014安徽) Mr. Wang has left for Guangzhou. He ______ a speech there in two days.‎ ‎ A. gives B. gave C. will give D. has given ‎ 31. (2014丽水) Hurry up! The key is covered with black clouds. I’m afraid it ______.‎ ‎ A. rains B. is goin to rain C. rained D. was raining ‎ 32. (2014泰安) —Why are you in such a hurry, John?‎ ‎—There ______ an NBA basketball game in ten minutes.‎ A. will be B. was C. would be D. has been ‎ 33. (2014天津) Robots ______ more heavy work for us in the future.‎ ‎ A. will do B. did C. have done D. were doing ‎ 34. (2014河北) I’m busy now. I ______ to you after school this afternoon.‎ ‎ A. talk B. talked C. will talk D. have talked 第四组：现在进行时 ‎ 现在进行时表示此时此刻正在进行的动作，或现在某一段时间正在进行的动作，谓语动词为延续性动词。常与now, these days, at present等时间状语以及look, listen等标志性词连用。答题时首先寻找时间状语和标志性词汇；若没有时间标志词时，应分析语境看其是否暗示动作正在进行。此外，现在进行时可以和表示某些频率的副词(如always, foreer, cuntinually等)连用，表达说话人的主观感情，如满意、称赞、惊讶或厌恶等。‎ ‎【中考例题】‎ ‎ 36. (2014菏泽) Look, so many people are running out of the station. I wonder what ______.‎ ‎ A. is happening B. was happening C. is happening D. had happened ‎ 37. (2014广州) Be quiet! The students ______ a physics test in the next room.‎ ‎ A. had B. have had C. were having D. are having ‎ 38. (2014南昌) —You’re in a hurry. Where are you going?‎ ‎—To the cinema. Sue ______ for me outside.‎ A. waits B. waited C. is waiting D. was waiting ‎ 39. (2014绵阳) —Hello, Betty! What are you going now?‎ ‎—I ______ on the Great Wall of China. I’ll send the toyou later.‎ A. will take pictures B. am taking pictures C. was taking pictures D. take pictures 第五组：过去进行时 过去进行时主要表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，或表示过去某一阶段一直在进行的动作。动作发生的特定时间常用一个短语或时间状语从句来表明。在中考试题中，过去进行时常被放在由when, while, as等词引导的时间状语从句中考查。‎ ‎【中考例题】‎ ‎ 40. (2014泰州) —Yeaterday Suzy fell over and was hurt while she ______ a snowball.‎ ‎—I’m sorry to hear that.‎ A. made B. was making C. makes D. is making ‎ 41. (2014丹东) —I called you yesterday evening, but nobody answered.‎ ‎—Oh, ______ at that time.‎ A. I’m cooking B. I cooked C. I cook D. I was cooking ‎ 42. (2014扬州) —Has your friend completed his design?‎ ‎—Not yet. He ______ on it last night.‎ A. worked B. has worked C. is working D. was working ‎43. (2014广东) —I didn’t see you at the beginning of the party last night.‎ ‎—I ______ on my biology report at that time.‎ A. worked B. work C. was working D. am working ‎ 44. (2014北京) —What were you doing when we were playing basketball yesterday?‎ ‎—I ______ the classroom.‎ A. was cleaning B. have cleaned C. will clean D. clean 第六组：现在完成时 现在完成时指过去发生某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，通常与ever, yet, already, just, before, never等时间状语连用；也可以用来表示过去发生的某一动作一直持续到现在，通常与up to now, so far, recently, for two days, since three days ago等时间状语连用。‎ ‎【中考例题】‎ ‎ 45. (2014漳州) Since Project Hope started, it ____ millions of children to come back to school.‎ ‎ A. has helped B. helped C. is helping D. will help ‎ 46. (2014北京) He ______ in this factory for 20 years already.‎ ‎ A. will work B. works C. has worked D. is working ‎ 47. (2014盐城) I can’t find my notebook anywhere. I’m afraid I ______ it.‎ ‎ A. lose B. lost C. have lost D. was losing ‎ 48. (2014咸宁) —Do you know Diaoyu Islands?‎ ‎—Yes. It ______ to China since ancient times.‎ A. belongs to B. belonged to C. has belonged to D. is belonging to ‎ 49. (2014泰安) —Can you find our city ______ a lot in recent years?‎ ‎ —Yes. The road is wider and the buildings are taller.‎ A. has changed B. changes C. changed D. will change 第七组：过去将来时 ‎ 过去将来时是从过去某时看将要发生的动作，必须有一个表示过去的时间状语作为参照。故这种时态常用语宾语从句或含有时间状语从句的复合句中。‎ ‎【中考例题】‎ ‎ 50. (2014达州) —Swimming in the river for teenagers is very dangerous.‎ ‎—So it is. If I ______ them, I ______ a shower at home.‎ A. am; would take B. were; will take C. was; would take D. were; would take 近年河北省中考时态真题 ‎ 1. (2015) I ______ the shops. Can I get you anything?‎ A. go to B. went to C. have gone to D. am going to ‎2. (2015) Paula is pleased that she ______ her lost watch.‎ A. finds B. found C. has found D. will find ‎3. (2015) We’re proud that China ______ stronger and stronger these years.‎ A. will become B. became C. is becoming D. was becoming ‎4. (2015) Grace ______ this game every time we play.‎ A. wins B. won C. will win D. has won ‎5. (2015) I saw Jeff in the park. He ______ on the grass and reading a book.‎ A. sits B. sat C. is sitting D. was sitting ‎ 6. (2014) Someone ______ at the door. Can you open it?‎ A. knocks B. knocked C. is knocking D. was knocking ‎7. (2014) I’m busy now. I ______ to you after school this afternoon.‎ A. talk B. talked C. will talk D. have talked ‎8. (2014) The teacher is already standing here. Do you know when she ______?‎ A. comes B. came C. is coming D. was coming ‎9. (2014) Monica, you ______ the exam! Congratulation!‎ A. pass B. have passed C. will pass D. are passing ‎10. (2014) I saw Ken in the meeting room, he ______ Joe for the school magazine.‎ A. interviews B. interviewed C. has interviewed D. was interviewing ‎ 11. (2013) We have no vegetables in the fridge. I ______ and buy some.‎ ‎ A. go B. went C. will go D. was going ‎12. (2013) Henry will give us a report as soon as he ______.‎ ‎ A. arrives B. arrived C. is arriving D. will arrive ‎13. (2013) You ______. Don’t talk on the phone.‎ ‎ A. will drive B. are driving C. were driving D. have driven ‎14. (2013) Ken ______ his jacket in the gym. He has to get it back.‎ ‎ A. left B. leaves C. is leaving D. was leaving ‎15. (2013) Don’t return the video to Peter, I ______ it.‎ ‎ A. don’t watch B. won’t watch C. haven’t watched D. wasn’t watch ‎16. (2013) The twins didn’t go to the theatre, they ______ the light music all night.‎ ‎ A. have enjoyed B. will enjoy C. are enjoying D. were enjoying ‎ 17. (2012) The clothing store ______ a sale. The clothes there are very cheap.‎ ‎ A. has B. had C. is having D. was having ‎18. (2012) Miss Zhang, the most beautiful teacher, ______ many flowers and letters these days.‎ ‎ A. received B. will receive C. was receiving D. has received ‎19. (2012) Your sweater looks smart. Where ______ you ______ it?‎ ‎ A. do; get B. did; get C. will; get D. have; got ‎20. (2012) —Where were you this morning? —I ______ in the supermarket.‎ ‎ A. will shop B. am shopping C. was shopping D. have shopped ‎ 21. (2011) My sister wants a new dress. She ______ it to the party.‎ ‎ A. wears B. has worn C. wore D. is going to wear ‎22. (2011) I didn’t hear you because I ______ the news on the radio.‎ ‎ A. listen to B. am listening to C. listened to D. was listening to ‎23. (2011) I ______ my homework, I guess I can’t join you.‎ ‎ A. don’t finish B. didn’t finish C. haven’t finished D. won’t finish ‎ 24. (2010) This term ______ over. The summer vacation is coming in two weeks.‎ A. is B. was C. has been D. will be ‎25. (2010) I ______ a mistake. Please don’t be angry with me.‎ A. make B. made C. will make D. had made ‎26. (2010) My brother left school in 2005, and since then he ______ in Beijing.‎ A. lives B. lived C. will live D. has lived ‎27. (2010) I ______ my clothes, and the phone rang.‎ A. wash B. washed C. am washing D. was washing ‎ 28. (2009) My friend ______ me. I have to leave now.‎ A. waits for B. waited for C. is waiting for D. was waiting for ‎29. (2009) Be sure to let Tom know the notice as soon as he ______.‎ A. will arrive B. was arriving C. arrives D. arrived ‎30. (2009) I ______ the wrong thing. Can I use your eraser?‎ A. write B. wrote C. am writing D. will write ‎31. (2009) Helen loves to talk about travel. She ______ many places.‎ A. has gone to B. has been to C. has gone for D. has been from ‎ 32. (2008) The children ______ a P.E. class on the playground when it suddenly began to rain.‎ ‎ A. have B. are having C. had D. were having ‎33. (2008) Nick ______ a new camera. He has taken lots of pictures with it.‎ ‎ A. buys B. is buying C. bought D. will buy ‎34. (2008) —Please bring your homework to school tomorrow, Steven. —OK. I ______.‎ ‎ A. will B. won’t C. do D. don’t ‎35. (2008) Last year, Li Hua, a college student, ______ to work for the Olympic Games.‎ ‎ A. is choosing B. is chosen C. was choosing D. was chosen ‎36. (2008) How’s Annie? I ______ her for a long time.‎ ‎ A. don’t see B. won’t see C. didn’t see D. haven’t seen ‎ 37. (2007) I’ll do it better if the teacher ______ me another chance.‎ ‎ A. give B. gives C. gave D. will give ‎38. (2007) When I went to say goodbye to Anna, she ______ the piano.‎ ‎ A. is playing B. plays C. was playing D. played ‎ ‎39. (2007) Henry speaks Chinese very well. He ______ in China since 2002.‎ ‎ A. stays B. stayed C. is staying D. has stayed ‎40. (2007) There ______ a talk show on CCTV-4 at nine this evening.‎ ‎ A. will have B. is going to be C. is going to have D. is staying 参考答案 中考时态考点梳理 ‎ 1-5. ADBBB 6-10. CCCCC 11-15. ADBAD 16-20. A AADB ‎ 21-25. ABCCC 26-30. BDBBC 31-35. BAACC 36-40. CDCBB ‎ 41-45. DDCAA 46-50. CCCAD 近年河北省中考时态真题 ‎ 1-5. DCCAD 6-10. CCBBD 11-15. CABAC 16-20. DCDBC ‎ 21-25. DDCDB 26-30. DDCCB 31-35. BDCAD 36-40. DBCDB