2018届二轮复习主语从句课件（38张） 38页

2018 届二轮复习 主语从句 Who will win the match is still unknown. I want to know what he has told you . The fact is that we have lost the game . The news that we won the game is exciting. 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 名词性从句 的作用相当于名词，因此主语从句、表语从句 、宾语从句和同位语从句分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。 同位语从句 Noun Clauses ( 名词性从句 ) Subject Clause ( 主语从句 ) Appositive Clause （同位语从句） Object Clause （宾语从句） Predicative Clause （表语从句） Grammar 3. To find your way can be a problem. 2. Smoking is bad for you. 1. You are a student. 4. “How do you do?” is a greeting. 5 .What she said is not yet known. 6. That we shall be late is certain. 7. It is certain that we shall be late. Subject （主语） A sentence served as subject is called Subject Clause. 主语从句 定义：主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语 it 代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 导主语从句的有连词 that ， whether ， 连接代词 who ， what ， which ， 连接副词 when ， where ， how ， why 等。 1 ） 从属连词 ： that ， whether 等 . that 引导主语从句只起引导作用，本身无实际意义，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，但 不能省略 。 That people cut down too many trees destroyed the balance of nature. Whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved. . It was not clear whether the solid shape would last or not. Subject Clause Subject Formed Subject Whether the solid shape would last or not was not clear. Real 引导 主语从句在 句首只能用 whether , 有 it 作形式主语的 whether/if 都可以 . Conclusion: if If × 注意 : 由 that 引导的主语从句有时为了使句子结构平衡 , 避免 “ 头重脚轻 ” , 常用 it 作 形式主语 , 而把从句放在后面。 例如 : 1. That he will refuse this piece of advice is impossible. _______________________________________ _______________________________________ 2. That they should like each other is natural. _____________________________________ *it 为形式主语 It is natural that they should like each other. It is impossible that he will refuse this piece of advice. 这样就构成了下面一些常用句型 : 1) It is + n. + 从句 　 It is a pity/shame that... 遗憾的是 …… 　 It is a surprise that… 令人惊奇的是 … 　 It is a fact that… … 是事实 It is common knowledge that… … 是常识 * _______________( 很遗憾 )we lost the match. *______________( 这是事实 )he cheated in the exam. It is a pity that It is a fact that 2) It is + adj. + 从句 　 It’s certain that… 肯定 … 　 It is possible that... 很可能 …… 　 It is unlikely that... 不可能 …… It is obvious that… 很明显 … It is necessary important natural... that… *_________________( 很可能 )she will come back tomorrow. *_________________( 很明显 )this measure is effective. +(should) +do … It is possible that It is obvious that 主语从句的虚拟语气 ① 表 “应该，惊讶、惋惜、遗憾 ” 等意义 It is important /natural /necessary/impossible/strange that... 谓语形式为 : should + V. 原形 , should 可省略 。 eg . 很奇怪，他竟没有来。 It is strange that___________________. 我们做足够的运动很重要。 重要的是我们 应该 做足够的运动 It is important that we should do enough sports. ※ he should not come ②表示“ 据建议、据要求、据命令 ” It+be +suggested /advised/ordered/requested/ commanded/ insisted/required that… 谓语形式 : should + V. 原形 , should 可省略 . 据命令，所有乘客必须接受搜查 ___________________all the passengers_____________________. It was ordered that (should) be searched 3) It + 不及物动词 + 从句 It happened that... 碰巧 …… It occurred to me that… 我突然想起 … *________________( 刚好 )I came into the office at that time. *____________________( 我突然想起 )I forget to sent the letter. It happened that It occurred to me that 4) It + be + 过去分词 + 从句 It is said that... 据说 …… It is known to all that... 众所周知 …… It is reported that... 据报道 …… It is believed that... 据信 …… ; 人们相信 …… It is suggested that + (should ） do ... 建议 …… It must be admitted that… 必须承认 …… It cannot be denied that… 不可否认 …… 　　 It must be pointed out that… 需指出的是 …… 　 * ___________________( 据报道 )20 people were killed in the accident. *______________________( 建议 )we should eat more vegetable and do more exercise. It is reported that It is suggested that 5)“ 无关紧要（的是）” It doesn’t matter It makes no difference 翻译：一个人是否富有无关紧要 _____________________ one is wealthy or not. It doesn’t matter whether It makes no difference whether + 主语从句 ： They should like each other is natural. ： That they should like each other is natural. ： It is natural that they should like each other. ： If Mary really heard him is really doubtful. ： It was doubtful if Mary really heard him. T or F questions 2. 连接代词 who ， what ， which, whatever, whichever, whoever What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water … Who will take part in the meeting has not been decided. Whoever breaks the law will be punished. Which student will win the first is uncertain. 3) 连接副词 when ， where ， how ， why 等。 Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery. When they will set off is not decided. Where she is from is unknown. How we will paint the house has not been decided. Complete the sentences using what , whether , where , when ， who , why , how or that . 1.(_____ is needed for success) is your hard work. 3.( we will go tomorrow ) hasn’t been decided yet. 2.( they will arrive ) has been told to the teacher. What When/How Where/whether 4.(______ can join in the sport meet) is decided by the teacher. 5.(________ it will rain or not) is not clear. 7.(______ the earth is a solid ball) is known to us all. Who Whether That 6. (____ the earth is becoming warm) is a good topic for research. Why 主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。 Conclusion: 用 that / whether / if/ /where / how / when /why / who /what/which/ how much / etc. 来连接主语从句 . Summary: Subject Clause 3. 引导主语从句在 句首只能用 whether, 有 it 作形式主语的 whether/if 都可以 . 2. That 在主语从句中 不能省略 . 4. 有时为了使句子 结构平衡 , 避免 “ 头重脚轻 ” , 常用 it 作形式主语 , 而把从句放在后面 . 4 种句型。 5. 主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用 单数 形式。 注意二： Whoever ( 无论谁 ) = anyone/anybody who （谁） ____ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. A. Anyone  B. The person C. Whoever  D. Who 注意三： “疑问词 +ever” 引导 主、宾、表、状语从句 “ No matter + 疑问词”只 引导 状语从句 无论谁违反法律将会受到处罚 __________________ will be punished. ______________________, he will be punished Whoever breaks laws No matter who breaks laws Whoever breaks laws 主语从句 状语从句 逗号是状语从句的标志 无论 … 2. _______ they can solve the question is still unknown. A. If B. Which C. Whether D. What 3. _____ he said at the meeting astonished everybody. A. Why B. What C. That D. Who 4. ____ is a fact that English is accepted as an international language. A. There B. This C. That D. It 1. _____ we need more practice is quite obvious. A. What B. That C. When D. / Pick up one number and finish the task in it, then you can get some points. Game Time! 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Correct or not? *When the meeting will be held haven’t been known yet. ……………………………. be held hasn’t been known yet. × Pay attention: 主语从句的谓语用 单数 形式 10 the cat do made What the cat did made the baby cry. What cry Make a sentence 30 1.The question is ________ the film is worth seeing. 2.________ we shall attend the meeting hasn't been decided yet. 用 whetherif 填空 whether Whether 10 Translate the sentence *_______________________________( 他们很需要帮助 )is quite clear. That they are badly in need of help 20 talk about the use of cell phone What they are talking about is the use of cell phone. Make a sentence 30 * If we will have a meeting hasn’t been decided yet. × Correct or not? Whether we will…………………………. decided yet. Pay attention: 放在名词性从句 句首 ，表示“是否”，只能用 whether, 不能用 if 10 Translate the sentence *It is known to us__________________ _____________________( 马克 . 吐温怎样成为一位伟大的作家 ). how Mark Twain became a great writer 20 　　 report , get the highest points, match It is reported that Yao Ming got the highest points in the match. Make a sentence 30 × Correct or not? Pay attention: 注意 虚拟语气 在名词性从句中的使用！在 It is necessary important natural... that… 句型中，从句的谓语要用 should+do 的形式 It is important that we should finish….. *It is important that we will finish the work on time. 10 × Correct or not? Pay attention: 此主语从句 缺少成分 - 宾语，故用作成分的 what 来引导，而不用 that 。 What she wants to know is……. *That she wants to know is when the party will be held . 10 × Correct or not? Pay attention: 由 that 引导的主语从句放在句首， that 不能省略 。 That he will give up……… *He will give up his job surprises all of us. 10 Translate the sentence *_______________________________ （她是否出席会议） is not certain. Whether she will attend the meeting 20 It makes the teacher angry that the child doesn’t know the answer. teacher angry Don’t know the answer Make a sentence 30