2019届二轮复习完形填空解题指导课件（22张） 22页

2019 届二轮复习 完形填空解题指导 第 1 、 2 课时 先学任务&Warming up: 2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国新课标卷Ⅱ) Where do you go when you want to learn something? School? A friend? A tutor? These are all 41 places of learning. But it may well be that the learning you really want 42 somewhere else instead. I had the 43 of seeing this first hand on a 44 . My daughter plays on a recreational soccer team. They did well this season and so 45 a tournament, which normally was only for more skilled club teams. This led to some 46 experiences on Saturday as they played against teams 47 trained. Through the first two games, her 48 did not get one serious shot on goal. As a parent, I 49 seeing my daughter playing her best, 50 still defeated. B C D C B A D D B C It seemed that something clicked with the 51 between Saturday and Sunday. When they 52 for their Sunday game, they were 53 different. They had begun to integrate (融合) the kinds of play and teamwork they had 54 the day before into their 55 . They played aggressively and 56 scored a goal. It 57 me that playing against the other team was a great 58 moment for all the girls on the team. I think it is a general principle. 59 is the best teacher. The lessons they learned may not be 60 what they would have gotten in school, but are certainly more personal and meaningful, because they had to work them out on their own. A B D A C A B D A C 完形填空特点： 1. 短文难度基本稳定，与高中英语教材课文难度相当。题材趋向于原汁原味的国外生活，强调与中学生有关的生活情境或社会情境。 2. 体裁大都是具有一定故事情节的记叙文，也有可能是夹叙夹议，富有哲理的文体，中心思想明确，充满正能量，考生读完后能获得某种启迪。 3. 短文长度基本稳定，一般在 250-300 个单词左右。短文的第一句不设空格，提供给考生一个思考的窗口。 4. 考查内容主要是逻辑上的通顺，极少考语法。侧重考查词汇在语篇、语境中的运用；着重对实词（动词、名词、形容词、副词）和上下文语境用词的考查，动词考查相对集中。 2013-2016 年全国 II 卷（ 2016 年为全国 III 卷）完形填空词类考查情况： 年度 动词 名词 形容词 副词 连词 搭配（介词） 代词 2013 年 10 5 5 2014 年 8 3 3 5 1 2015 年 7 6 3 3 1 2016 年 8 5 4 1 1 1 Step1:完形填空选项设置的特点 1. 同义、近义词 辨析型。多倾向考查 动词、名词、形容词、副词 。(平时要多把这几类词性的词归纳记忆) 2. 固定 搭配型。多倾向考查 动词和介词或副词、名词和介词、形容词和介词 ，典型句子结构的搭配 。 3. 常用 语法 。 时态和语态、从句连词。 4. 根据上下文的 逻辑关系 确定选项型。 Step2: 完形填空解题原则和步骤 总原则 ：“先完意、后完形” 解题 步骤 及 时间分配 ： 1）通读全文，搞清文章大意，弄清主题时态。 (2-3分钟) 2）依照语义、语法，参考常考知识点，进行填空。注意时态、语态、性数格问题。 (6-7分钟) 3）猜测难点、整体复查。 (2-3分钟) Step3：完形填空解题技巧 一、利用 首句 来解题，根据 全文 来选择 I did very badly at school. My headmaster thought I was   36   and when I was 14 he said, “You ’ re never going to be 37(anything) but a failure. ”    A. bright       B. useless        C. simple      D. hopeful _________ 二、根据上下文 语境 ，合理 推断 来解题 Our father was a struggling lawyer, but I always knew he was  37 . He never criticized us, but used 38 to bring out our best.    37. A. strict       B. honest       C. special    D. learned 38. A. help B. peace C. smile D. praise 当堂导练一： His big stomach has always ballooned out between his T-shirt and trousers. Although his family often 43 about that, Ed refused to buy a 44 T-shirt or to lose weight. 43. A. cared B. forgot C. quarreled D. joked 44. A. clean B. straight C. larger D. darker _________ ______________________ ___ ________________ 三、利用 语篇标志 解题（三找） 常见的标志性的词语有以下几种： 结构层次 : firstly, secondly, thirdly； 逻辑关系 ：thus, therefore, so； 递进关系 ：besides, what ' s more, further; 转折关系 ：but, while, however, on the other hand等。 She told the front-desk clerk she had had a(n) 41 vacation, but was heart-broken about losing several rolls of Kodak color film she had not yet developed. A. disappointing B. wonderful C. uncomfortable D. important _____ ___________________ 1、找逻辑关系题（ 转折、让步、解释、对立、因果、并列、总分、递进 ） 2、找NOT题（在原文中 找not ） 句式结构： 前 面 肯 定 后 面 否 定、 前 面 否 定 后 面 肯 定，则选 对立 关系的词。 3、找AND题（在原文中 找and ） ①and前后选 同义词 ，词性一致； ②and前后选 同一范围词 ； ③and前后句子 对应成分相同 ； ④在文章中， 并列关系 词前后如果出题， 利用已知 关系解题。 4、找 同现复现 原则 Liumei is among the __22__ ones. The Chinese University of Hong Kong granted (答应给）Liu a full scholarship --- HK$500,000. Not all students are so fortunate. A. poor B. smart C. lucky D. silent Friendship is one of the permanent themes in the literature of all language. … Some of us like __2__ friends while others like different friends. Personally I prefer both. Having similar friends has many advantages. … A. true B. right C. same D. similar _____________________ ________ ____________ 四、根据 逻辑推理 解题 …and the officers then began to eat their meal , saying that the mushrooms had a very strange___quite pleasant taste. A. besides B. but C. and D. or 五、根据 常识和文化背景 的角度来选择 The amount of usable water has always been of great interest in the world. 36(Owning) springs and streams sometimes means control , particularly in the 37 areas like the desert.                A．dry    B．distant        C．deserted       D．wild __________ ____________ ______________________ 六、从 语法 角度来解题 I went into a café and asked for a coffee .   21    I was waiting for my drink, I realized that there were other people in the place , but I sensed   22 (loneliness) . A．Before        B．Since        C．Although      D．While Have you ever shouted at a teacher, told someone you were lonely, or said you were in love, and then 23 later you had kept your mouth shut? A. wished B. hoped C. blamed D. shared 解题思路：利用语法分析解题，选项中的动词都是过去式，其后句宾语从句had kept是过去完成时，故判断是虚拟。 时间状语从句 主句 主句的并列句 _____ ______ ______ _____ _______ 七、从 惯用法 和 固定搭配 方面来解题 1) He was only fourteen and was not good at swimming_ __ __. So he shouldn ' t have gone into that place. A.after all B. in all C.at all D. for all 八、从 词语辨析 的角度来解题 When, two weeks later, I 38 this same boy, I was more aware of my position in Nigerian society. I should 3 9(enjoy) this country as the son of a minister. A. ran after B. ran into C. ran over D. ran to ______ ____ 追求，追赶 遭遇，陷入，偶然遇到 碾过，匆匆看，复查 跑向，达到 九、 同义近义复现 来解题 I believe that a mixture of friends is equally advantageous. One can ___7___ from various sorts of friends in three aspects. First, frequent contacts with different friends broaden my world outlooks. Just as various kinds of nutriments keep you healthy, making a __8__ of friends keep you lively. … Secondly, I have found that different friends can not only lead to new adventures but also show me new avenues to success in life. … 7. A. obtain B. benefit C. suffer D. earn 8. A. range B. series C. quantity D. variety ____________________ _____________ Step4: 当堂导练二 Exercise 1： I climbed the stairs slowly, carrying a big suitcase, my father following with two more. By the time I got to the third floor, I was  1  and the same time feeling lonely. Worse still, Dad    2  a step and fell, sending my new suitcase    3   down the stairs.  1. A. helpless    B.lazy           C. anxious       D. tired  2. A. took       B. minded     C. missed       D. picked  3. A. rolling      B. passing       C. dropping     D. turning  __________ _____ ______________________ Exercise 2: But Ella Fant, who was filled with     1   , shouted at the top of her voice, “ Look at    2   ! They ' re all out of      3    except my John! Isn ' t he the best!” 1. A. sadness  B. happiness  C. surprise     D. regret 2. A. them       B. those         C. that            D. him  _______ _______ Exercise 3: It was an early morning in summer. In the streets, sleepy-eyed people were moving quickly, heading towards their   1  . This was the beginning of another     2    day in New York City. 1. A. jobs       B. homes    C. buses      D. offices 2. A. working B. hot　 C. same　 D. ordinary ____________ _____________________ ____________ Exercise 4： Every morning she would give him breakfast  29  bed and bring him the papers to     30    .  29. A. to             B. at         C. in           D. by   30. A. check      B. read        C. keep        D. sign in bed 固定搭配 __________ Exercise 5： Mrs. Clark was     38    tea at the time.   38. A. cooking    B. making    C. burning    D. serving 泡茶用 make tea ，是 固定搭配 Step5: 自辅落实 Try to finish the exercise of 自辅落实。