2019届二轮复习语法专题句子种类课件(共35张PPT) 35页

2019 届二轮复习语法专题 P8 Types of sentences Do the exercise individually, and then check your answers with your partners. Now check your answers 1-5 that, keep, left, did, did he 6-10 lies, it that, it, didn’t, never 陈述句 肯定式 否定式 疑问句 一般疑问句 特殊疑问句 选择疑问句 反意疑问句 祈使句 感叹句 倒装句 / 强调句 / 省略 句子种类 考点题例一 1. One of my favorite sayings is , “ ______ (laugh) and the world laughs with you.” 2. ________ (observe) carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab. Laugh Observe 考点梳理 祈使句 表示命令、建议、请求、警告、禁止、劝告等 肯定式 1. Stop talking. 2. Be confident. 3. (Please) come in. 4. Let’s go and play football. 5. Let us help you. 否定式 1. Don’t talk again. 2. Don’t be nervous. 3. Don’t let Tom go there himself. 4. No smok ing /park ing . ( no +doing ) 5. Never say goodbye . 考点题例二 1. _____ an interesting book it is ！ 2. _____ interesting a book it is! 3. _____ interesting books they are! 4. _____ delicious food I had! 用 what 或 how 填空。 What How What What what 引导的感叹句 What an honest man (he is) ! What beautiful flowers (they are) ! What bad weather (it is) ! how 引导的感叹句 How good a book it is! How careless (you are)! How we love our motherland! How + adj.+ a/an+ n. + 主 + 谓 +…! How + (adj./adv.)+ 主 + 谓 +…! What + ( a/an)+adj.+n. + ( 主 + 谓 ) +…! 考点梳理 1. __________ ( get ) to the top of the tower building, where you can see the whole city. 2. ______ (make) what you’re doing today important, because you’re trading a day of your life for it. 3. _______ a clever boy he is! 4. _______ clever a boy he is! Get 举一反三 Make How What 考点题例三 1. —You haven’t been here long, _______ you ? — No, I haven’t. I am a newcomer here. 2. John, you mop the floor, ____________ you? 3. Let’s have a break, _______ we? 4. Neither you nor I have done such silly things, ________ we? 5. You mustn’t smoke here, ________ you? will/won’t shall have have must/may 6. They must finish the work today, ________ they? 7. This isn’t a fast train, __________? 8. Nothing happened to him, _________? 9. Nobody likes to be laughed at, _________? 10. Learning English well takes us a lot of time, _____________? needn’t is it did it do they doesn’t it 11. There will be rain tomorrow, ______________ ？ 12. Mrs. Black doesn’t believe her son is able to design a digital camera, ______ she? 13. I don’t believe he will succeed, _________? 14. John told you that there wasn’t anyone in the room at that time, ______ he? does didn’t will he won’t there 反意疑问句 反意疑问句由意思相反的两部分组成 ， 前一部分用陈述句 的形式， 后一部分是附加的简短问句 。 两部分在 人称、数和时态 上通常 保持一致 。 考点梳理 考点梳理 祈使句的反意疑问句 否定祈使句 ， +will you? 肯定祈使句 ， +will/won’t you? Don’t be late again, will you? Close the window please, will you ？ let’s … ,+ shall we ? / let us … , + will you ? Let ’ s go there, shall we ？ Let us go there , will you ？ 陈述部分 反意疑问部分 例句 含 seldom/hardly/ never/little 等否定词或半否定词时 肯定式 He could hardly walk without a stick, ______ he? 含由表示“否定”意义的词缀构成的词 否定式 It’s un fair, _______ it? 含 must ( 必要 / 有必要 ) needn’t You must go now, _________ you? 含 mustn’t ( 不允许、禁止 ) must/may You mustn’t smoke here, ___________ you? 含 must ( 表推测 ) 根据 must 后的动词以及含义采用相应的动词形式 You must be hungry now, ______ you? 简单句的反意疑问句 ( 一 ) could isn’t needn’t must/may aren’t 陈述部分主语 反意疑问部分主语 例句 one （指人） one/he One can’t be careful enough, _________? this, that 或 these, those it 或 they That is very important, ________? everything, anything, something, nothing it Something is wrong,________? everyone/everybody, someone/somebody, no one/nobody, anyone/anybody he / they( 更常见 ) Everybody knows the answer, ________________? 不定式、动名词、从句 it What he said is true, _________ ? there be 句型 there There are some people in the room, ________? 简单句的反意疑问句 ( 二 ) can he/one aren’t there isn’t it isn’t it don’t they (doesn’t he) isn’t it 陈述部分 疑问部分 例句 一般情况 主从复合句 与陈述部分 主句 保持主谓一致。 He said that he would come to my birthday party, ___________? 特殊情况 I think (believe, suppose, guess, expect, imagine) + that… 与陈述部分 从句 保持主谓一致 ① I don’t think he can finish the work, ______? ②I think the question is difficult, __________? 非第一人称 +think (believe, suppose, guess, expect, imagine)+ that… 与陈述部分 主句 保持主谓一致 Tom doesn’t believe Jane will succeed, _________________? 复合句的反意疑问句 didn’t he can he isn’t it does he 1. Mr. Smith, let us have a break, ______ you? 2. Don’t forget to post the letter, _______ you? 3. Tom dislikes playing tennis, ______ he? 4. Tom doesn’t like playing tennis, _____ he? 5. What a long time we’ve been waiting, ________ it? 6. I think it is impossible for him to do it, ____ ? 举一反三 will will doesn’t isn’t does is it 考点题例四 1. _____ wasn’t until two days ago that Dad allowed me to drive on the motorway. 2. Mr. Mike didn’t understand ______ it was that made his wife so upset this morning. (2016 江苏南京扬子一中测试 ) 3. –Was _____ Bill, who played basketball very well, ______ helped the blind man cross the road? It what it that 强调句 1. 强调的连接词只用 who ( 指代人 ) 和 that ( 指人或物 ) ， 即使在强调时间或地点状语从句时也如此。 2. 强调句的时态只有两种：一般现在时和一般过去时 。 强调句句型 陈述式 It is/was/might be+ 被强调部分 + that/who + 其他成分 一般疑问式 Is/Was it+ 被强调部分 +that/who+ 其他成分 特殊疑问式 特殊疑问词 + is/was it that+ 其他成分 ? not…until… 结构 It is/was not until+ 被强调部分 +that+ 其他成分 考点梳理 考点题例五 1. Not until recently _____ they__________ (encourage) the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas. 2. Only when Lily walked into the office _____ she_______ (realize) that she had left the contract at home. 3. John opened the door. There________ he had never seen before. A. a girl did stand B. a girl stood C. did a girl stand D. stood a girl did did encourage realize 4. Little _____ she ______ (care) what she looks like; all she cares about is her job performance. 5. Strange _________it might sound, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting. 6. So buried _____ (be) she in doing her homework that she didn’t notice it got dark outside. did as/though was care 倒装句   英语最基本的语序是主语在前，谓语动词在后。但有时由于句子结构的需要或表示强调，就要采用倒装形式。倒装即将 谓语的全部或一部分提到主语的前面 。其中，将 谓语动词完全移到主语之前 称为 全部倒装 ， 只将助动词、系动词或情态动词放到主语 之前称为 部分倒装 。 考点梳理 倒装句 完全倒装 部分倒装 表示地点的副词 here, there 置于句首，且主语是名词（不是代词）时 表时间、方向的副词或介词短语置于句首，且主语是名词（不是代词）时 作表语的形容词、分词、介词短语、 such 置于句首时 具有否定意义或半否定意义的副词以及含否定词的介词短语置于句首作状语时 “ so 或 neither+ 助动词 / 情态动词 /be 动词 + 主语” 表示“ … 也 / 也不” so/such…that… 句型 “ not until…” 置于句首，主句部分倒装 “ only+ 状语”置于句首，主句部分倒装 难点解析 1. ___________ difficult the problem may be, we must work it out this evening. 2. Tired ______________ he was, he still went on with his work. However as/though “ however+ adj./adv.” 引导的让步状语从句采用 形式倒装 。 as/though 引导的让步状语从句采用 形式倒装 。 解析 : 形式倒装 在语法上称为前置。它的特点是： 只把强调的内容提至句首，主谓并不倒装。 举一反三 Do the following exercises , and then check your answers with your partners. Check your answers 1-5 did, has, is, was, has 6-10 as/though, are, as, did, when/if 考点题例六 1. If ________ (accept) for the job, you’ll be informed soon. 2. The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police__________. (not) 3. If parents never expect their children to be helpful at home, they are sure ____________. (be) accepted not to not to be Though surrounded, the soldiers didn’t give up. When in trouble, he always asked me for help. When he was in trouble, he always asked me for help. Though they were surrounded, the soldiers didn’t give up. 由 when, though, as if, if 等引导的从句中，如果从句中的谓语有“ be” ，从句中的主语又和主句的主语相同或主语是 it ，往往把从句中的主语和 be 都省略。 考点梳理 状语从句的省略： 不定式的省略 I asked them to stay till the next day, but they refused to. 省略不定式符号 to 后的动词，是指 前面出现过的动词在下文再次出现时 ，可以单纯使用不定式符号 to ，省去动词。若不定式含有 be, have, have been 时，通常保留 be, have 或 have been ，而把其余部分省略。 --- He hasn’t finished yet. --- Well, he ought to have. Fill in the blanks. 1. Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent _______ the patients be _______ (treat, can) properly in this hospital. 2. It’s the third time that John has been late, _______? 3. Nothing seems to please her, ______? 4. I don’t think he will come to our party, _________? isn’t it can does it will he treated 5. You’d better not smoke here, _________? had you 解析 : 陈述部分有 had better + v. 疑问句部分用 hadn't you? 6. So clearly ______ he speak English that he can always make himself understood. 7. Jin must have been absent that day, _______ he? 8. It was in the small house _______ was built with stones by his father ______ he spent his childhood. does wasn’t which that Translation 1. 这种感觉真奇怪！ 2. 在桌子下面睡着一只白色的猫。 3. 只有用这种方法我们才能学好英语。 4. 直到他回来我们才吃晚饭。 How strange a feeling it is!/ What a strange feeling it is! Under the table sleeps a white cat. Only in this way can we learn English well. Not until he returned did we have supper. Thank you!