2019届二轮复习虚拟语气课件（18张） 18页

2019 届二轮复习 虚拟语气 The Subjunctive Mood 英语动词有三种语气 ： 陈述语气 祈使语气 虚拟语气 一、 陈述语气 用来陈述一个事实，或提出一个看法。有肯定，否定，疑问或感叹等形式。 1. There are two sides to every question . 每个问题都有两个方面 . 2. They didn’t watch fireworks yesterday evening. 昨晚他们没有看焰火 . 3. What can I do for you ? 我能为你做什么 ? 4. How disappointed Tom was ! 汤姆很失望 . 5. What lovely flowers those are! 那些花儿真漂亮 . 二、祈使语气 用来表示说话人的请求，命令或劝告等。动词要用原形，其否定式在动词前加 do not. 1. Let me have a try. 我来试一试 . 2. Don’t be late again. 别再迟到了 . 3. Don’t say it in Chinese. Say it in English. 别用汉语说 , 用英语 . 4. Let’s go and play basketball. 我们去打篮球 . 1. I hope our life will be better. 希望我们的生活会更好。 2. I wish I were younger. 要是我年轻一点就好了。 3. If he was out that day, then he couldn't answer the phone. 如果那天他在外面，他就无法接电话 . 4. If he had been out that day, he couldn't have answered the phone. 如果那天他在外面的话，他就无法接到 电话了 . 有可能 ( 陈述语气 ) 不可能 ( 虚拟语气 ) 推测 ( 陈述语气 ) 与事实相反 ( 虚拟语气 ) 三 虚拟语气 与事实相反 , 或不可能发生 , 或发生的可能性非常小 表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种与事实相反的假设，愿望，猜测或建议等等。 四、虚拟语气的种类 1. 条件类虚拟 If I were a millionaire, I would still work hard. 如果我是百万富翁，我还是要努力工作。 2. wish 类虚拟 I wish I had not wasted the time. 要是我没有浪费时间就好了。 3. Should 类虚拟 I suggest you phone before you go there. 我建议你去那儿之前先打个电话。 五 (1) 条件类虚拟 时间 从句谓语 主句谓语 现在 If I were … If I did … I would be … I would do … 将来 If I were/did … If I should be/do… If I were to do … I would be … I would do … 过去 If I had been … If I had done … I would have been … I would have done … If we had time now , we would read it again. If she knew about it, she would come . If he were here, everything would be all right. If it were Sunday tomorrow, I would go to see my friends there. If she should come , I would ask her for help. If you were to fail to catch the train, you might take the bus. If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. If I had had the money last year, I would have bought a car. If they had known her address, they would have written to her. 1. If I ____ you, I wouldn’t return the call. A. be B. am C. was D. were 2. If I ______more time, I would have gone with you. A. had B. had had C. Have had D. would have 3. If I had known that, I _______ so. A. wouldn’t do B. wouldn’t have done C. won’t do D. have not done 4. If it________ tomorrow, what would we do? A. rains B. rained C. would rain D. rain 5. If it should rain, I _______go there tomorrow. A. will B. would not C. won’t D. would not have Practice D B B B B 不用 if 条件从句，而用介词或副词 without ( 没有 ), but for( 要不是 ), otherwise( 否则 ) 这些词可以表示某种假设情况 , 从而省略条件句 . 1. I was busy last week. Otherwise I would have come to see you. =If I had not been busy, I would have come … 2. Without / but for you, I would not be what I am today. = If it hadn't been for you, I would not be …. 五 (2) 条件类虚拟的简略式 Without electricity, human life____ quite different today. A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be 2. But for the Party, he ____of hunger 30 years ago. A. would have died B. would die C. must die D. must have died 3. I was busy yesterday, otherwise I ___ your birthday party. A. attended B. have attended C. Would attend D. would have attended If there were no electricity , If it hadn’t been for the Party, D A Practice If I hadn’t been busy, I …… D 这类虚拟表示不可能实现的愿望，或和事实相反的情况 六、 wish 类虚拟 I wish I were / did / had done … If only I were / did / had done … I would rather I were / did / had done … He looked as if he were / did / had done … It is time we did … I wished I were younger. I wish I hadn't told him about it. I wish that I could afford a new car. If only he had talked to her sooner! I would rather you didn't go out alone. It looks as if it were broken It is time we started to work. 1. I wish I ___ able to tell him all about it last night. A. was B. were C. had been D. should be 2. How I wish I ___to repair the watch! I only made it worse. A. had tried B. hadn’t tried C. have tried D. didn’t try 3. If only I ____ able to lighten the burden of my family, but I am still a student . A. were B. have been C. am D. would be 4. The two strangers talked as if they ________ friends for years. A. were B. would be C. have been D. had been 5. I wish ____________ me alone . A. he has left B. he leaves C. He will leave D. he would leave 6. I’d rather you _____ tomorrow. A. came B. come C. will come D. had come C B A D D A 表示建议 . 要求 . 命令类的名词性从句通常用“ should+ 动词原形”。 should 可以省略． 一坚持 : insist 二命令 : order, command 三建议 : advice, suggest, recommend 四要求 : demand, require, request, desire 形容词： necessary, important, essential, strange 七、 should 类虚拟 Examples He suggested that we should visit the palace right away. She recommended that the meeting be put off. He ordered that they should start off immediately. I demanded that he should answer me at once. It is necessary that the problem should be discussed at once. It was surprising that he should say so. It is really strange that the girl _____ so early. A. has been married B. has married C. be married D. would marry C 八、虚拟句的倒装形式 条件从句中有 were ,had ,should 时 , 可不要 if, 而用倒装 ( 注意 :had 必须是完成式的助动词 ) 1. If I should meet her, I would tell her. 2. If I were in your position, I would do it better. 3. If it were to rain tomorrow, I would put off the journey. 4. If he had seen you, he would talked to you. Should I meet her, I would tell her. Were I in your position, I would do it better. Were it to rain tomorrow, I would put off the journey. Had he seen you, he would talked to you.