2019届二轮复习短文改错专题说明文解题指导课件（49张） 49页

2019 届二轮复习短文改错专题说明文解题指导 (一) Hi, Janice, It’s been a month since I came to this new school. I really want share with you some problems I’ve been experiencing. As I tell you last time, I made three new friend here. told to friends We hang out together whenever we can. We’ve been spending much time sing in karaoke bars. It’s been three Saturdays now and it really costs me many. And I started to see this as a wasting activity. much singing In fact, I don’t like to go anymore, so I’m afraid I’ll lose their friendship. How do you think I should do? If you are me, would you talk to him? Please help with me and give me some advice. Grace them were What but (一) 这是一封求助信，表达了作者的困扰。作者交了三位新朋友，经常一起闲逛和K歌，实际上作者并不想出去但又担忧失去这份友谊，她想寻求一些建议。 1. 在want后加to 因want后用不定式作宾语。 2. tell→ told 由后面的时间状语last time可知应用一般过去时。 3. friend→ friends 由前面的three可知要用复数。 4. sing→ singing 由固定结构spend…(in) doing sth.意为“花费……做某事”可知。 5. many→ much 根据句意“它真的花费了我很多钱”，故用much指代钱(不可数)。 6. so→ but 此处显然存在转折关系，故用并列连词but。 7. How→ What 因作do的宾语，故要用what。 8. are→ were 此处是虚拟语气。虚拟条件句中的系动词是be(对现在事实的虚拟)时，要用were。 9. him→ them 根据上文可知作者交了三位朋友，故要用复数them。 10. 去掉help后的with 因动词help是及物动词，可直接带宾语，不需加介词with。注意：help sb. with sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”。 wasting adj. 浪费的 hang out 闲逛 karaoke bar 酒吧 share with sb. sth. 与某人分享某物 see this as… 把这看作…… (二) Dear editor, I’m sorry to occupy your precious time, and I really want to tell you anything about the problem of some people keeping pets nowadays. I take the problem seriously for the following reason. First, as it is known to all, pets make much noise that trouble people greatly. troubles reasons something but Additionally, it’s widely accepted that animal waste pollutes the environment, where makes people uncomfortable. Many owners like taking pets to public places where they may frighten children or even bite people. their which Most important, pets can spread some diseases that have attracted much attention. Take these factors into consideration, I sincerely hope I can get help to you and expect the media to do something for this. Yours truly, Li Hua from Taking importantly (二) 作者(Li Hua)向媒体写信就人们养宠物这个问题寻求帮助。 1. and→ but 表转折用并列连词but。 2. anything→ something 肯定句用something。 3. reason→ reasons 下文列举的原因不止一个，故用复数。 4. 去掉is known前的it 由常用结构as is known to all意为“众所周知”可知。 5. trouble→ troubles 先行词noise是不可数名词，故此处要用第三人称单数。 6. where→ which 引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语。 7. 在taking后加their 表“他们的宠物”，故要加their，此乃英语的习惯表达，交代清楚是“谁的……”。 8. important→ importantly 修饰整个句子要用副词。 9. Take→ Taking 此处Take作非谓语，与逻辑主语I存在主动关系，故用现在分词。 10. help后的to→ from 此处理应表“从你那里”，故用from。 occupy vt. 占据 precious adj. 宝贵的 following adj. 下面的 additionally adv. 此外 frighten vt. 吓唬 spread vt. 传播 sincerely adv. 真诚地 factor n. 因素 take…seriously 认真对待；重视 It’s widely accepted that… 人们普遍认为 take…into consideration 把……考虑在内 attract much attention 引起很多注意 (三) Dear Feng Ying, I’ve received your letter, in that you said you wanted to lose weight by dieting. It’s natural that girls of your age hope to look beautiful, and in my opinion, health overweighs beautiful. For a student, study is the first thing to consider but appearance is the second. while beauty but which So don’t let others’ ideas affect your normal life. However, if you did want to lose weight, it’s good idea to do it by taking exercise and change unhealthy eating habits. changing a do Furthermore, you should keep for a healthy state of mind, which is helpful in many aspects. I hope my advices will be helpful to you. I’m looking forward to hear from you. Yours, Li Hua hearing advice (三) 作者(Li Hua)给Feng Ying回信就如何合理减肥提供建议。 1. that→ which 非限制性定语从句不能用that引导。 2. and→ but 表转折用并列连词but。 3. beautiful→ beauty 作宾语要用名词形式。 4. but→ while 表对比用并列连词while。 5. did→ do 此处是强调谓语，而全文的主体时态是一般现在时，故要用do。 6. 在good前加a 由常用句型it’s a good idea to do sth.意为“做某事是个好主意”可知。idea是可数名词。 7. change→ changing 作介词by的宾语要用动词-ing形式，与前面的taking并列。 8. 去掉keep后的for 因keep是及物动词。 9. advices→ advice 因advice是不可数名词。 10. hear→ hearing 由固定短语look forward to doing sth.意为“期待做某事”可知。 overweigh vt. 比……重要 appearance n. 外貌 affect vt. 影响 furthermore adv. 此外 lose weight 减肥 of your age 你这个年龄的 normal life 正常生活 state of mind 心态 in many aspects 在很多方面 It’s natural that… ……是自然的 (四) I often quarrel about my mother over whether I can watch TV after school. She holds view that Senior 3 students must make fully use of every minute to work hard at their lessons. full the with It seems to me that once I’m allowed to do that, I’ll be unable to control myself and forgetting all about my study. She also thinks it’s bad for my eye. But I really can’t accept her ideas. eyes forget her In my view, watch TV can set my mind at rest after a day’s hard works. Besides, it’s important for us to know what had happened at home and at abroad. Thus, we shouldn’t be forbidden to watch TV. has work watching (四)本文作者和母亲关于自己能不能看电视展开了争论。 1. about→ with 由固定短语quarrel with sb.意为“和某人争论”可知。 2. 在view前加the 由固定短语hold the view意为“认为”可知。也可以说，view后有定语从句，表特指。 3. fully→ full 修饰名词use要用形容词full。 4. me→ her 根据上下文意思可推知，此处是指“对她来说好像”。 5. forgetting→ forget 情态动词后用动词原形，与be并列。 6. eye→ eyes 因eye是可数名词，此处理应是指“双眼”，故用复数。 7. watch→ watching 作主语要用动词-ing形式。 8. works→ work 因work是不可数名词。 9. had→ has 全文的主体时态是一般现在时，故此处要用现在完成时。 10. 去掉abroad前的at 由固定短语at home and abroad“在国内外”可知。abroad本身可作副词，前面无需加介词。 quarrel vi. 争吵；吵架 thus adv. 因此 once conj. 一旦 Senior 3 students 高三学生 work hard at… 努力学习 be forbidden to do 被禁止做 in my view 在我看来 set my mind at rest 让我的头脑休息一下 (五) Time is valuable but limit. There is a famous saying, “Time is life”, this shows the importance of time. When time had gone, it’ll never return. It’s a pity when many people make poor use of time. that has which limited They spend their precious time oversleeping, drinking and hanging around. They don’t realize wasting time is equal with wasting their life. They always regret having made little achievement so far. to However, we should form the habit of value time. Don’t put off what can be done today tomorrow. Laziness will not only bring us the failure, but also lead us to the road to poverty and even deaths. death till/until valuing Therefore (五)本文告诉我们，时间是有限的，我们要珍惜时间。 1. limit→ limited 作表语要用形容词。 2. this→ which 引导非限制性定语从句。 3. had→ has 全文的主体时态是一般现在时，故此处用现在完成时。 4. when→ that 由固定句型it’s a pity that意为“……很可惜”可知，that引导主语从句。 5. with→ to 由固定短语be equal to意为“与……相等”可知。 6. However→ Therefore 根据上下文，此处理应表“因果”关系，故要用Therefore。 7. value→ valuing 作介词of的宾语，要用动词-ing形式valuing，意为“珍惜”。 8. 在tomorrow前加till/until 由固定短语put off…till/until…意为“把……推迟到……”可知。till/until在此作介词，并非连接词。 9. 去掉failure前的the 抽象名词前不加冠词。此处是第一次提到，而且并无特指，故不用定冠词。 10. deaths→ death 因和poverty是并列关系，故用单数death。deaths意为“死亡人数”。 valuable adj. 有价值的 precious adj. 珍贵的 oversleep vi. 睡过头 poverty n. 贫穷 so far 迄今为止 put off 推迟 hang around 闲荡 form the habit of… 养成……的习惯 (六) Do you read reviews after you see a movie? I use to do that, but I usually regretted. I read so much about a movie on advance that I often ended up not go to see it at all. going in used before The writers point out everything that’s wrong with the film, but seldom mentions anything good about them. They also tell many things and even the ending of the movie. Lately I have changed way I choose movies to watch. the it mention I read reviews afterwards. What’s importance to me is that I don’t watch the talk shows in that people discuss movies. I don’t ask others how they like of it. Now, I enjoy myself even more. which important (六)本文作者就 “ 看电影评论的方式 ” 谈了自己的观点。 1. after→ before 根据下文可知，应该是在看电影之前看的评论，故用before。 2. use→ used 由固定短语used to do意为“过去常常”可知。 3. on→ in 由固定短语in advance意为“提前”可知。 4. go→ going 由固定短语end up doing意为“以……结束”可知。 5. mentions→ mention 主语是复数名词writers，故不用第三人称单数。 6. them→ it 指代前面的the film，故用单数it。 7. 在way前加the 此处表特指，故要用定冠词。 8. importance→ important 作表语要用形容词。 9. people前的that→ which 在带有介词的定语从句中不能用that。 10. 去掉like后的of 因like是及物动词。 review n. 评论 regret vi. 后悔 afterwards adv. 事后 point out 指出 talk show 访谈节目 even more 更多地 (七) Last week, students in our class held debate on whether we should shop online. Most students are in favor for it, think that shopping online can help people save time. thinking of a Besides, shopping online not only allow people to browse many items without leaving our homes, but also lets them compare the prices of goods in a short time. their allows More important, the Internet is open all day long, so it is of great convenient for those who are busy in the daytime. However, special attention must be pay to the safety of online shopping. People need to make sure of that they get that they have ordered before paying for the bill. what paid convenience importantly (七)本文论述了网络购物的优点和缺点。 1. 在debate前加a 因debate是可数名词，故要加不定冠词。 2. for→ of 由固定短语in favor of意为“赞同”可知。 3. think→ thinking 分析句子成分可知此处think作非谓语，且与逻辑主语students存在主动关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。 4. allow→ allows 本句主语是shopping online，谓语动词要用第三人称单数。 5. our→ their 由前面的people可知要用their。 6. important→ importantly 作状语要用副词形式。 7. convenient→ convenience 因be of great+抽象名词= be very+形容词。 8. pay→ paid 此处是被动，故要用过去分词。 9. 去掉make sure后的of 因make sure that+从句是固定句型，此处of显然是多余的。 10. get后的that→ what 引导宾语从句。根据语境可知应该用what才符合逻辑。 debate n. 辩论 browse vt. 浏览 item n. 物品 compare vt. 对比 goods n. 商品 order vt. 定购；定 ( 货 ) save time 节省时间 in a short time 在很短时间内 in the daytime 在白天 pay for the bill 买单 (八) With the development of our country’s economy, more and more people buy cars, that causes serious traffic problems and environmental pollution. As far as I am concerned about, the solutions of this problem are presented as follows. to which Firstly, the government should restrict the amount of car-buying and raises the costs of owning private cars. Secondly, cars from other places ought be limited to going to big cities. raise to Beside, the government should design different reasonable traffic system to help solve the traffic problems. In the word, traffic problems have increasing affected many aspects of our life. Therefore, we must spare no efforts to solving this problem. solve increasingly a systems Besides (八)本文就私家车越来越多从而引起的交通环境问题提出了一些解决措施。 1. that→ which 引导非限制性定语从句，关系代词只能用which。 2. 去掉concerned后的about 由固定结构as far as I am concerned意为“在我看来”可知。 3. of→ to 由固定搭配the solution to sth.意为“解决某事的方法”可知。 4. raises→ raise 因与前面的restrict并列，故用动词原形。 5. 在ought后加to 由固定短语ought to意为“应该”可知。 6. Beside→ Besides 因beside意为“在……旁边”， besides意为“此外”，故填Besides。 7. system→ systems 根据前面的different可知要用复数。system是可数名词。 8. the→ a 由固定短语in a word意为“总而言之”可知。 9. increasing→ increasingly 修饰后面的动词affected要用副词形式。 10. solving→ solve 由固定短语spare no efforts to do sth.意为“不遗余力地做某事”可知。 cause vt. 引起 solution n. 解决办法 restrict vt. 限制 present vt. 介绍；呈现 amount n. 数量 reasonable adj. 合理的 aspect n. 方面 as follows 如下 be limited to… 被限制…… spare no efforts to do sth. 不遗余力地做某事 as far as I am concerned 在我看来 with the development of… 随着……的发展