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冠词中的错用
2019
届二轮复习
真题再练
1. (2017
年全国
Ⅰ
卷
) In the summer holiday following my eighteenth birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was.
句意“我仍然记得第一天有多艰难”，表示第几天，序数词前要加定冠词
the
或者限定词
my
进行修饰。
the
或者
my
2. (2017
全国
Ⅱ
卷
)They live far from the school, and it takes them about a hour and
a half to go to work every day.
因
hour
是以元音音素开头的单词，故改为
an
；此处表示“一个半小时”，故
a
还可改为
one
。
an/one
3. (2017
全国
Ⅲ
卷
)
When I look at this picture of myself, I realize how fast time flies. …
Around me in picture are the things which
were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments.
特指上文提到过的“这幅照片”。故加定冠词
the
，还可以加物主代词
my
，限定
picture
。
the
或
my
4. (2016
全国
Ⅰ
卷
)My uncle says that he never dreams of becoming rich in the short period of time.
意思是他从不梦想“在一段短的时期内”致富，表示“一段”用
a
。
a
5. (2016
全国
Ⅱ
卷
) But in that case, we will learn little about world.
因
world(
世界
)
是独一无二的东西，前面要加定冠词
the
。
the
6. (2016
全国
Ⅲ
卷
) At the first, I thought
I knew everything and…
因
at first (
当初，起初
)
为固定词组。
7.(2015
全国
I
卷
) Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside.
the
因
in the countryside
（在农村）是固定词组。
8.(2015
全国
II
卷
) He liked it so much that he quickly walked into the shop… A woman saw him crying and told him to wait outside a shop.
特指上文提到的那家商店，用
the
。
the
9.(2014
全国
I
卷
) As result, the plants
are growing everywhere.
固定词组：
as a result
结果。
a
10.(2014
全国
II
卷
) My dream school looks like a big garden. There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom buildings.
不是特指，不用
the
。句意：教学楼周围有各种各样的花和树。
11.(2013
全国
I
卷
) In a fact, he even scared my classmates away when they came over to play or do homework with me.
固定词组：
in fact =in reality
事实上。
12.(2013
全国
II
卷
) This custom soon became another meal of day.
the
因除
all day (
整天
), by day(
白天
)
，
day by day (
一天一天地
), day after day(
日复一日
)
等固定短语外，
day
前应有限定词，不可单独使用；指“一天中的”要说
of the day
。
13.(2011
全国课标卷
) I was going to visit a friend there, and after that, I would go to Xiamen for long holiday.
因可数名词
holiday
是单数，前面应有限定词；表示“一个” 长假，填
a
，与
for a long time
类似。
a
思路点拨
1.
留意三无名词。
遇到无冠词、无形容词性物主代词、无不定代词修饰的单数可数名词要注意，若根据语境不是将其变为复数，就一定是在前面加冠词。如［真题再练］第
12
题。
2.
留意固定词组。
固定词组常积累，成就火眼金睛，一看便知错。如［真题再练］第
6
、
7
、
9
、
11
题。
3.
考究是否用错。
要根据冠词的基本用法，如定冠词表示特指，一般来说不是特指不用定冠词；不定冠词表泛指，常可译作“一个
/
本
/
支”等，意义不通，可能有错，如［真题再练］第
4
、
13
题。表泛指，
an
用于以元音音素开头的单词前，
a
用于以辅音音素开头的单词前，如［真题再练］第
2
题。冠词的基本用法可参见语法填空部分。
考点归纳
冠词在近
4
年
10
套题中考了
10
次，可算作必考点。主要从以下
3
个方面考查冠词：
1.
混用。
即
a, an
与
the
的混用
，
如［真题再练］第
2
、
4
、
8
题。
2.
多用。
如［真题再练］第
6
、
10
、
11
题
，
考查的内容是“零冠词”，即不用冠词的情况：
(1)
专有名词前，如
Tom, China
等。
(2)
学科名词前，如
I like physics
。
(3)
球类运动名词前，如
play football
等。
(4)
三餐名词前，如
have breakfast
等。
(5)
作同位语和补语的表示唯一职位名词前，如
chairman, president
等。
(6)
名词前已有物主代词或不定代词时，如
my teacher, some students
等。
(7)
抽象名词和物质名词等不可数名词表示泛指时，如
I’m fond of music
。
(8)
可数名词的复数形式表示泛指或指一类事物时，如［真题再练］第
10
题。
(9)
不用冠词的固定词组，如［真题再练］第
6
、
11
题。
3.
少用。
这是考查的重点，近
10
套题中就考了
5
次。如［真题再练］第
1
、
3
、
5
、
7
、
9
、
12
、
13
题。要特别留意含有冠词的固定词组，如［真题再练］第
7
、
9
题。
一、句子改错
1.
(2010
全国课标卷
)
My friend Nick told me story about his experience back in
the US…
可数名词单数
story
前加不定冠词，表示“一个”故事。
a
考点练透
2. (2009
全国课标卷
)… and they found me a comfortable one on second floor.
序数词前要用定冠词。
the
3. (2008
全国课标卷
) We were organizing an art exhibition for high school students in city.
应是为特指的某个城市的中学生举办的艺展。事实上，英语中没有
in city
的说法，但通常说
in town
。
the
4. (2014
大纲卷
)As a old saying goes,
“A friend in need is a friend indeed.”
因
old
的读音以元音音素开头。
an
5. (2013
大纲卷
)My mother is very kind and is friendly to everybody. So when I have the problem, I will turn to her for help.
不是特指
,
是泛指。
a
6. (2012
大纲
I) Every one of us can make a great efforts to cut down the use of energy in our country.
因
make a big effort to do sth(
尽很大努力做某事
)
是固定搭配。
effort
7. (2012
大纲卷
II) Many countries in the world find they don’t have enough water. To deal with a problem, I think, we should first go all out to plant trees…
特指上文提到的缺水“这个”问题。
the/this/that
8. (2011
大纲卷
I) One of my unforgettable memories of my school in Xinjiang is that of lunches we brought from our homes.
因
lunches
后有定语从句修饰，特指从家里带到学校的午餐。
the
9. (2011
大纲卷
II) If you’d like to make trip
to our city some day, I will be better than
happy to be your guide.
固定词组：
make a trip to
去旅行。
a
10. (2010
大纲卷
I) There was Uncle
Chen, gentleman living near my
house, who was a very famous writer.
表示 “一位” 绅士。
a
11. (2010
大纲卷
II) Last year, she decided to study abroad. In other words, we would be separated for long time.
表示分开很长“一段”时间。
a
12. (2009
大纲卷
II) Just before
I turned corner of Park Street,
I happened to see an accident.
特指
Park Street
的转角处。
the
13. (2007
大纲卷
I) “Because there are
more the honors and joys in my life.”
表示“更多的荣誉”是
more honors
，中间不用
the
。
14. (2007
大纲卷
II) I meant to write long
letter and tell you all the things…
因
letter
是单数可数名词，表示“一封”长信，要用不定冠词。
a
THANK YOU!