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- 2021-04-15 发布
2018
届二轮复习 介词
熟读深思
Born
in
［
1
］
Peking, Yuan Longping
graduated
from
［
2
］
Southwest Agricultural College in China
in
［
3
］
1953, and
since
［
4
］
his graduation he has devoted himself to
［
5
］
agricultural education and research. His pioneering research has helped rid China
of
［
6
］
hunger
within
［
7
］
three decades. In 1973,
in
［
8
］
cooperation with others, he was able to cultivate a type of hybrid rice species which had great advantages
over
［
9
］
others and whose output would increase
by
［
10
］
20 percent than that of common ones.
With
［
11
］
higher yields than previous varieties, Professor Yuan’s new crop, regarded as
［
12
］
the fifth invention
after
［
13
］
China’s Four Major Inventions, has quickly improved China’s food supply.
Without
［
14
］
any hesitation, he shared his knowledge
and technology with foreign scientists, so farmers in more than ten other countries
besides
［
15
］
China have thus benefited
from
［
16
］
his work, gaining access
to
［
17
］
his technology.
In
［
18
］
return, he was awarded
with
［
19
］
many international awards for his great achievements. In his spare time, Dr. Yuan loves playing the violin and listening to music. Every night, he reads
for
［
20
］
half
an hour
about
［
21
］
various topics before he goes to sleep. But he cares for nothing more than his research and he goes to the fields twice a day
by
［
22
］
motorbike, which has left a strong impression
on
［
23
］
us.
汉语译文：
袁隆平出生于北京，
1953
年毕业于中国西南农学院，自从毕业后，他一直致力于农业教育和研究工作。他开创性的研究已经帮助中国在三十年内摆脱了饥饿问题。
1973
年，通过与人合作，他培育出了一种优于其他品种的杂交水稻，其产量比普通品种的产量要高
20%
。由于这种新技术培育出的产量比以前高，因此，它被认为是继中国四大发明之后的第五大发明，迅速提高了中国的粮食供应。
他毫不犹豫地和外国科学家分享他的知识和技术，因而，除中国以外，还有另外十多个国家的农民能利用他的技术，从中受益。他也因他巨大的成就而获得多个国际大奖。在闲暇时间，他喜欢拉小提琴、听音乐。每晚睡觉前
,
他都会用半个小时阅读各种话题的书籍。他最为关心的是他的研究工作
,
他一天两次开摩托车到田里
,
这给我们留下了深刻的印象。
1. in
地点介词，在某个城市、国家等范围较大的地点前用
in
；小地点，如
station
，
airport
，
corner
等前面常用
at
。
2.
从某所学校毕业用
graduated from
。
3. in
用于年、月前用
in
。
4. since“
自
……
以后，从
……
以来”，表示某情况自过去某时间点或某个事件以来一直持续到现在，谓语动词通常使用完成时。
5.
介词
to
与动词
devote
构成词组
devote oneself to
表示“某人致力于某事”。
熟读深思
6.
词组
rid sb. of
表示“使某人摆脱”。
7.
介词
within
后面接一段时间，表示“不超过，在
……
的范围内”。
8.
固定搭配
in cooperation with,
表示“与
……
合作”。
9.
固定搭配
have advantages over
，表示“比
……
有优势”。
10. by
后接数量词，表示增加或减少的幅度。
11. with
表示“有”。
12. as
表示 “作为”。
13. after
表示“在
……
之后”。
14.
词组
without any hesitation
表示“毫不犹豫地”。
15. besides
表示 “除了
……
外，还”。
16.
词组
benefit from
表示“从
……
中受益”。
17. access
后常接介词
to
构成词组
access to
表示“可获得
/
利用某物或到达某地”。
18.
词组
in return,
表示“反过来，作为报答”。
19. be awarded with
表示“被授予”。
20. for
表示某事持续了一段时间。
21. about
关于；在
……
方面。
22. by
乘
(
交通工具
)
。
23. leave a strong impression on sb.
给某人留下深刻的印象。
介词与高考
介词后一定要接宾语，作宾语的通常是名词、代词或动名词或
what
从句。
1.
做语法填空时，若空格后是名词、代词、动名词或
what
从句，且他们在句中不是作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，这个空格就很可能是填介词。然后根据句子意思和空格前后词语的搭配习惯来确定填哪一个介词。
2.
在短文改错中，主要考查介词的多用、误用、漏用，以及介词后接动名词而不是动词原形。
一、单句填空
请填入一个适当的词。
灵活运用
1. So, I just looked at her _____ a questioning expression on my face.
表示脸上“带着”疑问的表情。
2. During the winter, they remind themselves, “This won’t last long
；
we’ll soon be out of here.” And ____ the first warm day, the ants are out.
表示“在”具体的某一天。
with
on
3. The new boy looked at the teacher ____ a few seconds and all the other students wondered what the boy would do.
表示某个动词或状态延续了多久，用“
for +
时间段”。
4. I didn’t want to be laughed at for talking to him but I didn’t like leaving him ____ his own either.
因
on one’s own (=alone)
是固定搭配。
for
on
5. His teacher took a deep drink and thanked his student very much for the sweet water. The young man went home _____a happy heart.
名词
a happy heart
在句中不作主语
,
也不作动词的宾语
,
就应是作介词的宾语
,
空格处应填介词
;
由句意可知
,
是指这个年轻人“带着”愉快的心情回家
,
表示“带着”用
with
。
with
6. Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered. She found some good quality pipes ____sale.
固定搭配
on sale,
表示“出售”。
on
7. When Jane got home, with her small but well-chosen present in her bag, her parents were already ___ table having supper.
名词
(table)
在句中不作主语
,
也不作动词的宾语
,
很可能就是作介词的宾语
;
由
having supper
可知
,
填
at;
因为
at table
表示“在餐桌边
,
在进餐”
,
也是习惯搭配。
at
8. He was very tired __________ doing this for a whole day.
因“他感到很累”应是“在他做了一整天事之后”
,
表示“在
…
之后”
,
用介词
after;
另外
be tired from doing
表示“因做某事而累”，所以也可填
from
。
after/ from
9. I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to who should have the honour of receiving me ___ a guest in their house.
意思是“把我当作客人”来接待
,
表示“当作
,
作为”
,
用介词
as
。
as
10. When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in the village, I wanted to reward the old woman ___ the trouble I had caused her.
表示“因
……
而酬谢
/
报答某人”是
reward sb. for sth.
。
for
11. I once took a walk along the street on a Saturday dusk, _____
a Pepsi can in my hand.
构成
with
复合结构，表伴随。
with
12. We should take some measures to fight _______ pollution.
短语：
fight against
同
……
作斗争。
13. During one visit ___the Pacific islands of Tonga
，
a specially-prepared dinner was arranged in her honor.
名词
visit
有“参观某地”之意，后接介词
to
，再接地点。
against
to
14. We’d better discuss everything ____ detail before we work out the plan.
搭配：
in detail
详细地。句意为：我们在执行计划之前最好详细地把所有事情讨论一番。
in
15. Try on this red skirt; you will look great ___ it.
表示“穿着”。
in
二、语篇填空
Mr. Brown was going away 1 _____a week. Before he left, he said to his son, “If anyone asks 2 ______me, you can tell him that your father has been out 3 ____doing something, and will be back 4 _____a week, then be sure
to ask him to sit down 5 ______ a cup of tea.”
“OK, Dad,” said his son. But he was afraid his son couldn’t remember this, he wrote these words down 6 _____a piece of paper and gave it 7 _____him.
for
for
for
in
for
on
to
His son put it 8 _____ his small pocket, took it out and looked 9 _____it every now and then.
Four days passed, but no one came to see his father. The boy thought that there was no man to come and that the piece of paper was 10 _____no more use for him, so he burnt it that evening.
The next afternoon, someone knocked 11 _____ the door.
into
at
of
at
The boy opened it. A man was standing 12 _____ the door and said, “Where is your father?” The boy put his hand into his pocket 13 _____once and looked 14 ____ the piece of paper. He could not find it. He suddenly remembered he had burnt it, so he shouted, “No more.”
The man asked 15 ____ surprise, “No more? I met your father last week. When did it happen?”
at
at
for
in
本文是个笑话，笑料在于
no more
有“没有了”“死了”等不同含意。
1. for
表示持续多久，用“
for+
时间段”。
2. for
词组
ask for sb.
意为“找某人”。
3. for
表示目的，此处
for doing
相当于
to do
。
4. in
表示过多久后将会做某事，用“
in+
时间段”。
5. for
表示目的用
for
，此处相当于
to have
。
6. on
表示“在纸上”写下来。
7. to
因“把某物给某人”是
give sth. to sb.
。
8. into
将纸条“放入”口袋里。
9. at
因
look at
表示“看”。
10. of
因
of use =useful
。
11. at
因
knock at the door
表示“敲门”。
12. at
因
at the door
表示“在门口”。
13. at
因
at once
表示“立即，马上”。
14. for
因
look for
表示“寻找”。
15. in
因表示“惊奇地”用
in surprise
。
三、单句改错
1. I worked like a postman for a short time, but I am afraid of dogs and I had a lot of trouble.
like→ as
因为
work as a postman
表示“当邮递员”。
2. No sooner had I got off my bicycle than a large dog ran towards the gate, barking loudly to me.
to→ at
指狗“朝”我大声叫，用
at
。
3. The terrible-looking dog picked the card immediately and carried it in the house. The dog was a good postman.
in→ into
把明信片叼“进”房子里。
into
表示“进入”，
in
表示“在
……
里”。
4. In a very cold and windy morning, Miss Jones walked to the school, and the cold wind went into her eyes, and big tears began rolling out of them.
In→ On
通常说
in the morning/ afternoon/ evening
，但是当它们与形容词连用表示“在一个
……
样的上午
/
下午
/
晚上”时，或表示具体某天的上午
/
下午
/
晚上时，要用
on
。又如：
on the morning of the 10th of September
在
9
月
10
日上午。
5. In my surprise, two fire engines were outside my house.
In→ To
固定搭配：
to sb.’s
surprise
让某人吃惊的是
……
。
6. I told about the firemen that it was my careless cooking that caused the heavy smoke.
去掉
about
由
tell sb. sth. (
告诉某人某事）可知。
7. Paddy and I wanted to go off for help, but Mike insisted staying near the car.
在
insisted
后加
on
insist on doing sth.(
坚持要求做某事
)
。
8. Japan is known for the land of the cherry blossom(
樱花
) because of in the spring of the year the cherry trees are so beautiful.
(1)
for→ as
因
be known as…
表示“被称为，作为
……
而著名”，
be known for…
表示“因
……
而著名”，
be known to sb.
表示“为某人所熟知”。
(2)
去掉
because
后的
of
因为其后是句子，要用连词
because
，而
because of
是短语介词，其后不能接从句
(what he said
之类的从句除外
)
。
9. As is known by all, the Internet is playing a more and more important part on our daily life.
(1)
by→ to
因为
As is known to all(
众所周知
)
是固定词组。
(2)
on→ in
因
play a part in sth.(
在
……
中起作用
)
也是固定词组。
10. Under his help, I have made rapid progress and caught up the class.
(1)
Under→ With
表示“在某人的帮助下”，用
with sb.’s
help = with the help of sb.
来表达。
(2)
在
caught up
后加
with
因
catch up with
是表示“赶上”的固定词组。