- 871.00 KB
- 2021-04-14 发布
2018
届二轮复习
阅读专项
七选五解题技巧
七选五短文的特点
(1)
选材特点：短文一般为
300
词左右的说明文或
议论文，其 中正文词数
240
左右，
选项词数
60
左右；
(2)
短文篇章结构常为：提出问题
——
解决问题；
(3)
七个选项意义上都与短文相关，设空类型一般
有标题类、段落主题句类、过渡句类、细节类；
(4)
选项均为完整句子，句型不一。
300词
提出问题
——
解决问题
标题类、段落主题句类、过渡句类、细节类
完整句子，句型不一
How many steps
do you have when you do this type of reading comprehension?
Discussion
主旨大意把握好 读懂选项更重要
关键信息相匹配 核查排除不可少
速读全文，理清文章结构，了解大意知主题。
抓住段落大意，理清句际关系（意义、衔接）。
浏览七个选项，抓住各中关键词，注意衔接手段及上下文构成的逻辑关系，结合排除法初步确定选项（形意结合，瞻前顾后，先易后难）。
代入选项，复核层次划分有无错误，语义是否连贯。
分析干扰项，确定排除理由（依据主旨、衔接和关键词） 。
解题步骤(
“
二十八字
”
)
设空类型
1.
？
2.
？
3.
？
题型特点：
According to the questions' location, we can divide the five quesitons into three types.
段首
段 中
段 尾
主题型(theme)
承上启下型
(transition)
概括总结型
(summary)
类型一：主题型
解题技巧：
How to settle the type of question?
测试1
:
主题型
(
2014
年辽宁卷)
●Protect against UV rays. (
略
)
●
Give your eyes a break. (
略
)
●
39
As part of a healthy diet, eat more fruits and vegetables each day. Vitamins (
维生素
) C and E help protect eyesight and promote eye health.
A. Eat your greens.
B. Eye care should begin early in life.
C. They can properly protect your eyes.
D. Stay in good shape by taking more vitamins.
E. Parents usually don’t care about their own eyesight.
F. Always follow the doctor’s advice for appropriate wear.
G. This frequent eye activity increases the risk for eye tiredness.
A
about body
about protecting eyes
设空类型
1.
?
2.
？
3.
？
题型特点：
问题通常在段首
解题技巧：
1. 对照前后标题或主题句结构，初步判断其类型 2. 根据词汇复现来确定答案
段首
段首
主题型(theme)
词汇复现，
是作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概念进行
重复描述
。复现关系，主要是指
原词复现
、
同义词复现
、
反义词复现
等。
___________________
As part of a healthy diet, eat more fruits and vegetables each day. Vitamins (
维生素
) C and E help protect eyesight and promote eye health.
When a person is asking a question, show interest and a desire to understand the question by listening and asking for clarification.
(2010新课标全国卷）
l
Show your true interest.
Eat your greens.
1. The basic function of money(略)
2. Money lessons(略)
3.
74
Begin at the grocery store. Pick out similar brands of a product —a name brand butter and a generic(无商标产品), for example. You can show your child how to make choices between different brands of a product so that you can save money.
A. Wise decision.
B. The value of money.
C. Permit the child to choose between them.
D. Tell your child why he can—or cannot—have certain things.
E. Ask yourself what things that cost money are most important to you.
A
测试2
:
主题型
（2011新课标全国卷）
=make wise decision
类型二：承上启下型
解题技巧：
How to settle the type of question?
测试1
:
2014新课标I卷
1. Curiosity
Your children need to be deeply curious.
37
. Ask kids, “What ingredients (配料)can we add to make these pancakes even better next time ?” and then try them out. Ingredients make the pancakes better? What could we try next time?
A. Encourage kids to cook with you.
B. And we can’t forget science education.
C. We can give kids chances to think about materials in
new ways.
D. So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don’t
yet exist?
E. Gardening is another great activity for helping kids
develop this skill.
A
设空类型
1.
段 首：
2.
?
3.
？
主题型(theme)
题型特点：
问题通常在段中
解题技巧：
1. 根据词汇复现来确定答案
2. 根据表逻辑关系的衔接词来确定答案
3. 代词线索来确定答案
承上启下型
(transition)
段中
段 中
One is the establishment（制定）of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales; the purchase of equipment, materials and supplies; and accounting.
74
The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments.
D. However, some businesses only seek to earn enough
to cover their operating costs.
E. The second aspect relates to the application of these
policies by departments.
F. In the theory of business management, organization
has two main aspects.
G. Planning in business management has three main
aspects.
E
测试2
:
2014新课标II卷
衔接词
(1) Get support. When you need help, reach out to the people who care about you. Talk to a trusted adult, such as a parent or other relatives.
72
They might have had similar problems, such as dealing with a test, or the death of a beloved pet.
A. Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough
situation.
B. Notice your friends' feelings and find a way to help
them.
C. Different people feel stress in different ways.
D. Ah, it feels so good when the stress is gone.
E. You need to figure out what the problem is.
F. And don't forget about your friends.
G. Then, find a way to calm down.
F
测试3
:
2012新课标卷
代词线索
类型三：概括总结型
解题技巧：
How to settle the type of question?
Protect against UV rays (紫外线).
Long-term stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes. No matter what the season is, it's extremely important to wear sunglasses.
37
A. Eat your greens.
B. Eye care should begin early in life.
C. They can properly protect your eyes.
D. Stay in good shape by taking more vitamins.
E. Parents usually don’t care about their own
eyesight.
F. Always follow the doctor’s advice for appropriate
wear.
G. This frequent eye activity increases the risk for
eye tiredness.
C
测试1
:
2014辽宁
设空类型
1.
段 首：
2.
段 中:
3.
?
题型特点：
问题通常在段尾
解题技巧：
选项中可发现前文的同义词句。另外，
注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的
信号词，如therefore, as a result, thus, in
short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等。
段尾
概括总结型
(summary)
段 尾
承上启下型
(transition)
主题型(theme)
测试1：
2012新课程标准
(2) Don't take it out on yourself.
Sometimes when kids are stressed and upset they take it out on themselves. Oh, dear, that's not a good idea. Remember that there are always people to help you. Don't take it out on yourself.
73
A. Ask for a helping hand to get you through the
tough situation.
B. Notice your friends' feelings and find a way to
help them.
C. Different people feel stress in different ways.
D. Ah, it feels so good when the stress is gone.
E. You need to figure out what the problem is.
F. And don't forget about your friends.
G. Then, find a way to calm down.
A
反 馈 练 习
●
Get a coach (略)
●
Focus on positives (略)
●
53
If you find a public speaking course that looks as though it's going to give you lots of dos and don'ts, walk away! Your brain is so full of what you're going to be talking about. So trying to force a whole set of rules into it will just make things worse. As far as we're concerned, there are basically no hard and fast rules about public speaking. Your audience can be your friends.
A. You aren't like anybody else
B. You already do lots of things well
C. Turn your back on too many rules
D. Check the rules about dos and don'ts
E. Whatever the presentation, public speaking is tough
F .The one thing you don't want is for them to fall asleep
C
测试1
:
201
3年新课标II卷
Say no to many rules
主题型
Understanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids. We know what’s going on inside our own head, but what about others? Being able to read people helps kid from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions.
39
. “Why do you think she’s crying?” “Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face?” “If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel?”
D. So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don’t
yet exist?
E. Gardening is another great activity for helping kids
develop this skill.
F. We can do this in real life or ask questions about
characters in stories.
G. Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is
a valuable skill.
F
测试2
:
2014新课标I卷
承上启下
测试3：
2012新课程标准
These steps aren't magic, but they do work. And if you can stay positive as you make your way through a tough time, you'll help yourself feel better even faster.
75
A. Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation.
B. Notice your friends' feelings and find a way to help them.
C. Different people feel stress in different ways.
D. Ah, it feels so good when the stress is gone.
E. You need to figure out what the problem is.
F. And don't forget about your friends.
G. Then, find a way to calm down.
D
概括总结型
设空类型
1.
主题型
2.
承上启下型
3.
概括总结型
本节课小结
:
七选五阅读解题技巧
结构
词汇复现
衔接词
词汇复现
代词
信息词
同义词句
2011年辽宁卷技巧解析
...
and that can be a very annoying thing.
71
Read on for some techniques worth trying.
1.
72
People who regularly made plans and looked forward to upcoming events...
73
Something as simple as setting a goal to have a weekly coffee date with a friend will do.
...exercise produces chemicals that are good for your brain.
74
...are physically active at the same time.
75
Or go dancing with your friends
段中
段首
段中
段尾
段中
F
A
E
G
C
2. Go for a walk 3. Learn something new
综合练习二（2015新课标I卷）
BEACG
Good Luck