安徽望江县 2017 高考英语阅读理解一轮选练（三） 9页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 安徽望江县 2017 高考英语阅读理解一轮选练（三） 阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C 和 D) 中, 选出最佳选项。 (原创)Taking exams in a large group setting can be stressful for students and for the staff members who are watching over them. When classrooms are crowded and desks are close together, cheating might be tempting. One university in Thailand came up with an anti-cheating hat that makes it almost impossible for students to see other students’ papers. A photo of the students wearing the anti-cheating hats made its way to the Internet, and the university was criticized for making students wear those ridiculous looking homemade hats. The hats were made by stapling pieces of paper onto a headband, one to each side of the head. After being criticized, senior academic staff at Kasetsart University in Bangkok, Thailand, released a statement saying that the hats idea came from students. They said that in a bid to prevent cheating they asked the students for ideas on how to prevent cheating in the upcoming exam, which was being taken by almost one hundred students. Students came up with different ideas, then the paper hat idea was selected by them as the most suitable. The university claimed that no one was forced to use the hat, but they all chose to do so. “When wearing the hat during the exam, students felt more relaxed, ”Nattadon Rungruangkitkrai, a lecturer at the university said. “It was not meant to indicate that Kasetsart students often cheat on exams. I apologize if the photo makes other people look at my students in a negative way, ”Rungruangkitkrai added. 【文章大意】很多人在一起考试对监考老师来说压力不小。近日, 泰国某大学就想出了防作 弊帽的点子, 这样就不用担心学生偷看其他人的试卷了。此举引起了广泛的争议。 1. According to the text, in which case cheating will become easy? A. When desks are crowded into a classroom. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 B. When too many students are sitting in a classroom. C. When students are too stressful. D. When the staff members who are watching over them are not responsible. 【解析】选 B。细节理解题。根据第二段 When classrooms are crowded and desks are close together, cheating might be tempting. 可知本题选 B。 2. Why was the university criticized? A. The university was too strict. B. The university prevented students cheating. C. The university made students wear strange looking hats. D. The students chose to use the hats. 【解析】选 C。细节理解题。由第三段第二句中的 the university was criticized for making students wear those ridiculous looking homemade hats. 可知本题选 C。 3. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs? A. The senior academic staff at the university made the paper hat idea. B. The students felt more stressful when wearing the hat during the exam. C. The students don’t like wearing the hats when taking the exam. D. The students are not forced to wear the hats when taking the exam. 【解析】选 D。推理判断题。根据第四段及第五段的观点可知本题选 D。 4. What’s the best title of the text? A. How to make the anti-cheating hat B. Anti-cheating hat was criticized C. Anti-cheating hat D. Anti-cheating hat was considered the most suitable choice 【解析】选 C。主旨大意题。由全文可知, 文章主要介绍的是反作弊帽, 其他选项都是文章 细节。故本题选 C。 【2014 高考英语吉林省长春市调研试题】A 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 上将该项涂黑。 Paddling (涉水；划水）out to catch the next wave at a competition in Christchurch, New Zealand, James Tuhikarama had a heart attack, which knocked him off his surfboard (冲浪板).He almost choked to death in the water, lost consciousness, and was soon floating facedown in the ocean. For a few moments, no one noticed as he drifted away from the main competition area. About that time, Hira Edmonds, 25, a lifeguard and a senior instructor for a surf-safety company, was teaching 14 other lifeguards the finer points of emergency rescue on the second floor of a building overlooking New Brighton beach. Edmonds had watched dozens of surfers ride the waves that day. As he glanced out of the window, he saw someone in a wet suit facedown in the water. "It doesn't take much to realize someone's in trouble," says Edmonds. "Lifeguards are never really off duty." Edmonds called the team, grabbed first aid equipment, and rushed down to the water. The lifeguards dragged Tuhikarama, 47 and a father of two, to the beach. More than a dozen rescuers took turns pumping oxygen and pressing his chest to start his breathing again. For nearly an hour—far longer than a single lifeguard would have been able to continue the lifesaving technique—the team continued all these. An ambulance finally arrived and took Tuhikarama to the hospital, where he spent a week unconscious in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) while his brain and heart healed. A month after he recovered, Tuhikarama reunited with six of the teenage lifeguards who saved him. "Being spotted by a group of lifeguards was the only thing that saved me," he says. "I've been given a second chance." 56. What was James Tuhikarama doing when he had a heart attack? A. Surfing the internet. B. Taking part in a competition. C. Paddling a boat in the ocean. D. Swimming in the swimming pool. 57. What can we learn from the text? A. James called for help before he drifted away. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 B. James had two sons watching him on the beach then. C. No one was willing to help James except the lifeguards. D. James met the lifeguards after he came out of hospital. 58. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A. Lifeguards are always off duty. B. James didn't know who saved his life. C. It took James several days to come back to life. D. Hira was learning to rescue lives when he spotted James. 59. Where will you probably read this text? A. In a newspaper. B. In a textbook. C. In a fashion magazine. D. In a science fiction. A 篇： 【语篇解读】 这是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个参加冲浪比赛的人落水被救的故事。 56.B【命题立意】 细节理解题。 【试题解析】 由文章第一段第一句可知，James 在参加冲浪比赛。 57.D【命题立意】 推理判断题。 【试题解析】从文章最后一段的 “A month after he recovered, Tuhikarama reunited with six of the teenage lifeguards who saved him.”可知。 58.C【命题立意】 细节理解题。 【试题解析】 由第二段最后一句话中“…he spent a week unconscious in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) while his brain and heart healed.”可知。 59.A【命题立意】 推理判断题。 【试题解析】 根据文章可以判断该文章应该出现在报纸上，是一个新闻报道。 【2014 高考英语湖北省襄阳市统考试题】D When asking how they define the American Dream and chances, most people will say,"Success．" The dream of individual opportunity has been present in America since Europeans discovered "The New World" in the Western Hemisphere． Early immigrants like Hector St． Jean de Crevecoeur highly praised the freedom and opportunity to be found in this new land． His enthusiastic descriptions of a classless society 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 where anyone could．attain success through honesty and hard work motivated the imaginations of many European readers．In Letters from an American Farmer（1782） he wrote, "We are all excited at the spirit of an industry which is unfettered （无拘无束的）and unrestricted, because each person works for himself…We have no princes, for whom we work, starve, and bleed． We are the most perfect society now existing in the world．" The promise of a land where "the rewards of a man's industry_ follow the progress of his labor with equal steps" drew poor immigrants from Europe into the western lands． Our national historical story is full of illustration of the American success story． For instance, Benjamin Franklin was the very model of the self-educated, self-made man, who rose from modest origins to become a well-known scientist, philosopher, and statesman． In the nineteenth century, Horatio Alger, a writer of fiction for young boys, became American's best-selling author with his rags-to-riches tales, The idea of success impressed us: we spend millions every year reading about the rich and famous, leaming how to "make a fortune in real estate （房地产）with no money down," and "dressing for success．" The story of success has even affected our personal relationships: today it's as important to be "successful" in marriage or parenthoods as it is to come out on top in business． But dreams easily turn into nightmares（梦魇）．Every American who hopes to "make it" also knows the fear of failure, because the story of success implies comparison between the haves and the have-nots, the stars and the unknown crowd．Under pressure of the story, we become lost in status symbols: we try to live in the "right" neighborhoods, wear the "right" clothes, and eat the "right" foods．These symbols of distinction assure us and others that we believe strongly in the fundamental equality of all, yet try as hard as we can to separate ourselves from our fellow citizens． 63． What is the r ature of the American Dream according to Crevecoeur？ A． People are free to develop their power of imagination． B． People who have a good marriage can succeed． C． People are free from being used and treated badly． D． People can fully enjoy individual freedom． 64． By saying "the rewards of a man's industry follow the progress of his labor with equal steps", the author means ． A． the more hard-working one is, the bigger his returns are 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 B． hard work ensures the growth of an industry C． a man's business should be developed step by step D． a comp．any's success depends on its employees' hard work 65． It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that ． A． business success often contributes to a successful marriage B． Americans wish to succeed in every aspect of life C． good personal relationships lead to business success D． successful business people provide good care for their children 66． Which of the following is contradictory according to the American culture？ A． The American road to success is full of nightmares． B． Status symbols are not a real symbol of a person's wealth． C． The American Dream is nothing but an empty dream． D． What Americans fight for often disagrees with their beliefs． 【参考答案】63-66：DABD 【2014 高考英语湖北省襄阳市统考试题】E A single tumor（肿瘤）can be made up of many separate cancers needing different treatments, say researchers． A team at the Institute of Cancer Research, London, has developed a new technique for measuring the diversity within a cancer． They showed "extraordinary" differences between cancerous cells and say traditional drugs may fail as they may be unable to kill all the mutated （突变）tissue．Experts said the f'mdings would have "far-reaching effects" for treatments． A tumor starts as a single cell, which acquires mutations and eventually divides uncontrollably．But that is not the end of the process． Cancerous cells continue to mutate and become more aggressive, move round the body and resist drugs． This process is disordered and results in a "diverse" tumor containing cancerous cells that have mutated in different ways． "This has huge implications for medicine," researcher Prof Mel Greaves told the BBC． His team at the Institute of Cancer Research investigated cancer diversity in five children with leukemia．They compared mutations in individual cancerous cells with a known database of mutations．Their results, published in the journal Genome Research, showed patients had between 2 and 10 genetically distinct leukemia．Prof 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 Greaves said:"Every patient doesn't have one cancer, they have multiple cancers． This is really a technical advance to get at this extraordinary complex diversity; it helps explain why we have such difficulty with advanced diseases．" Scientists compare cancer diversity to a tree． The initial mutations the trunk will be common to all cancer cells． But then the tumor branches out． It means a treatment that targets one "branch" or sub-clone of the cancer might slow the disease, but they will never stop it． Prof Charles Swanton, who researches diversity at the University College London Cancer Institute, told the BBC:"We call it pruning（修 剪） the branches not cutting down the tree; treatment will remove some of the sub-clones, but cutting down the tree is hard to do． The bottom line is that we need to understand cancer diversity to limit further adaptations, reduce the pace of evolution and prolong the activity of drugs．" 67． Why do the traditional drugs have no effects on treatment of cancer？ A． They are worsening the condition． B． They are unable to kill the constantly changing cancerous cells． C． It takes a long time for them to have effects． D． They are not powerful enough． 68． From paragraph 3, we can know that ． A． mutation takes place in body in order B． the process of mutation comes to an end soon C． the mutations are out of control eventuaily D． cancerous cells mutate in the same way 69． Scientists compare cancer diversity to a tree because ． A． cancers develop quickly just like a tree B． treating cancers is as difficult as cutting down a tree C． tumor needs nutrition when mutating D． new tumor will come out during the mutating process 70． The passage mainly talks about ． A． the tumor is constantly mutating in different ways B． cancer is impossible to treat C． a new drug for cancer will be on sale D． why cancers resist drugs 【参考答案】67-70：BCDA 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 8 【2014 高考英语吉林省长春市调研试题】B Jiang Zhongjie, 19, a second-year student majoring in biology at Xiamen University’ looks at job websites almost every day. As summer vacation approaches, he can't decide which internship (实习) position would benefit him. "I think it is hard to know what would be a meaningful intern job,” he said. “Most of the time, the positions on offer are low paid, boring jobs, such as sales promotion," said Jiang. Last month, during an education forum, Huang Guitian, assistant to the president of Peking University, called for a halt to the internships of lower quality, regarding them as “dull and meaningless, affecting students' academic performance". Huang conducted a mini survey, showing “80 percent of students merely do odd (零散的) jobs on internship". But employers and students may have different attitudes. According to a survey of 116 Beijing and Shanghai-based companies by Zhaopin.com，a leading human resource services site, nearly 60 percent said they still valued applicants’ hands-on experience most. Zhang Jianhong, HR director in Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd agreed with this idea and believes that internship even goes beyond gaining experience. "An internship actually offers a great chance for students to get an inside glimpse of a company, an industry and a particular occupation," he said. He says it can help interns discover whether the career they are considering is suitable for them. And if students are aware of which industry they would like to enter, Zhang suggests that they select an internship in a relevant field, with the potential to turn into a formal job offer. 60. What does the word “halt" in the third paragraph probably mean? A. Stop. B. Beginning. C. Progress. D. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 9 Delay. 61. What does Jiang Zhongjie think of intern jobs? A. They are meaningful. B. They are not exciting. C. The pay lives up to his expectations. D. Internship improves students' learning abilities. 62. We may learn from the text that ________. A. all the people have the same attitude towards internship B. less and less companies think highly of applicants' working experience C. Zhang Jianhong believes that an internship benefits students in some way D. the students can't change their career once they select an internship in some field 63. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. No Internship, No Job B. Internship. Good or Bad C. Internship Helps Find a Job D. Where to Find an Intern Job B 篇： 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇有关大学生毕业实习的报道。不同的人对于实习有着不同的 观点，褒贬不一。 60.A【命题立意】 词义猜词题。 【试题解析】 根据第三段 “lower quality”,“dull and meaningless, affecting students’ academic performance…”等可知，此处是呼吁停止实习。 61.B【命题立意】 推理判断题。 【试题解析】 通过第二段话可知。 62.C【命题立意】 推理判断题。 【试题解析】 从文章倒数第二段话可知。 63.B【命题立意】 主旨大意题。 【试题解析】 人们对实习的评价褒贬不一，态度各异。因此，选 B 比较符合。