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必修一 Module 5 A Lesson in a Lab
(主题语境:人与社会——科学与技术)
1.conclusion
n
.结论;结束
◆单句填空
①When he brings his speech to a nice
conclusion
(conclude), Whaley invites
the rest of the class to praise him.(2019课标全国Ⅰ)
②It can be
concluded
(conclude) that restaurant keepers need not “be overly
concerned about ‘bad’ tables”, given that they
'
re profitable.
③When the group discussion is nearing its end, make sure to conclude it
with
an
important point.
重点单词
④After a careful investigation, we drew a
conclusion
that
their decision was
wrong.
⑤
In
conclusion, I would like to say how much I have enjoyed myself today.
◆句型转换
⑥To conclude, I would like to thank everybody who helped me.
→
In conclusion
, I would like to thank everybody who helped me.
⑦What can you conclude from the evidence you
'
ve heard?
→What
conclusion
can you
draw
from the evidence you
'
ve heard?
点拨
(1)draw/come to/arrive at/reach a conclusion得出结论
make a conclusion下结论
bring...to a conclusion使
……
结束
in conclusion最后;总之
(2)conclude
v
.得出结论;断定;推断出;结束
conclude sth. with...就某事与
……
达成协议;以
……
结束
conclude
(从
……
中)推断出
……
to conclude总而言之,最后
2.aim
n
.目的;目标;瞄准
v
.瞄准;对准;目标在于
◆单句填空
①Jane
moved
aimlessly
(aim) down the tree-lined street, not knowing where
she was heading.
②They
'
re
aiming
to reduce
(reduce) unemployment by 50%.
③The special course is
aimed
(aim) at developing children
'
s appreciation
of music.
④In another experiment
aimed
(aim) at testing long-term memory, students
took notes as before but were tested a week after the lecture.
⑤Earth Day, marked on 22 April, is an annual event
aiming
(aim) to raise
public awareness about environmental protection.
◆句型升级
An activity was held last week.It was aimed at improving the students
'
abilities
of listening and speaking.
⑥An activity was held last week
,
which was aimed at improving the students
'
abilities of listening and speaking
.(使用定语从句升级)
⑦An activity was held last week
,
aimed at improving the students
'
abilities of
listening and speaking
.(使用非谓语动词升级)
点拨
(1)achieve one
'
s aim实现某人的目标
take aim at sb./sth.把目标对准某人/物
with the aim of意在
……
aim to do sth./aim at doing sth. 力求做某事
be aimed at目的是;旨在
(2)aimless
adj
.无目的的
aimlessly
adv
.无目标地
易错
在take aim at中,aim前不能加冠词,即使aim前有形容词,也不可加冠词。
3.react
v
. (化学)反应
◆单句填空
①When we use metals,it is important to know how they react
with
different
substances,for example,water and oxygen.(教材原句)
②They were not sure how the Americans would react
to
the new type of
music.
③What was Jeff
'
s reaction
to
the news that he was chosen to be chairman of
the students
'
union?
④In our daily life, everyone fails every now and then. It is
how
you react
that makes a difference.
◆完成句子
⑤他不相信
,
甚至强烈反对我。
He didn't believe it and even
reacted strongly against
me.
⑥
一个人对批评做出怎样的反应通常意味着他是成功还是失败。
How a person reacts to
criticism often means the difference between success and failure.
点拨
(1)react to 对
……
做出反应
react with 和
……
反应
react against 反对
(2)reaction
n
.反应;起作用
reaction to对
……
做出的反应
4.balance
n
.天平;平衡;剩余;余额
v
.(使)平衡;权衡
◆赏句猜义 写出下面句中balance的含义。
①The current
balance
in your account is ￡1,182.
余额
◆完成句子
②尽管我很害怕,我还是尽量保持平衡,以免摔倒。
Frightened as I was, I tried to
keep my balance
to prevent me from falling
off.
③这个男孩在追他哥哥的时候失去了平衡
,
狠狠地摔了一跤。
When he was running after his brother, the boy
lost his balance
and had a bad
fall.
④
你工作太辛苦了
,
你最好在工作和放松之间保持平衡。
You are working too hard. You
'
d better
keep a balance
between work and
relaxation.
⑤很多人已经开始意识到他们应该保持饮食均衡。
Many people have come to realize that they should
keep a balanced diet
.
点拨
(1)balance
n
.平衡;天平;剩余;余额
keep one
'
s balance 保持平衡
break one
'
s balance 打破平衡
lose one
'
s balance 失去平衡
on balance=on the whole/generally speaking总的说来
(2)balance
v
.(使)平衡;权衡
balance A with/and B同等重视(相对的两个事物或方面)
(3)balanced
adj
.平衡的
a balanced diet 均衡饮食
助记
5.form
v
.形成
n
.形式;表格
◆单句填空
①When heated in oxygen, it
burns
to form
(form) an oxide.(教材原句)
②When we read books,
pictures
form
(form) in our brains instead of before
our eyes.
◆完成句子
③建筑物的曲线和山的高低起伏完美结合
,
形成了一种独特的景色。
The curves(
曲线
) of the buildings perfectly match the rise and fall of hills,
forming a unique view
.(2018
课标全国
Ⅲ)
④如果你以问题的方式提出请求的话
,
会听起来有礼貌得多。
You
'
d sound a little more polite if you make a request
in the form of
a
question.
⑤培训课程采取一系列研讨会的形式。
The training
programme
takes the
form of
a series of workshops.
点拨
(1)form
v
.形成
form the habit of形成/养成
……
的习惯
form one
'
s character塑造某人的性格
(2)form
n
.形式
in the form of以
……
的形式
take the form of采取
……
的形式
(3)form
n
.表格
fill in a form填表
1.add...to...往
……
加入
……
;把
……
加到
……
◆单句填空
①Add some oil
to
the water.(教材原句)
②
Adding
(add) the money to her fund made Georgia agree to sell some of
her objects.(2018课标全国Ⅲ)
③The dictionary is out of date: many words have been added
to
the lan-
guage since it was published.
重点短语
④You
'
d better add
up
your scores and see if you have passed the exam.
⑤She jogged for several miles every day in addition to
eating
(eat) less to
lose weight.
◆语段填空(用add及相关短语填空)
⑥The boss said it was not easy to manage a
company.He
added that
the financial
crisis
added to
the difficulty.However, the dormitory for workers needed
improving and they
would
add
a toilet
to
each room.He
added up
the
expenses and the total
added up to
more than 1,000,000
yuan
.
点拨
(1)add to 增加;增添(多用于抽象意义)
add up 把
……
加起来;合计
add up to 总计为;加起来达到
add that...补充说
……
(2)addition
n
.加;增加;(数)加法
in addition 另外;此外(还有)
in addition to 除
……
之外还有
(3)additional
adj
.额外的;附加的
additional cost 额外的费用
助记
2.used to过去(常常)
……
◆单句填空
①I never used to
enjoy
(enjoy) science, but last year I changed schools, and
the science teachers at my new school are excellent.(教材原句)
② He used
to be
(be) shy but now he can talk freely to anyone he meets.
③I
'
m not used to
eating
(eat) so much at lunchtime.
◆完成句子
④这些大量的从那片森林里砍伐的木料是用来修建这座桥的。
The large amount of wood which is cut from that forest
is used to
build the
bridge.
⑤事故就发生在我们过去居住过的那个村子里。
It was in the village where we
used to live
that the accident happened.
点拨
(1)used to do sth. 过去常常做某事
used to be 过去曾经是
there used to be 过去常常有
(2)be/get used to (doing) sth.习惯(做)某事
be used to do sth. 被用来做某事
3.be supposed to应当;理应
◆单句填空
①I
'
m going to try to go to either Montreal or Ottawa University,as both are supposed
to have
(have) good Physics Departments.(教材原句)
②The place at which the bridge is supposed
to be built
(build) should be where the traffic is the heaviest.
③If you go to Xi
'
an, you will find the places there more magnificent than commonly
supposed
(suppose).
④
Supposing that
(suppose)you have no idea how to use the washing machine,
you can refer to the instructions.
◆
完成句子
⑤我很早就来到了拜伦湾
,
我们应该在这儿见面。
I arrived early at Byron Bay where we
were supposed to meet
.
⑥这部电影我没看过,不过人们普遍认为很不错。
I haven
'
t seen it myself, but it
'
s
supposed to be
a great movie.
⑦现在我的生活到了我应该自己做决定的时候了。
I have reached a point in my life where I
am supposed to make
decisions of
my own.
点拨
(1)be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事
be supposed to have done sth.本应该做某事(实际未做)
(2)be supposed to be 被认为是;人们普遍觉得会
I suppose so. 我认为是这样。
I suppose not.=I don
'
t suppose so. 我认为不是这样。
(3)suppose/supposing (that) 假设;假定
1.It is+
adj
.+to do sth.
教材原句
It is hard to think
of a world without metals.很难想象一个没有金属的世界(是
什么样子)。
◆句型转换
①You are very kind to reserve a room for me.
→
It
'
s very kind of you
to reserve a room for me.
重点句型
②He didn
'
t pass the exam and that
'
s a shame.
→
It
'
s a shame that
he didn
'
t pass the exam.
◆完成句子
③当别的孩子在玩耍的时候,很难想象一个学生能集中精力在课本上。
It is hard to imagine
a student focusing his energy on textbooks while other
children are playing.
④在采取措施解决问题之前,我们有必要知道问题本身是什么。
Before taking measures to solve the problem,
it is necessary for us to know
what the problem itself is.
⑤Samuel就是爱打听事。对别人的事情好奇是他的典型特点。
Samuel can
'
t help having a big nose—
it is typical of him
to be curious
about others
'
affairs.
⑥和一个只会说“是”和“不是”的人很难保持交谈。
It is difficult to
keep up a conversation with someone who only says
“Yes” and “No”.
点拨
(1)在“It is +
adj
.+for sb.+to do sth.”句型中,形容词只能说明不定式所表示
的行为的性质和特点,不能说明不定式动作的执行者。能用于该结构的形容
词有difficult、easy、hard、important、impossible、possible、necessary等。
(2)在“It is +
adj
.+of sb.+to do sth.” 句型中,形容词说明不定式逻辑主语的品
行、性格等。能用于该结构的形容词有nice、good、silly、stupid、careful等。
(3)It is+
adj
./
n
.+that...意为“
……
是
……
”。
2.the+比较级...,the+比较级...
教材原句
The closer
you are,
the more
you
'
ll see.你离得越近,你看到的就越多。
◆句型转换
①If you are more careful, you will make fewer mistakes.
→
The more careful
you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.
②If you practise more,you will become more skillful.
→
The more
you practise,
the more skillful
you will become.
◆完成句子
③通常情况下,想法越奇怪,就越容易被注意到。
Usually,
the stranger
the idea is,
the more
it gets noticed.
④睡觉前你摄入的脂肪越多,夜里你身体的负担就越大。
The more
fat you take in before bedtime,
the greater
burden you will put
on your body at night.
⑤你英语听得越多
,
你就会感觉说英语越容易。
The more
you listen to English,
the easier
you
'
ll feel in speaking Eng-
lish.
⑥
越来越多的富人许诺在他们死后把财产捐献出来帮助穷人和残疾人。
More and more rich people
have promised to give away their wealth after
death to help the poor and the disabled.
点拨
(1)“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越
……
越
……
”,第一个“the+比较
级”是表示条件的状语从句,在表示将来意义的情况下,从句用一般现在时表
示将来;第二个“the+比较级”是主句,用一般将来时。
(2)“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越
……
”。