2019届一轮复习人教版必修四Unit4BodyLanguage单元学案（3页含有答案及解析） 32页

‎2019届一轮复习人教版必修四Unit 4 Body Language单元学案 ‎1. 身势语是传递交际信息的非语言手段，学习了解身势语，帮助学生了解文化差异和身势语的变化，可以防止跨文化交际中产生误解，甚至冲突。‎ ‎2. 学习掌握常用的表示“禁止”、“警告”、“义务”的用语。‎ When you greet with others, what method will you rank first, using spoken statement or unspoken gestures or both of them? If you are not sure, you may lose face or be misunderstood by others or even bring about anger of others. Whether you are in the dormitory or the canteen, we are using body language to help us express ourselves. Nodding represents agreement while raising your fist represents disagreement. Hugs are in association with kindness and curious facial expressions refer to interest. When you are on the flight, you can't approach a stranger too close, who may defend himself by keeping a safe distance. Your smiles on your cheeks may ease his or her worry but their false subjective judgement has functioned and he would be likely to turn his back to your proposals in defence of himself.‎ ‎1. represent vt. 代表；象征 ‎2. approach vt. & vi. 接近；靠近；走近 n. 接近；方法；途径 ‎ ‎3. defend against 保卫……以免受 ‎4. be likely to 很可能……；有希望……‎ ‎5. in general 总的来说；通常 ‎6. at ease 舒适；快活；自由自在 ‎7. lose face 丢脸 ‎8. turn one's back to 背对；背弃 你面颊上的微笑可能会减少他们的担心，但是他们错误的主观判断已经产生了。所以为了保护自己，他们可能会对你的提议置之不理。‎ Your smiles on your cheeks may ease his or her worry but their false subjective judgement has functioned and he would be likely to turn his back to your proposals in defence of himself.‎ ‎★greet vi. & vt. 迎接；问候 ‎★dormitory n. 宿舍 ‎★canteen n. 食堂 ‎★flight n. 飞行；航班 ‎★curious adj. 好奇的 ‎★cheek n. 面颊 ‎★defence n. 防御；保卫 ‎★major adj. 主要的 ‎ ‎★adult n. 成人；成年人adj. 成人的；成熟的 ‎★spoken adj. 口语的 ‎★Spain n. 西班牙(欧洲国家) ‎ ‎★facial adj. 面部的 ‎★function n. 作用；功能；职能 vi. 起作用；运转 ‎ ‎★truly adv. 真实地；真诚地；真正地 ‎★false adj. 错误的；假的 ‎★anger n. 怒气；怒火 ‎★fist n. 拳头 ‎ ‎★subjective adj. 主观的 ‎★hug vi. & vt. 拥抱 ‎★rank n. 等级；军衔 ‎ ‎★statement n. 陈述；说明 ‎★association n. 社团；联系；联想 ‎★curiously adv. 好奇地；误解，误会 ‎★misunderstanding n. 误解；误会 ‎★unspoken adj. 未说出口的；非口语的 ‎1. represent vt. 代表；象征 I'll represent to him the risk he is running.‎ 我要向他指出他所面临的险境。‎ represent...as... 把……描绘成……‎ represent oneself as/to be 自称是 represent...to sb. 向某人描绘……‎ They represented themselves as the party of low taxation.‎ 他们称自己是低税率的党。‎ Shakespeare represents Richard Ⅲ as a black－hearted villain.‎ 莎士比亚把查理三世描写成一个心肠狠毒的反面角色。 ‎ representation n. 表现，描述 ‎ representative n. 代表，有代表性的事物 adj. 有代表性的 ‎ ‎2. association n. 协会，社团；结合，联合；交往 ‎ NBA stands for National Basketball Association.‎ NBA指国家篮球协会。‎ in association with 在……的帮助下 have an association with...与……有交往 ‎ He is working in association with the police on this.‎ 他正和警方在此事上进行合作。‎ associate vt. (使) 发生联系；(使) 联合；结交；联想 n. 同事 associate A with B ‎ ‎＝A is associated with B把……联想/联系起来；与……有关 Whisky is usually associated with Scotland. ‎ 人们通常把威士忌与苏格兰联系起来。‎ I won't have my son associating with known criminals.‎ 我不会让我的儿子与臭名昭著的罪犯交往。‎ I've got a new job and a new set of work associates.‎ 我有了新工作和一班子新同事。‎ ‎3. approach vt. & vi. 接近；靠近；走近 n. 接近；方法；途径 ‎ He approached the bird quietly. ‎ 他悄悄地走近那只小鸟。‎ We heard the approach of the train. ‎ 我们听到火车开过来了。 ‎ All approaches to the town are blocked.‎ 所有通往城镇的道路都被堵住了。 ‎ Many kinds of birds fly south at the approach of winter.‎ 随着冬天的到来，很多鸟儿飞往南方。‎ make approaches to sb. 亲近某人，与某人接近 provide an approach to 提供……的入门 approach sb. about sth. 为某事同某人打交道 ‎ approach sb. for information向某人了解情况 ‎4. defend vt. 保护；保卫 ‎ defend sb./sth. from/against sb./sth. 保护某人某物免受伤害 ‎ defend oneself against sth. 为自己辩护 ‎ The wall was built to defend the road from being washed away by the sea. ‎ 建这个围墙是为了保护这条路不被海水冲垮。‎ defense/defence n. 保卫，防御 in defense/defence 自卫，防御 ‎ in defense of 保卫……，为……辩护 The Great Wall of China was built as a defense against intruders. ‎ 长城是为了抵御外敌入侵而修建的。‎ defence 作不可数名词代表防卫的行为(action)，可数名词表示可以防卫的东西(something)。 ‎ ‎5. likely adj. 可能的 ‎ Not likely! [口]不可能！ 才不呢！ (强调否认或拒绝)‎ be likely to 可能会……‎ It is likely that... 可能会……‎ She is the most likely girl to win the prize. ‎ 她是最有希望得奖的女孩。‎ It is likely to rain tonight.今天可能会下雨。‎ She is not likely to come next month. 她下月很可能不来。‎ It is likely that he will be late. 他可能会迟到。‎ possible，probable或likely possible指客观上有可能性，但往往含有希望很小的意思；‎ probable比possible可能性大，表示“很可能，大概”，指有实际依据或逻辑上的合情合理；‎ likely是指从外表迹象进行判断有可能发生的事。‎ 注意：possible和 probable一般不用人做主语，likely既可以用人也可以用物做主语。 ‎ ‎6. function n. 作用；功能；职能 vi. 起作用；运转 ‎ The machine will not function properly if it is not kept well－oiled. ‎ 机器没有上好油，就不会顺利地运转。‎ What functions does this machine have?‎ 这部机器有哪些功能？‎ function as担任，起作用 An attributive noun functions as an adjective.‎ 定语性名词起形容词作用。‎ functional adj. 运转的，有……功能的，起……作用的 ‎ ‎7. ease n. 安逸；舒适 vt. 减轻(痛苦；忧虑) ‎ at ease舒适；快活；自由自在 with ease轻易地，毫不费力地 feel/look at ease感到/看上去心情放松 put/set sb. at one's ease使某人放松、松弛 take one's ease休息，轻松一下 ‎ Her mind was at ease knowing that the children were safe.‎ 听说孩子们都很安全，她才放下心来。‎ He practiced until he could play the song with ease.‎ 他不断练习这首歌，直到能熟练地演奏。‎ A smile is intended to make people at ease.‎ 微笑旨在使人们轻松自在。‎ 二、重点短语需精通 ‎1. in general 总的来说；通常；总之 ‎ In general，the northerners are keen on dumplings while the southerners are fond of rice. ‎ 一般说来，北方人喜欢吃饺子，而南方人喜欢吃米饭。‎ on the whole总的来说 generally speaking一般说来 as a whole就整体上来看 in a word总之 to put it simply简单地说 ‎ ‎2. lose face 丢脸 You'll lose face if you don't keep your promise. ‎ 你如果没有遵守诺言，会丢脸的。‎ be faced with 面对 face to face 面对面 lose heart 泄气，灰心 lose one's heart to 爱上，钟情于 ‎ lose one's way 迷路 ‎ lose courage 丧失勇气 ‎3. turn one's back to 背对；背弃 It is impolite to turn one's back to the other while talking.‎ 交谈时背对对方是不礼貌的。 ‎ One must never, whatever reason, turn his back to life.‎ 不管是什么理由，人都不能背叛人生。‎ turn a deaf ear to... 对……充耳不闻，置若罔闻 turn one's nose up at... 瞧不起，轻视，蔑视 shut/close one's eyes to... 闭目不看，视而不见 ‎ 三、重点句式能熟用 ‎1. The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia，‎ closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain. 第一个到达的是从哥伦比亚来的托尼·加西亚，随后紧跟着的是英国的朱莉娅·史密斯。 ‎ 动词不定式to arrive在句中作后置定语。当中心词是序数词或被序数词限定时，常用不定式作后置定语； 过去分词短语closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain在句中作伴随状语。动词follow与其逻辑主语Tony Garcia之间为被动关系。‎ She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games. ‎ 她是第一位获得奥运会金牌的女子。‎ ‎①动词不定式作定语要放在所修饰的名词或者代词的后面。‎ ‎②有很多名词常可用不定式作定语。常见的有ability, chance, idea, fact, excuse, promise, answer, reply, attempt, belief, way, reason, moment, time等。‎ ‎③如果不定式是一个不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等时，不定式后面要有必要的介词。‎ ‎④当名词被first, last, second...以及形容词的最高级或者only等修饰时，其后可用不定式作定语。‎ ‎⑤不定式作定语一般表示将来。‎ ‎⑥‎ 作定语的不定式和被修饰词是动宾关系，但如果是由句子的主语或者句子中另一个名词或者代词发出时，则要用动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。‎ ‎2. With so many cultural differences between people，it is great to have some similarities in body language. 人们之间有那么多文化方面的不同，但在肢体语言方面有相似之处真是太好了。 ‎ 此处的“With so many cultural differences between people”为 “with＋宾语＋宾补”结构，between people是介词短语作宾语补足语。with的复合结构即“with＋宾语＋补语”，宾语补足语可以是形容词、副词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词、不定式等。这种结构可用作定语或者状语，作状语的with复合结构表示时间、原因、条件、方式以及伴随情况等。 ‎ He sat with his arms clasped round his knees. ‎ ‎(名词＋过去分词短语)他双臂抱膝坐在那里。‎ With the stock market falling，the prospect of Asian economy is bleak. ‎ ‎(名词＋现在分词)股市下跌，亚洲经济前景暗淡。‎ With nothing to do，I went on a round of the bookshops. ‎ ‎(名词＋不定式) 手头无事可做，我就去逛书店。‎ He was lying in bed with his clothes on. ‎ ‎(名词＋副词) 他穿着衣服躺在床上。‎ They stood with their backs to the wall. ‎ ‎(名词＋介词短语) 他们背朝墙站着。‎ He is used to sleeping with the window open.‎ ‎(名词＋形容词)他习惯于开着窗睡觉。‎ ‎3. Not all cultures greet each other the same way，nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people. 各种文化背景下人们互致问候的方式各不相同，身体接触和相互间距离的程度也并不一样。 ‎ not与一些表示完全意义的词如both, all, every, 包括everything，everybody，everywhere或者altogether, entirely, completely等连用，不管not放在什么位置，均表示部分否定。‎ Not every Welshman speaks Welsh. ‎ 并不是每个威尔士人都说威尔士语。‎ I don't know all of them. 我并不认识他们所有的人。‎ 如果句子中出现下列单词或短语则该句为全部否定：none of＋n./pron.; neither＋n./pron.; no＋n.; nothing；nobody；neither；never；nowhere；neither...nor等。 ‎ ‎ 四、话题写作多积累 训练十九：写演讲稿 演讲稿是人们在工作和社会生活中经常使用的一种文体，它是在较为隆重的仪式上和某些公众场所发表的讲话文稿，实际上是属于一种特殊的说明文或议论文。 ‎ 第一段：礼貌称呼，提出论题。开始时对听众的称呼语最常用的是Ladies and gentlemen，也可根据不同情况，选用Fellow students, Distinguished guests, Mr. Chairman, Honorable Judges (评委)等等。由于演讲的时间限制，提出论题时必须开门见山。提出论题的方法有各种各样，但最生动、最能引起注意的是举例法。 ‎ 第二段：精彩论证，方法多样。对提出的论题，不可主观地妄下结论，而要进行客观的论证。这是演讲中最需要下功夫的部分。关键是要把道理讲清楚。常见的论证方法有举例法、因果法、对比法等等。‎ 第三段：结论有力，收尾简洁。结论要简明扼要，以给听众留下深刻印象。结尾要言简意赅，点到为止。特别是不要受汉语影响，说些类似“准备不足，请谅解” “请批评指正”这样的客套话。 ‎ ‎(1) 开头语句 Good morning/afternoon, everyone/ladies and gentlemen.‎ It's my honor to stand here and say something about...‎ I'd like to tell you something about...‎ ‎(2) 主体语句 As we all know.../It is well－known to us all that...‎ From this point of view...‎ No one can deny the fact that...‎ What we should do is.../It is our duty to...‎ ‎(3) 结尾语句 If everyone..., I believe...‎ As long as we..., we can...‎ Last but not least, it's everyone's responsibility to...‎ If you..., you will...!‎ ‎【例1】完成句子 ‎ ‎①The dove__represents__peace__(象征和平). ‎ ‎②Why do you__represent__the__matter__in__this__way__(把这事说成这样)?‎ ‎③I suggest that we establish Mr. Jeffrey __as__our__representative__ (作为我们的代表). ‎ represent作“说明，使说明”和“传达，表达”讲时不能直接跟人作宾语，常用结构为represent sth. to sb.或represent to sb. sth.。有类似用法的单词还有explain, relate(叙说), guarantee, suggest, announce等。‎ ‎【例2】(1)完成句子 ‎①听到那首歌我就会联想起我的童年。‎ I always __associate__this__song__with__ my childhood.‎ ‎②许多严重的疾病都与吸烟有关。‎ There are many serious diseases __associated__with__smoking__. ‎ ‎③因为他和英国人有来往， 所以他的英语突飞猛进。‎ His English improves quickly because of his __association__with__ British people.‎ ‎④我不喜欢你和那些人混在一起。‎ I don't like you __associating__with__ those people.‎ ‎＝I don't like your __association__with__ those people. ‎ ‎【例3】(1)完成句子 ‎①There are several ways of __approaching__the__problem__ (解决这个问题)．‎ ‎②The shadows lengthened with __the__approach__of__sunset__ (太阳下落)．‎ ‎③__The__time__is__approaching__(时机即将来临)when we must think about buying a new house. ‎ ‎(2) 单句改错 His approach for the problem is special and proves good. ‎ for改为to ‎【例4】完成句子 ‎①Chinese people __defended__against__(反抗) the Japanese during World WarⅡ.‎ ‎②The young man joined the army __in__defense__of__(保卫) his country.‎ ‎③Is there any man unwilling to fight in __defence__of__(保卫) his country.‎ ‎④The newspaper __defended__her__against__(为她辩护) the accusations. ‎ ‎⑤You'll need stronger evidence to defend yourself __from__(免受) being accused. ‎ ‎【例5】(1) 完成句子 ‎①简今晚很可能给我打电话。‎ Jane __is__likely__to__call/ring__ me tonight.‎ ‎②他们很可能输了这次比赛。‎ ‎__It__is__likely__that__ they will lose the game. ‎ ‎(2) 用possible，probable或likely填空 ‎①His health is __likely__ to get worse.‎ ‎②It is __possible,__though not probable, that he will come tomorrow.‎ ‎③The __probable__cause of his failure was that he had been too tired.‎ ‎④She is very__likely__ to ring me tonight.‎ ‎【例6】用function的适当形式填空 ‎ ‎①This machine has stopped __functioning__．‎ ‎②I'm hardly __functional__ if I don't get eight hours' sleep! ‎ ‎③What __functions__ can this programme perform?‎ ‎④The brain performs __a__very__important__function__(一种非常重要的作用); it controls the nervous system of the body. ‎ ‎【例7】完成句子 ‎①他在陌生的环境中感到不那么自在。‎ He didn't feel completely __at__ease__ in the strange surroundings.‎ ‎②好好休息一下，前面的路程远而艰难呢。‎ ‎__Take__your__ease,__for the journey ahead will be long and arduous. ‎ ‎③预计他们在竞选中能够轻易获胜。‎ They are expected to win the election __with__ease. ‎ ‎【例1】完成句子 ‎①__In__general__(总的来说)，Japanese cars are very reliable and breakdowns are rare.‎ ‎②__To__put__it__simply__(简单地说)，he is not confident of himself.‎ ‎③__On__the__whole__(总的来说)，your composition is well written.‎ ‎④__In__general__ (一般来说)，I prefer a comedy to a tragedy.‎ ‎【例2】完成句子 ‎①汤姆没能打败对手，这让他在朋友面前很丢脸。‎ When Tom failed to beat his opponent, he felt he had __lost__his__face__ with his friends.‎ ‎②无论你做什么都别灰心。‎ So don't __lose__heart,__whatever you do.‎ ‎③我发觉我儿子爱上了我的一个学生。‎ I've found that my son __lost__his__heart__ to one of my students. ‎ ‎【例3】使用恰当的短语填空 ‎①我们不应当瞧不起穷人。‎ We shouldn't __turn__our__nose__up__ at the poor. ‎ ‎②她不理睬他们的抱怨。‎ She __turned__a__deaf__ear__to__ their complaints.‎ ‎③你怎能对你自己的母亲撒手不管呢？‎ How can you __turn__your__back__to__ your own mother?‎ ‎【例1】完成句子 ‎①我儿子高兴地对我说他是他们班第三个完成作业并且唯一一个得满分的人。‎ My son told me gladly that he was the third person __to__finish__ his work and the only one to get full marks in his class.‎ ‎②他说他有一个重要的会议要参加。 ‎ He said he had an important meeting __to__attend. ‎ ‎③给我一张纸写字。 ‎ Give me a piece of paper to__write__on. ‎ ‎④他在寻找一间居住的房子。‎ He is looking for a room to__live__in. ‎ ‎⑤我必须遵守在一月之内偿付的诺言。 ‎ I must keep the promise to__pay__within__a__month．‎ ‎⑥他是做这项工作的最好人选。‎ He was the best man to__do__the__job．‎ ‎⑦他有很多活要做。‎ He has much work to__do. ‎ 动词不定式作定语，修饰其前面的名词或代词，也叫中心词，动词不定式跟中心词有逻辑关系，大致分为主谓关系、动宾关系、同位关系和状语关系等。‎ ‎【例2】完成句子 ‎①她把一张写有姓名的纸放入一只瓶子里。 ‎ She put a piece of paper __with__her__name__on__it__ into a bottle. ‎ ‎②其中一个流体走外管，另一流体走内管，而热交换通过管壁进行。‎ One of the fluids flows through the outside pipe，the other through the inside pipe, with heat exchange __taking__place__ through the wall.‎ ‎③天气这么热，十有八九要下雨。‎ With the weather __(being)__so__hot__ like this，ten to one it will rain presently.‎ ‎④他从早干到晚，没有吃的，住的地方也很狭窄。‎ He worked from morning till night，with little __to__eat__ and only a tiny place to live in. ‎ with结构与独立主格结构的关系 with结构属于独立主格结构，但在结构上，with结构由介词with或without引导，名词前有冠词、形容词、所有格代词或其他词类所修饰，结构较松散；而独立主格结构没有with或without引导，结构严密，名词前可用可不用修饰语。‎ ‎【例3】完成句子 ‎①并非所有的学生都知道如何解决这个问题。‎ All the students __do__not__ know how to deal with the problem. ‎ ‎＝__Not__all__ the students know how to deal with the problem. ‎ ‎②这两本书我都不喜欢。‎ I like __neither__ of the books. ‎ ‎＝Neither of the books __do__ I like. ‎ 如果要对all, both, every, always, 以及entirely, altogether, completely, quite 和 all the time 等词作完全否定，那就分别要用与之相对应的全否定词，如no, none, neither, no one, never, not (never)．.. at all 等。‎ ‎(2018江西西路片七校高三第一次联考)‎ 假定你是某学校的一名高三学生，你打算竞选班长，请根据以下要点用英语写一篇演讲稿：‎ ‎1．你具备了什么条件(能力、性格、爱好等)可以胜任班长的工作；‎ ‎2．如果当选，你将为本班同学做些什么？请列举至少两点。‎ 注意：词数120左右(开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)。‎ Dear fellow students，‎ Thank you for coming to this election campaign today. I'm delighted to announce that I'm running for monitor of our class.‎ As a hard－working boy with a pleasant personality, I've always been considered a good team member. Meanwhile, as a big fan of sports, I'm fully aware of the importance of teamwork. I possess strong determination to take firm steps toward achieving the targets of my team. In addition, my working experience with the Students' Union in the past two years will be extremely helpful to my future work if I get elected.‎ If I'm elected, I believe I have the ability to lead our class to advance in the right direction. I will work well with my fellow students and take effective new measures, including forming a teacher－student－friendship association, to offer assistance to students' study and life here as well as act as a bridge of communication between teachers and students.‎ Thank you very much!‎ 第一段：确定本文的目的：“推销自己”‎ 第二段：呈现自己的优点和优势 要善于使用合适的连接词，把各个要点组织成一个完整的整体。在发表个人观点的时候，可以使用谚语来提升整个文章的档次和文采，也能增加得高分的可能性。 ‎ 第三段：呈现自己的计划和表明自己的态度 In my opinion, we should try to...‎ 考向一　在语法填空中设题 ‎(2016全国卷Ⅱ)So, get an early start and try to be as productive ________ possible before lunch. ‎ ‎【答案】as　考查固定搭配。短语as...as....和……一样；正是因为人们早晨的注意力更为集中，所以我们要早起，要和午饭之前一样的高效率。 ‎ 考向二　在阅读理解中考查“语言”话题 ‎(2016全国卷Ⅰ， D)‎ The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful，or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say.A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness，uneasiness or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap(间隙)with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and ‎ view it as necessary for understanding a person's needs. ‎ Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be implied(暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.‎ Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.‎ Nurses and other care－givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient's silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding ‎ to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.‎ ‎1. What does the author say about silence in conversations?‎ A. It implies anger. 　　　　　　　　　B. It promotes friendship.‎ C. It is culture－specific. D. It is content－based.‎ ‎2. Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought?‎ A. The Chinese. B. The French.‎ C. The Mexicans. D. The Russians.‎ ‎3. What does the author advise nurses to do about silence?‎ A. Let it continue as the patient pleases. B. Break it while treating patients.‎ C. Evaluate its harm to patients. D. Make use of its healing effects.于高考语篇的理解是有百利而无一害的，而且也会为将来的学习奠定基础。‎ ‎4. What may be the best title for the text?‎ A. Sound and Silence B. What It Means to Be Silent C. Silence to Native Americans D. Speech Is Silver; Silence Is Gold ‎【语篇解读】本文是说明文。主要介绍了沉默在不同文化背景下的不同内涵。‎ ‎1. C　细节理解题。根据文章首段首句The meaning of silence ‎ varies among cultural groups.可知，作者认为沉默是有文化特性的。‎ ‎2. A　细节理解题。根据第二段中 what may be implied is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing可知中国人认为谈话时人们沉默是在思考。 ‎ ‎3. D　细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句话可知，作者建议护士使用沉默来治疗病人。‎ ‎4. B　细节理解题。文章主要介绍了在不同文化背景下谈话期间的沉默的不同含义，由此判断B选项可以概括文章。‎ 计策1：了解as的用法 计策2：了解as有关的固定搭配 计策1：尽可能多地了解世界文化背景知识 计策2：尽可能多地了解与“语言”有关的文化背景知识，尤其是世界各地的“肢体语言”‎ 计策3：利用对比的方法寻找判断不同文化背景下的“语言”的差异和共性 计策4：“精”做题 不要盲目地以题海战作为提高的途径。要更讲究“精做题，细研究”‎ ‎。做题时要控制时间，营造实战氛围，每次进行自我评分，错题要仔细分析原因，每一个选项都要知道错或对在哪里，找出自己的弱点，再有针对性地寻找这一类型的题目操练。‎ 计策5: “博”知识 ‎“博”的概念就不只局限于英语了，由于高考中语篇涉及面相当广，上至天文地理，下至社会民俗，所以如果学生的知识面比较狭窄是很吃亏的。学生们在平时应注重积累，多了解时事新闻、社会热点、文学作品、科学新发现等等。学习是一个整体和广义上的概念，英语的学习同样是无处不在的，拥有广博的知识对 一、词汇拓展 ‎ ‎1. state vt. 陈述；说明→ statement n. 陈述；说明 ‎2. greet vi. & vt. 迎接；问候→ __greeting__ n. 迎接；问候 ‎ ‎3. represent vt. 代表；象征→ __representative__ n. 代表；众议员 adj. 典型的；有代表性的→ __representation__ n. 表现；陈述；代理 ‎ ‎4. associate vt. 联系 n. 同事→ __association__ n. 社团；联系；联想 ‎5. curious adj. 好奇的→ __curiously__ adv. 好奇地 ‎ ‎6. defend vt. 保护；保卫→ __defence__ n. 防御；保卫 ‎7. major adj. 主要的→ majority n. 多数；大多数(常接of) ‎ ‎8. misunderstand vt. (misunderstood, misunderstood) 误解，误会→ __misunderstanding__ n. 误解；误会 ‎ ‎9. spoken adj. 口语的→ __unspoken__ adj. 未说出口的；非口语的 ‎ ‎10. likely adj. 可能的→ __unlikely__ adj. 不可能的 ‎11. face n. 脸→ __facial__ adj. 面部的 ‎ ‎12. function n. 作用；功能；职能 vi. 起作用；运转→ __functional__ adj. 功能的 ‎ ‎13. ease n. 安逸；舒适 vt. 减轻(痛苦；忧虑) → __easy__ adj. 容易的，舒适的 ‎ ‎14. true adj. 真实的→ __truly__ adv. 真实地；真诚地；真正地 ‎ ‎15. anger n. 怒气；怒火→ __angry__ n. 愤怒的 ‎16. subjective adj. 主观的→ __objective__ n. 目的，实物，宾格 adj. 客观的，目标的；宾格的 ‎ 二、单句语法填空 ‎1. As we walked into the house, we were__greeted (greet) by a wonderful smell of baking.‎ ‎2. All __flights__ (flight) out of Chicago were put off because of the bad weather. ‎ ‎3. __Curiously__ (curious), I had met John's new friend before. But he seemed to know me well.‎ ‎4. The tears ran down her __cheeks__ (cheek) but she didn't stop telling the story. ‎ ‎5. Whether a gun is a weapon of offence or a weapon of __defense__ (defend) depends on which end of it you are at.‎ ‎6. There must be some __misunderstanding__ (misunderstand). I ‎ never asked for these chairs to be delivered.‎ ‎7. This paper analyzes the misunderstandings existing in __spoken__ (speak) English teaching in China today. ‎ ‎8. Some children find it difficult to talk to __adults__ (adult). ‎ ‎9. His __facial__ (face) expressions are left in my memory for life. ‎ ‎10. The school, thus improved, became in time a __truly__ (true) useful. ‎ ‎11. The __majority__ (major) of children in our class have brown eyes; only three have blue eyes.‎ ‎12. Before we begin，I'd like to make a __statement__ (state)about my new plan. ‎ 三、句型转换 ‎1. I saw several children get on the school bus happily that morning.‎ What I saw was that several children __got__on__ the school bus happily that morning.‎ ‎2. His book represents a new approach to the difficulty.‎ His book __stands__for__ a new __way__ of getting over the difficulty. ‎ ‎3. There has always been a close association between these two schools. ‎ The two schools have always been __closely__associated__. ‎ ‎4. We should remember the soldiers who died defending our ‎ country.‎ We should remember the soldiers who died __in__defense__of__ our country.‎ 只有 be likely 前面的主语可以是人，而possible和 probable则不能。5. It is possible that I should accept such an offer as that.‎ ‎ __I__am__likely__ to accept such an offer as that.‎ 四、课文回顾 Another student and I went to 1.__the__Capital International Airport, 2.__where__ we would meet some international students from many parts of the world. I 3.__saw__(see) these students from different countries expressing 4.__greetings__ (greet) in different ways. These are examples of cultural “body language”. Not all cultures greet each other the same way，5.__nor__are they comfortable in the same way with touching or 6.__distance__ (distant) between people. In the same way that people communicate with 7.__spoken__(speak) language, they also express their feeling using unspoken “language” through physical distance，8.__actions__(act) or posture. In a word, body language 9.__differs__ (differ) in different cultures and is 10.__widely__(wide) used in communication. ‎ greeting n．问候，招呼；祝贺；贺词 greet sb. with sth.用……向某人打招呼，欢迎某人 greet sb./sth. with/as sth. (通过……)对某人或者某物做出反应 major in 主修；主攻 majority n. 多数；大多数(常接of)‎ minor adj. 较小的；次要的；是major的反义词 提示：minor和major两者都不能与than连用。‎ in anger ＝angrily 愤怒地 with anger因为生气而 bluster oneself into anger 勃然大怒 ‎ dare sb.'s anger 不怕惹某人生气 ‎ I was angered by因为……而生气 flight作“飞行，飞翔”解时，可指禽类的飞行，也可指人类凭借某种器械飞行，可用作不可数名词，也可用作可数名词。flight作“航班，班机”解时是可数名词，一般指的是空中旅行。flight还可作“楼梯的一段”解，指连接一层与另一层的那一部分，是可数名词。‎ defend 含有“采取措施抵制进攻”的意思。‎ protect 常含有“提供安全的方式来驱开不适、伤害或进攻”的意思。‎ guard 含有“看守”的意思。‎ get on继续；进行；变老；变晚；上车，上马 Now let's get on to the next exhibition room.‎ 现在我们到下一个展览室去吧。‎ She is getting on nicely.她干得很好。‎ Time is getting on.时间晚了。‎ They got on at Lanzhou.‎ 他们是在兰州上的车。‎ Key words：‎ International Airport international students different countries body language touching communicate with unspoken “language”‎ differ