高中英语Module4GreatScientistsSectionⅠIntroductionamp教学案 15页

真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 1 Module 4 Great Scientists Section Ⅰ Introduction & Reading-Pre-reading It seemed that Albert Einstein had changed the whole business. In fact, he did not invent the “thought experiment”， but he raised it to high art. Imagine twins, wearing identical (完全相同的) watches; one stays home, while the other rides in a spaceship near the speed of light ... little wonder that from 1919, Einstein was, and remains today, the world's most famous scientist. In his native Germany he became a target (目标；指标) for hatred (仇恨，厌恶) because he was a Jew, a liberal (自由主义者), a humanist, an internationalist. His powerful voice later was widely heard, especially after he moved to the US. Meanwhile,like any famous people, he made bits of legend: that he failed math in school (not true). That he opened a book and found an uncashed $1,500 check he had left as a bookmark (maybe he was absentminded about everyday affairs)．That he was careless about socks, collars, slippers ... that he couldn't even remember his address: 112 Mercer Street in Princeton, where he finally settled (定居). He died there in 1955. And after the rest of Einstein had been cremated (火化), his brain remained for further research. Thanks to Einstein, we said goodbye to a prior (优先的) universe and a previous 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 2 (先前的) God. Einstein's God was no clockmaker, but the embodiment (化身) of reason in nature. This God did not control our actions or even sit in judgment on them. Physics is free, and we too are free, in the Einstein universe which is where we live. 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 3 Section_Ⅰ Introduction_&_Reading_—_Prereading [原文呈现] The Student Who Asked Questions In a hungry world rice is a staple ① food and China is the world's largestproducer ② . Rice is also grown ③ in many other Asian countries, and in some European countries like Italy. In the ricegrowing world, the Chinese scientist, Yuan Longping, is a leading figure ④ . Yuan Longping was born and brought up ⑤ in China. As a boy ⑥ he was educated ⑦ in many schools and was given the nickname ⑧ ， “the student who asks questions ⑨ ”． From an early age he was interested in○10 plants. He studied agriculture⑪ in college and as a young teacher he began experiments in⑫ crop breeding⑬. He thought that the key to⑭ feeding people was to have more rice and to produce it more quickly. He thought there was only one way to do⑮ this — by crossing⑯ differentspecies ⑰ of rice plant, and then he could produce a new plant ⑱which could give a higher yield⑲than either of the original⑳ plants. [读文清障] ①staple/'steIpl/adj.主要的；重要的 ②producer/prə'djuːsə/n.生产者 ③grow v．(grew, grown) 生长；成长 ④leading/'liːdIŋ/adj.主要的 figure/'fIɡə/n.人物 a leading figure 一位杰出人士 ⑤bring up 培养；养育 ⑥as 是介词，as a boy 相当于时间状语从句 When he was a boy。 ⑦educate/'edjʊˌkeIt/vt.教育 ⑧nickname/'nIkˌneIm/n.绰号 ⑨who 引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 the student。 ⑩be interested in 对……感兴趣 take an interest in 对……产生兴趣 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 4 ⑪agriculture/'æɡrIˌkʌltʃə/n.农业 ⑫begin experiments in 在……方面开始实验 ⑬breeding/'briːdIŋ/n.培育 ⑭the key to ……的关键(to 为介词，其后接名词、代词或动名词) ⑮one way to do ...一种做……的方法 修饰 way 时可以用动词不定式 to do ...或 of doing ... ⑯by crossing ...通过杂交…… ⑰species/'spiːʃiːz/n.(动物或植物的)种 该词同 means, series 等一样，单复数同形。 ⑱which 引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 a new plant, 且在从句中作主语。 ⑲yield/jiːld/n.产量 ⑳original/ə'rIdʒIn l/adj.原来的；最初的 问问题的学生 [第 1～3 段译文] 在全球粮食短缺的情况下，水稻是主要粮食，而中国是世界上最大的水稻产地。亚洲其 他许多国家和一些欧洲国家比如意大利等也种植水稻。在水稻种植领域，中国科学家袁隆平 是一位杰出人士。 袁隆平在中国出生并长大。他小时候在很多学校接受过教育，并被人们取了个绰号为 “问问题的学生”。 袁隆平从小就对植物感兴趣。他在大学里研究农学，作为一名年轻的教师，他开始了作 物育种方面的实验。他认为，解决人们吃饭问题的关键在于拥有更多的稻米，并且能更快地 生产出来。他想只有一种方法可以做这件事——通过杂交不同品种的水稻，然后他可以培育 出一种新的水稻，这种水稻可以比原先的任何一种产量更高。 First Yuan Longping experimented with○21 different types of rice. The results of his experiments were published○22 in China in 1966. Then he began his search○23 for a special type of rice plant. It had to be male. It had to be sterile○24. Finally, in 1970 a naturally sterile male rice plant was discovered. This was the breakthrough○25. Researchers were brought in○26 from all over China○27 to develop the new system. The research was supported○28 by the government. As a result of○29 Yuan Longping's discoveries Chinese rice production○30 rose by○31 47.5 percent in the 1990's. There were other advantages○32 too. 50 thousand square kilometres○33 of rice fields were converted○34 to growing vegetables and othercash crops○35. Following this○36， Yuan Longping's rice was exported○37 to other countries, such as Pakistan and the Philippines. In Pakistan rice is the second most important○38 crop after wheat and will be 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 5 grown in many parts of the country. The new hybrid○39 rice has been developed by the Yuan Longping Hightech Agricultural○40 Company of China. Its yield is much greater than the yield of other types of rice grown in Pakistan○41. ○21experiment with 用……做实验 此处 experiment 用作动词。 ○22publish/'pʌblIʃ/vt.出版 come out 出版，是不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态。 ○23search 在此处用作名词，后接介词 for。 ○24sterile/'steraIl/adj.(指生物)不孕育的；不结果实的 ○25breakthrough/'breIkθruː/n.突破 make/have a breakthrough 取得突破 ○26bring in sb.使某人参加 ○27from all over China 来自全中国 ○28support/sə'pɔːt/vt.支持 be supported by 由……支持、赞助 ○29as a result of 由于……的结果 ○30production/prə'dʌkʃn/n.产量 ○31rise by 增长了(多少) ○32advantage n．优点；优势 ○33square kilometre 平方千米 ○34convert/kən'vɜːt/vt.改变；转换 be converted to 被转换为，to 为介词。 ○35cash cropn．经济作物 ○36following 可视为介词，表示“在……以后；由于”。 ○37export/Ik'spɔːt/vt.出口 be exported to 被出口到(国家) ○38the second most important 第二重要的 ○39hybrid/'haIbrId/n.杂交种 ○40agricultural/ˌæɡrI'kʌltʃ rəl/adj.农业的 ○41过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰 other types of rice。注意句中还运用了 much 修 饰 greater。 [第 4～6 段译文] 首先，袁隆平对不同品种的水稻进行实验。1966 年，他的实验结果在中国发表了。接 着，他开始寻找一种特殊的稻种。这种稻种必须是雄性且不结果的。终于在 1970 年，一种 天然的雄性不育稻种被发现。这是一个突破。中国各地的研究者们被召集在一起开发新的水 稻品种。这项研究得到了政府的支持。 由于袁隆平的发现，中国的水稻产量在 20 世纪 90 年代增长了 47.5%。这一发现还带来 了其他的好处。5万平方千米的稻田被改为种植蔬菜和其他经济作物。在这之后，袁隆平研 制的水稻还出口到巴基斯坦和菲律宾等其他国家。 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 6 在巴基斯坦，水稻是继小麦之后第二重要的作物并将在这个国家的许多地方种植。中国 袁隆平高科技农业公司已培育出新的杂交水稻。它的产量比巴基斯坦种植的其他类型的水稻 要高很多。 Prereading Please match the words with their proper meanings. 1．figure A．vt.教育 2．educate B．vt.出版 3．publish C．n.人物 4．breakthrough D．n.产量 5．support E．n.质量 6．production F．vt.取代；以……代替 7．export G．n.突破 8．replace H．vt.支持 9．quality I．vt.出口 10．leading J．n.数量 11．biology K．adj.主要的 12．quantity L．n.生物学 1～5__________ 6～10__________ 11～12 ________ 答案：1～5 CABGH 6～10 DIFEK 11～12 LJ Leadin Match the scientists with their main achievements. 1．Qian Xuesen A．Theory of Relativity 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 7 2．Marie Curie B．Father of China's Aerospace 3．Archimedes C．The Discovery of Radium 4．Albert Einstein D．Father of Integral Calculus 5．Stephen Hawking E．ABriefHistoryofTime 答案：1～5 BCDAE Whilereading Fastreading Read the passage fast and match the paragraphs with their general ideas. 1．Para. 1 A．The advantages and positive effects of Yuan Longping's discoveries. 2．Para. 2 B．How Yuan Longping succeeded in producing a new plant giving a higher yield. 3．Para. 3－4 C．As a boy, Yuan Longping liked asking questions when he was at school. 4．Para. 5－6 D．Yuan Longping is a leading figure in the ricegrowing world. 答案：1～4 DCBA Carefulreading (Ⅰ)True (T) or False (F)． 1．China is the world's second largest producer of rice.__F__ 2．Yuan Longping began experiments in crop breeding when he was at college.__F__ 3．Yuan Longping managed to produce more rice quickly by planting more rice.__F__ 4．Yuan Longping's rice has been introduced to the Philippines.__T__ 5．Yuan Longping has made great contributions in the ricegrowing world.__T__ (Ⅱ)Choose the best answers according to the passage. 1．Yuan Longping ________. A．is a leading scientist in industry B．was born and brought up in China C．was educated in a famous school for many years D．was given a nickname because he was very naughty 2．Why was Yuan given the nickname “the student who asks questions”？ A．Because he was stupid. 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 8 B．Because he did not learn well in the class. C．Because he was curious about the lessons and wanted to learn more. D．Because he learned more questions. 3．The only way that Yuan Longping thought to produce more rice quickly was________. A．to be interested in plants B．to study agriculture in college C．to begin experiments in crop breeding D．to cross different species of rice plant 4．As a result of Yuan Longping's discoveries, ________. A．Chinese rice production doubled B．more cash crops and more vegetables are planted C．few foreign countries like to plant the rice any more D．rice becomes the most important crop in Pakistan 5．What is the main idea of this passage? A．Yuan Longping is a leading figure. B．A new plant has been produced. C．Yuan Longping's contributions to the ricegrowing world. D．The advantages of Yuan Longping's discoveries. 答案：1～5 BCDBC Studyreading Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text. 1．As a boy he was educated in many schools and was given the nickname, “the student who asks questions”． [句式分析] [尝试翻译] 他小时候在很多学校接受过教育，并被人们取了个绰号为“问问题的学 生”。 2．He thought that the key to feeding people was to have more rice and to produce it more quickly. [句式分析] that 引导宾语从句，作 thought 的宾语。从句的主语为 the key，to feeding people 为 the key 的定语，to have more rice and to produce it more quickly 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 9 为不定式作表语。 [尝试翻译] 他认为，解决人们吃饭问题的关键在于拥有更多的稻米，并且能更快地生 产出来。 3．He thought there was only one way to do this — by crossing different species of rice plant, and then he could produce a new plant which could give a higher yield than either of the original plants. [句式分析] [尝试翻译] 他想只有一种方法可以做这件事——通过杂交不同品种的水稻，然后他可 以培育出一种新的水稻，这种水稻可以比原先的任何一种产量更高。 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A You may hear the expression: “If you give a person a fish, they will eat for a day. If you teach a person to fish, they can eat for a lifetime.” One way to explain this is that helping people grow their own food is a better way to fight hunger. That is the purpose of an agricultural research organization called HarvestPlus.HarvestPlus is teaching people around the world how to grow what it calls “smart” crops (庄稼). Its project in Mozambique, a country in Southeast Africa, is having surprising influences. Sweet potatoes have vitamin (维生素) A, which keeps your eyes healthy and helps the body fight disease. In 2006, HarvestPlus workers provided orange sweet potato plants to people in 24 Mozambique villages. The workers taught these people how to grow the vegetables and also explained the importance of vitamin A to staying healthy. Farmers in Mozambique had been planting white and yellow sweet potatoes, which have very little vitamin A. However, one small, orange sweet potato has a full day's supply of vitamin A. Alan de Brauw from the International Food Policy Research Institute says about 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 10 70 percent of children there were not getting enough vitamin A. He says the potatoes had a surprising influence on the health of children. At the end of the threeyear study, the researchers found that children living in villages growing orange sweet potatoes had 40 percent fewer chances of getting diarrhea (痢疾) than other boys and girls. Among children under the age of three, the difference was 50 percent. Experts (专家) are suggesting that connecting agriculture and health problems is natural and helpful. Anne Herforth, a food expert, says the findings do a good job making the connection between food production and health. “Look, you produce a food and it's available to people to eat and they like it; then it does good things for health.” 语篇解读：本文是说明文。农业研究组织 HarvestPlus 以一种特殊的方式不仅解决了粮 食危机而且还改善了人们的健康状况。 1．Why was HarvestPlus set up? A．To provide food for people around the world. B．To help farmers increase crop production. C．To do research on agricultural products. D．To deal with the hunger problem. 解析：选 D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“helping people grow their own food is a better way to fight hunger. That is the purpose of an agricultural research organization called HarvestPlus”可知，HarvestPlus 这个组织的目的是要解决饥饿问 题。 2．What's special about orange sweet potatoes? A．They have more vitamin A. B．They sell better in villages. C．They taste much sweeter. D．They are easier to plant. 解析：选 A 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“white and yellow sweet potatoes, which have very little vitamin A”和“one small, orange sweet potato has a full day's supply of vitamin A”可知，橙色的红薯含有更多的维生素 A。 3．What surprised the researchers? A．Diarrhea was extremely common in Mozambique villages. B．Orange sweet potatoes strongly influenced children's health. C．Most children in Mozambique weren't getting enough vitamin A. D．There was a big difference in the health of children of different ages. 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 11 解析：选 B 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“the potatoes had a surprising influence on the health of children”以及接下来的研究结果可知，橙色红薯对儿童的 健康有着巨大作用，这让研究者感到非常诧异。 4．In Anne Herforth's opinion, ________. A．connecting food with health is useful B．people should try their best to produce natural food C．agriculture and health problems always go hand in hand D．it's more important to produce healthy food than delicious food 解析：选 A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Anne Herforth ... says the findings do a good job making the connection between food production and health.”以及他 接下来说的话可知，他认为将食物和健康联系在一起是有用的。 B On December 14, 1911, Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen and his fourman team became the first people to reach the South Pole, where they raised the Norwegian flag in victory. On Wednesday, exactly 100 years later, Norway's prime minister gathered with scientists and polar adventurers at the bottom of the world to remember the famous explorer's achievements. “We are here to celebrate one of the greatest feats (功绩) in human history，” Prime Minister Jens Stoltenberg said. Amundsen was one of the world's most famous polar explorers. In 1903, he became the first to make a ship voyage through the Northwest Passage. After learning that American explorer Robert E. Peary had reached the North Pole first in April 1909, Amundsen made secret plans for a South Pole expedition (探险). At the time, the South Pole was considered to be the last great, undiscovered territory. On October 15, 1911, Amundsen set out from his base, in Bay of Whales, Antarctica (南极洲), with four companions, 52 dogs and four sleds. His success in reaching the South Pole was supported by careful planning. He took a preliminary (预备的) trip to drop food and supplies along the first part of his route. His use of sled dogs to carry supplies also helped. Amundsen and his men, along with 11 surviving dogs, made it back to base on January 25, 1912, quicker than expected. Today, Antarctica is a base for many global scientific research projects. The land holds many clues to Earth's past and future changes, especially those related to global climate changes. Wednesday's ceremony at the pole also served a reminder of the importance of continuing scientific research in this distant place. “The loss of ice in the Antarctic can have great global consequences，” the Prime Minister 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 12 Stoltenberg said. 语篇解读：你知道世界上第一个抵达南极点的人是谁吗？一起来了解一下吧。 5．The Wednesday's celebration was for ________. A．the birthday of Roald Amundsen B．Norway's prime minister's new policy C．Norwegians “victory” in the South Pole D．Norway's economical achievements 解析：选 C 细节理解题。由第一段可知，挪威首相召集科学家和南极探险者们举行集 会，以纪念挪威人抵达南极点 100 周年。 6．What encouraged Amundsen to travel to the South Pole? A．Support from the Norway's prime minister. B．Robert E. Peary's reaching the North Pole. C．The plan of building a new base in the South Pole. D．The success in traveling through the Northwest Passage. 解析：选 B 细节理解题。由第二段可知，当得知罗伯特·E·皮尔里第一个到达北极 点后，罗尔德·阿蒙森便开始秘密计划去南极点的探险。 7．What mainly helped Amundsen reach the South Pole? A．His careful preparation. B．His former several failures. C．His families encouragement. D．His special route and sleds. 解析：选 A 细节理解题。由第三段中的“His success in reaching the South Pole was supported by careful planning.”可知，罗尔德·阿蒙森成功到达南极点主要是因为 他的准备工作做得非常充分。 8．How long did it take Amundsen to reach the South Pole? A．About 2 months. B．About 3 months. C．About 5 months. D．About 6 months. 解析：选 A 推理判断题。由第三段可知，罗尔德·阿蒙森于 1911 年 10 月 15 日开始 他的南极点探险旅程；由第一段可知他于 1911 年 12 月 14 日抵达南极点，由此推算可知， 他到达南极点用时约 2 个月。 C Among all the noticeable movies I have seen lately, is the Matrix (《黑客帝 国》) movies. And, while I don't like everything about the series, I have been totally fascinated by the philosophical (哲学的) questions they have posed. 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 13 At the beginning of the first Matrix movie, there is a scene where one of the female stars is running away from a bad guy. All the while, the bad guy is right on her heels. Then, with nowhere left to go, she spots a very small window in the building across the street. She suddenly makes a mad dash to the edge of the roof and hurls herself through the air like Superman. Her body flies through the air and through the small window. As it turns out, this window is in a stairwell, so when she gets through the window and hits the ground, she rolls down the stairs and ends up at the bottom. If we can look out in society, we can see people all around who have fallen down the stairs of life. There are those who are very tragic figures, such as the homeless and drug addicts. Some of these people were once “on the top of their game”， but something happened and they fell. Then there are those who never really take life seriously. They aren't out on the street, but they have no ambition to move forward — you know, the couch potato crowd. Life is a stairwell. In many ways, the whole process of personal growth is like living life in a stairwell. We are constantly trying to make our way to the top. Each time we take a step up we are closer to our destination. But sometimes we become too tired to go on.Sometimes we don't pick our foot up high enough and we trip. And occasionally we may even lose our balance and go tumbling down toward the bottom. 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者从一部电影中受到启示：生活如逆水行舟，不 进则退。 9．What could be the author's purpose in writing the text? A．To give a film review. B．To tell us a funny scene. C．To show us the danger in life. D．To tell us a valuable lesson. 解析：选 D 推理判断题。从文章最后三段可知，作者介绍电影不是其根本目的，其目 的是告诉我们生活的哲理。 10．Why does the author mention the Matrix movies? A．They contain meaningful questions. B．They are quite exciting. C．They make people entertained. D．He likes everything about them. 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 14 解析：选 A 细节理解题。从文章第一段最后一句可知，这部电影并非完美无缺，但其 中包含哲理，这是作者介绍电影的原因。 11．What do we know about the female star from the movie scene? A．She is very brave. B．She is in danger. C．She makes the right choice. D．She turns out a hero. 解析：选 B 细节理解题。从文章第二段和第三段可知，这位女星被人追逐，十分危险。 12．What does the author intend to tell us in the last paragraph? A．We should find the right way in life. B．We should have clear goals in life. C．We should make continuous efforts in life. D．We should learn from mistakes. 解析：选 C 推理判断题。分析文章最后一段可知，作者认为，生活就像爬楼梯，我们 需要坚持不懈。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 My mother is a diligent and kind woman. She is very busy from morning till night. As a teacher, she works hard. __1__ Both my brother and I love her dearly as she loves us. My mother has been teaching math at a middle school in my hometown. She goes to work early in the morning and does not return home until late in the afternoon. __2__ She treats them with patience and teaches them well. For her excellent quality and very good teaching results, she has been elected as a model teacher several times. __3__ Every day, when she comes back home from work, she sets about doing housework, sweeping the living room and bedrooms or cleaning the furniture and putting everything in good order. She seems to be busy all the time. As she has been very busy working every day, she looks older than her age. But she looks as cheerful and happy as ever. Mother never buys expensive dresses for herself, but she often buys some inexpensive but high quality clothes for us. __4__ She just eats a plain meal outside when she is too busy to cook herself. She lives a busy yet simple life, without any complaints. Often she says to us, “Work while you work, and play while you play. That is the way to be happy and gay. If you do not work, you will become lazy and be of no use to society.” What a piece of good advice this is! __5__ This advice of hers 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 15 will always serve as a guide to my behavior. My mother is great indeed, and I always feel proud of her. A．She enjoys listening to classic music. B．As a mother, she takes good care of us and gives us every comfort. C．She loves her students and cares for them. D．She never goes to expensive restaurants to enjoy meals. E．My mother is hardworking and never wastes money. F．I never forget it and always bear it in my mind. G．Can you tell us something about your mother? 答案：1～5 BCEDF