【英语】2018届人教版必修1一轮复习：Unit4Earthquake单元学案设计（24页） 24页

‎2018届人教版必修1一轮复习：Unit 4 Earthquake单元学案设计 单元话题阅读知识 Earthquake and Quakeproof ‎ 　　Some countries, such as Japan, have a large number of earthquakes. Earthquakes happen very quickly and violently. During an earthquake, there is often a great noise first. Then the earth shakes terribly, many houses fall down, railway tracks break and trains run off lines, a great many factories are destroyed, thousands of deaths are caused, and many more lose homes.… Besides the great damage and deaths caused by the earthquake itself, other disasters such as fires often follow, more buildings destroyed and more deaths caused. 　　It is well known of the dangers of a possible earthquake, and for centuries man has been making researches on earthquakes. More than 2000 years ago, for example, a Chinese scientist named Zhang Heng invented a machine which could detect earthquakes, and this machine is still used by scientists today to detect and measure the strength of earthquakes. Now we know much more about earthquakes and why they happen, but we still cannot tell exactly when and where an earthquake will happen, and cannot stop it from happening. So earthquakes are among the worst disasters in the world. 　　No one can stop natural earthquakes. However, scientists can help stop earthquakes destroying the whole cities and causing too many deaths. In those areas where earthquakes often happen, they record mountain temperatures and take photos from the air and if anything starts to happen, they warn governments to be prepared for possible disasters so that emergency plans are put into action to lessen the disaster, probably saving many lives.‎ How to Escape a Fire ‎ 　　Fire fighting is a serious matter. Knowing what to do during a fire can save people's lives. It is important to know the ways you can use and show them to everyone else in the family, such as stairways and emergency（紧急事件）exits, but not lifts. 　　From the lower floors of buildings, escaping through windows is possible. Learn the best way to get out from a window with the least chance of serious injury. 　　The second floor window is usually not very high from the ground. An average（普通的）person, hanging by the fingertips（手指尖）will have a drop of about 6 feet to the ground. It is about the height of an average man. Of course, it is safer to jump a short way down than to stay in a burning building. 　　Windows are also useful when you are waiting for help. Be sure to keep the door closed before opening the window. Otherwise, smoke and fire may be drawn into the room. Keep your head low at the window to be sure you get fresh air rather than smoke that may have leaked（漏）into the room. 　　On the second or third floor, the best windows for escape are those which open onto a roof. From the roof a person can drop to the ground more safely. 　　Dropping onto cement（水泥）might end in injury. Bushes and trees can help you to have a soft landing 单元重点词汇回顾 right away ‎ 立刻,马上 ‎1. Did you get dressed right away? 你马上就穿衣服了吗？‎ ‎2. I will set off right away. 我将立刻出发。‎ ‎3. I'll have it sent right away. 我会立刻把它（拍送）出去。‎ ‎4. She wanted to know why I didn't tell her right away that she had the wrong number. Before I could answer her, she hung up. 她想知道为什么我不马上告诉她她的电话号码错了。我还没来得及回答，她就挂上了电 话。‎ ‎5. I want it typed right away, please. 请立刻把它打印出来。‎ ‎6. If war breaks out, we shall be called up right away. 如果战争爆发, 我们将立即被征召服役。‎ ‎7. The storm will blow over right away. 暴风雨很快就会平息。‎ ‎8. He is ill; you should call in the doctor right away. 他病了, 你应该立即请大夫来。‎ rise ‎ n. 上升,增加,小山 v. 升起,起身,上升,(日、月、星)升起 ‎1. I am reading a book about the rise and fall of the Roman Empire. 我正在看一本关于罗马帝国兴衰的书。‎ ‎2. The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。‎ ‎3. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 太阳从东方升起，在西方落下。‎ ‎4. Christians believe that Jesus rose from the dead on Easter Sunday. 基督徒相信耶稣在那个星期日（后定为复活节）里复活了。‎ ‎5. She rose above her difficulties and became a tremendous success. 她战胜了重重困难，取得了巨大的成功。‎ ‎6. At the top of the rise they paused for a rest. 他们在小山的顶部停下来休息。‎ ‎7. The wind is rising — I think there's a storm coming. 风越刮越猛——大概要来暴风雨了。‎ ‎8. The river has risen (by) several metres. 河水上涨了好几米。‎ ‎[词义辨析] arise, rise, raise, arouse arise 产生，出现。如：Before they went out, a mist arose. ‎ rise 上升。如：The sun rises in the east. ‎ raise 举起，升起，提出。如：A sunken ship was raised to the surface of the sea. ‎ arouse 唤醒，引起，激起。如：His behavior aroused suspicion. ‎ ‎(注：四个词中，arise与rise为不及物动词) ‎ A completely new situation will when the examination system comes into existence. (95.6) ‎ A) arise B) rise C) raise D) arouse ‎ 译文：这种考试制度一旦出现，将会出现一个崭新的局面。答案是A。 ‎ Our hopes and fell in the same instant. (01.6) ‎ A) arose B) raised C) rose D) aroused ‎ 译文：一瞬间我们的希望升起又落下了。答案是C。 ‎ burst ‎ n. 破裂,阵,爆发 v. 爆裂,突发 ‎1. The square is bursting with tourists. 广场上到处都是游客。‎ ‎2. I felt as if my heart would burst with joy. 我觉得自己高兴得心花怒放。‎ ‎3. There was a burst of laughter in the next room. 隔壁房间里突然爆发出一阵笑声。‎ ‎4. The police burst through the door. 警察破门而入。‎ ‎5. I've eaten so much I'm bursting at the seams. 我吃得太多了，肚子都要撑破了。‎ ‎6. May I use your lavatory I'm bursting! ie I need to urinate urgently. 我可以用用你们的厕所吗--我实在憋不住了。‎ ‎7. The police burst in (through the door) and arrested the gang. 警察突然闯进（房门）逮捕了那帮人。‎ ‎8. Water-pipes often burst in cold weather. 水管在寒冷的天气里经常冻裂。‎ at an end ‎ 结束 ‎1. The war was at an end. 战争结束了.‎ ‎2. I must warn you that my patience is almost at an end. 我必须警告你，我已忍无可忍了。‎ ‎3. Our hunt for a cheaper but larger house is at last at an end.‎ ‎ 我们想寻找一幢便宜些但要大些的房子的事终于有了结果。‎ ruin ‎ n. (pl.)废墟,毁灭 v. 毁坏,破坏 vi. (使)破产,毁灭 vt. 毁坏,毁灭 ‎1. The castle now lies in ruins. 城堡现在已成了一片废墟了。‎ ‎2. The rain ruined my painting. 这场雨把我的画给毁了。‎ ‎3. His rashness led ultimately to his ruin. 他的急燥卤莽最终导致了他的毁灭。‎ ‎4. He ruined his prospects by carelessness. 他因疏忽大意而断送了前途。‎ ‎5. Ruin was staring her in the face. 她眼看就要倾家荡产了。‎ ‎6. The castle has fallen into ruin. 那城堡已破败不堪。‎ ‎7. It poured with rain and my dress got/was ruined. 大雨倾盆, 我的连衣裙已淋得不成样子了。‎ ‎8. Gambling was his ruin. 他堕落是因为好赌。‎ injure ‎ v. 伤害,使...受冤屈 ‎1. She was injured badly in the accident. 她在事故中受重伤。‎ ‎2. He injured his left hand in a fire. 他在火灾中伤了左手。‎ ‎3. He that spare the bad injure the good. 饶恕了恶人，伤害了好人。‎ ‎4. Don't injure yourself with that tool. 不要让那工具伤害到你。‎ ‎[词义辨析] harm，damage，injure，hurt harm 的含义侧重于“损害，伤害”，可指精神或肉体的伤害，程度较轻，如：Don't harm your eyes by reading in dim light. 不要在暗淡的灯光下看书而伤害了眼睛。‎ injure指“损害，受伤”，着重容貌、机能的损坏，例如：She was injured badly in the accident. 事故中她受了伤。‎ damage意为“破坏，损坏”，如：Hundreds of houses were damaged by the storm. 暴风雨毁坏了数百家房屋。‎ hurt指“伤害；刺痛”，尤指在精神或肉体上的伤害，含有强烈的疼痛，例如：No feelings were ‎ hurt though the criticism was sharp. 批评虽然尖锐，却未伤感情。‎ destroy ‎ v. 破坏,毁坏 ‎[计算机] 撤消 ‎1. An atom bomb would destroy a city. 一颗原子弹能摧毁一座城市。‎ ‎2. The injured dog had to be destroyed. 这只受伤的狗要予以人道毁灭。‎ ‎3. We want to nurture the new project, not destroy it. 我们要支持这个新工程, 不要破坏它。‎ ‎4. The new law operates to destroy our advantages. 这项新法律损害我们的利益。‎ ‎5. Before they fled the country, the enemy vainly attempted to destroy all the factories. 敌人在逃往国外前，妄图把所有工厂都毁掉。‎ ‎6. If the tree falls that way, it will destroy the house. 树向那边倒下就会把那所房子压坏。‎ shock ‎ n. 震动,冲突,震惊 v. 震动,冲突,使...受电击 ‎1. Anyone touching that wire could get badly shocked. 任何人碰到那根电线都会遭到严重的电击。‎ ‎2. His death was a great shock to us all. 他的死使我们大家都大为震惊。‎ ‎3. The violence and bad language in the program shocked many of the viewers. 节目中的暴力场面和难听的粗话使许多观众感到震惊。‎ ‎4. It gave me quite a shock to be told I was seriously ill. 听说我的病很严重，我吃了一惊。‎ ‎5. I'm not easily shocked, but that book really is obscene. 我并不是大惊小怪的人, 但那本书淫秽之甚确实让我大吃一惊。‎ ‎6. The news of his mother's death was a terrible shock to him. 他母亲去世的噩耗使他非常震惊。‎ ‎7. He was shocked to hear his child swearing. 他听见他孩子骂人非常生气。‎ ‎8. I was shocked at the news of her death. 我听到她去世的消息十分震惊。‎ rescue ‎ n. 援救,解救,营救 v. 援救,救出,营救 ‎1. The government has rescued the firm from bankruptcy by giving them a grant. ‎ ‎ 政府拨款给这家公司使其免于破产。‎ ‎2. Had Jim not dived in to rescue him, the boy would have drowned. 如果不是吉姆跳下水去救，那小孩早就淹死了。‎ ‎3. Police rescued the hostages. 警方救出了人质。‎ ‎4. A wealthy sponsor came to our rescue with a generous donation. 有个富有的赞助人慷慨捐赠来解救我们。‎ ‎5. The well-drilled crew managed to rescue most of the passengers. 训练有素的机组人员设法营救出了大部分乘客。‎ ‎6. Rescue workers rushed to the site of the plane crash. 抢救人员冲向飞机坠毁的现场。‎ ‎7. He dived from the bridge to rescue the drowning child. 他从桥上跳入水中去救溺水儿童。‎ ‎8. Going to their rescue in a rowing-boat is a bit of a forlorn hope. ‎ 乘划艇去救他们, 希望不大. 。 organize vi. 组织起来 vt. 组织 ‎1. The meeting was badly organized. 会议组织得很糟。‎ ‎2. “Don't mourn for me. Organize!”These were his last words. “不要为我悲痛，组织起来！”这就是他最后的遗言。‎ ‎3. They planned to organize a scientific expedition. 他们计划组织一次科学考察。‎ ‎4. Sarah has been enlisted to organize the party. 萨拉已应邀组织这一聚会。‎ ‎5. I was asked to organize the trip, but I messed it up. 大家要我组织这次旅游，可是我把事情搞糟了。‎ ‎6. He needs to marry a down-to-earth person who will organize his life for him. 他需要娶个讲求实际的人做妻子好为他安排生活。‎ ‎7. All her friends have been roped in to help organize the event. 她所有的朋友都已动员来协助组织这一活动。‎ ‎8. To write a good essay you must first organize your ideas logically. 要写出好文章, 必须先从逻辑上理顺思绪。‎ dig out ‎ vt. 挖出(挖掉,查出)‎ ‎1. He was buried by an avalanche and had to be dug out. 他遇雪崩被埋住了，得把他挖出来。‎ ‎2. It is not easy to dig out the past. 发掘过去的历史是不容易的。‎ ‎3. He was dug out from under the avalanche. 他被人从坍崩的雪堆中挖出来。‎ ‎4. Raymond: We can either dig out some earth worms in my yard or buy some shrimps in the market. 雷蒙：我们可以到我家院子里挖一些蚯蚓，或者在市场上买一些小虾。‎ bury ‎ v. 埋葬 ‎1. Both his grandparents were buried here. 他的祖父母都葬在这里。‎ ‎2. He was sitting with his head buried in a book. 他坐着埋头看书。‎ ‎3. He walked slowly, his hands buried in his pockets. 他走得很慢，两手插在衣袋里。‎ ‎4. Her head was buried in the book she was reading. 她在埋头读书。‎ ‎5. She buried her face in her hands and wept. 她双手掩面哭了起来。‎ ‎6. Your letter got buried under a pile of papers. 你的信压在一堆文件下面了。‎ ‎7. He's been dead and buried for years! 他已死亡并且埋葬多年了!‎ ‎8. He was buried with his wife. 他和他妻子葬在一起。‎ a number of ‎ 许多,若干 ‎1. I have consulted a number of law books in the British Museums. 我查阅了大英博物馆里许多法律书籍。‎ ‎2. A number of burglaries have been committed in this area recently. 这一带最近发生了若干起入户盗窃案。‎ ‎3. A number of soldiers were detached to guard the building. 许多士兵被派去保护这座建筑物。‎ ‎4. The play contains a number of typical Stoppard set pieces. 这出戏里有若干典型的斯托帕特式的场景。‎ ‎5. Quite a number of world famous paintings are on show in this exhibition. 有许多的世界名画在本次展览会上展出。‎ ‎6. The Green Party hopes to put up a number of candidates in the General Election. 绿党希望提出若干候选人参加大选。‎ ‎7. A number of cables are needed in this project. 这项工程需要大量电缆。‎ ‎8. The bishop conducted a number of confirmations at the service. 主教在仪式上为许多人施行了坚信礼。‎ ‎[词义辨析] amount，number 这一对词都能用作名词和动词，又都表示“数目”、“总数”之意，故很易混淆。‎ 它们之间的区别是，amount用于不可数名词，表示“量”； number用于可数名词，表示“数”。例：‎ ＊ He has contributed a considerable amount of money to the Chinese University of Hong Kong．（amount为名词）他捐了一笔为数可观的钱给香港中文大学。‎ ＊ Our expenditure amounts to fifty thousand dollars a month．（amount为动词）我们每月的开支达五万元。‎ ＊ Every year the Hong Kong Book Fair draws a large number of visitors．（number为名词）每一年香港的书展吸引了大量的观众。‎ ＊ Today more than 30，000 students are enrolled in the polytechnic．‎ ＊ The full-time students in our department number over 3，500．（number为动词）现在理工学院有三万多名学生；我们系里全日制的学生已超过三千五百名。‎ Amount除作“数量”、“总额”解外，亦可表示“价值”之意。例：‎ ＊ Your information is of little amount．（名词）你的情报没有什么价值。‎ ＊ It is unlikely that the forthcoming talks will amount to very much．（动词）看来即将举行的会谈不会有多大意义。‎ 与amount一词搭配使用的字很多，常用的有：respectable～（相当大的数量）； trifling～（微不足道的数额）； approved～（核准的数额）； fixed～（固定的数额）； vast～（大量）；average～（平均数）；aggregate～（总额）；required～（所需数）； proper～（适量）。‎ 与number搭配的形容词亦不少，常见的有：round ～（整数）；serial～（编号）； small～（为数不多）；astonishing～（数目惊人）； even～（偶数）； odd～（奇数）； high～（大数）；low～（小数）； huge（immense）～（巨大的数量）；limited～（有限的数目）；maximum～（最大量）； minimum～‎ give out ‎ 分发 ‎1. The teacher gave out the examination papers. 教师发了考卷。‎ ‎2. After a month their food supplies gave out. 过了一个月, 他们的食物已消耗殆尽。‎ ‎3. The radiator is giving out a lot of heat. 散热器释放出很多热量。‎ ‎4. One of the plane's engines gave out in mid-Atlantic. 飞机在大西洋中部飞行时, 其中一个发动机出了故障。‎ ‎5. Her patience finally gave out. 她终于失去了耐性。‎ ‎6. It was given out that the President had been shot. 据称总统受到枪击。‎ ‎7. The news of the President's death was given out in a radio broadcast. 总统逝世的消息已在电台上播出了。‎ ‎8. He has refused to give out any information on the matter. 他已拒绝发表有关此事的任何消息。‎ prepare ‎ v. 准备,预备 ‎1. He is preparing his speech for the meeting tomorrow. 他正准备明天集会的演说。‎ ‎2. Early experiments with military rockets prepared the ground for space travel. 早年对军用火箭进行的实验为发展航天技术奠定了基础。‎ ‎3. She was prepared for anything to happen. 她已准备好应付一切。‎ ‎4. I had no time in which to prepare. 我已来不及做准备了。‎ ‎5. Prepare yourself for a nasty shock! 有件令人十分震惊的事, 你要有所准备!‎ ‎6. I am prepared to lend you the money if you promise to pay it back. 我愿意把钱借给你, 你得答应还给我。‎ ‎7. I knew there were problems, but I was not prepared for this! 我知道有些问题, 却未料到这一点!‎ ‎8. I am not prepared to stay and listen to these outrageous insults. 我可不愿意在这儿受这种奇耻大辱。‎ thousands of ‎ 数千的...‎ ‎1. The fair is a big gathering. Thousands of businessmen from more than150 countries and regions are here to trade with China. 本次交易会是一次盛会。来自150多个国家和地区的成千上万的商人在这里与中国进行贸易。‎ ‎2. On the night of December1, 1930, a cloud of smog moved over a valley in Belgium, which caused thousands of people to become ill. 1930年12月1日晚上，一片烟雾飘过比利时的一个山谷，这使数千人病倒了。‎ ‎3. The cyclone brought misery to thousands of people. 暴风给成千上万的人带来灾难。‎ ‎4. Men have been making music for thousands of years. 人类创作音乐已有数千年历史。‎ ‎5. The press has reported the massacre of thousands of people for their religious beliefs. 新闻界报道了那场因宗教信仰原因而对千万人的大屠杀。‎ ‎6. The novel captured the imagination of thousands of readers. 这部小说引起了千万读者的想象。‎ ‎7. The liberal candidate romped through with thousands of votes to spare. 自由党候选人轻易获胜，超出选票数以千计。‎ ‎8. There are thousands of awnings on the sea beach. 沙滩上有许多遮阳篷。‎ 重点句式分析 1. But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night. 但是城里的百万群众，没有理会这些事件，那天夜里还和以往一样，安然入睡了。‎ 句中who引导的“非限制性定语从句”。‎ 非限制性定语从句只是对主句内容，或先行词的补充、解释或附加说明。主句与先行词或从句之间一般用逗号分开，常常单独翻译。没有它，主句意思仍然完整。‎ 引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词有as，which，who， whom，whose等，作定语从句的主语、宾语、表语及定语。‎ 关系副词有when，where等，作定语从句的状语。‎ 关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中一般不能省。‎ ‎2. It seemed as if the world was at an end! 似乎世界的末日到来了。‎ 句子中的as if引导的是表语从句。‎ 表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后，一般结构是“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。‎ 可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。‎ as if 引导表语从句不可省略。‎ 另外，常用的还有the reason is that… 和It is because 等结构。例如：‎ ‎1) The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time. ‎ ‎2) This is why we can’t get the support of the people. ‎ ‎3) But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes. ‎ ‎4) The reason he is late for school is that he missed the early bus.‎ ‎3. All hope was not lost. 并非所有的希望都失去了。‎ 这是典型的“部分否定”句。‎ 在英语里有一些用来表示“全体”或“完全”意义的总括词，如all, every (及everybody, everything等)，both, always, quite, wholly, entirely, altogether, completely等，凡含有这些词的否定句并非表示全部否定。如：‎ ‎1. Not all the ants go out for the food. 并非所有的蚂蚁都出外觅食。‎ ‎2. Money is not everything. 金钱并非万能。‎ 从上面例子中可以看出部分否定有下列两种形式：‎ 一、 直接把否定词not 放在被否定词之前。如：‎ ‎3. Not all birds can fly. 并不是所有的鸟都会飞。‎ ‎4. Not both children are clever. 两个孩子并不都聪明。‎ ‎5. He doesn’t quite understand. 他并非全部理解。‎ ‎6. We are not altogether interested. 我们并不完全感兴趣。‎ 二、 用not 来否定谓语。如：‎ ‎7. I can’t catch everything in the book. 我没有完全掌握书中的内容。‎ ‎8. All that glitters is not gold. 闪光的未必都是金子。 ‎ ‎4. Slowly, the city began to breathe again.慢慢地，这个城市又开始呼吸了。‎ 本句“breathe”是英语暗喻用法。‎ 暗喻是根据两个事物之间的某些共同特点，把一个事物的名称用在另一个事物上。靠读者自己去意会。这种比喻是含蓄的。‎ 在英语专著中对隐喻的较新的定义是：“将一个词从其本义转为一般不能换用但却相似的另一个词，强调其认同，即两者相似。但不是明喻。”‎ 汉语的暗喻和英语的暗喻都不漏比喻的痕迹，把甲直接说成“是”乙或“变成”了乙。‎ 常用的比喻词在汉语里有“是”、“变成”、“变为”、“成为”、“成了”、“当作”等，英语常用“Be”做喻词，也用 become，turn into等。‎ 暗喻在翻译中也可采取直译。例如：‎ He has a heart of stone. 他有铁石心肠。‎ It was not long before he saw the fruit of his patient efforts. 不久他便看到了辛勤劳动所获得的成果。‎ The fountain of knowledge will dry up unless streams of new learning continuously replenish it. 知识之泉要连续不断注入新的学习的溪流才不会枯竭。‎ ‎ [词义辨析] breath，breathe 这两个词都是表示“呼吸”的意思，但词性和读音不同。 breath是名词； breathe是动词。初学英语的人容易将breathe的e丢掉，以致与breath混淆不清。‎ 请看下面例句：‎ After we had climbed to the top of the hill，we stopped to gather breath．我们爬到山顶后便停下来歇口气。‎ Only in the countryside can we have a breath of fresh air．只有在郊野我们才能呼吸到新鲜的空气。‎ He has run himself out of breath．他跑得上气不接下气。‎ The old lady breathed her last this morning．老太太今天早上断气了。‎ In an attack of asthma，she breathed hard．哮喘发作，她感到呼吸困难。‎ It's healthy to breathe deeply in the morning. 早上作深呼吸对身体有益。‎ 单元综合知识运用 I. 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ ‎　　Do you know what kind of things the young people are reading? More and more __21 and parents have noticed another kind of pollution, which came from the printed paper ___22__ on streets.‎ ‎　　These printed things ___23__ newspapers but have hardly anything to do with __24__, you can only find reading materials badly made up there—some are too strange for anyone to __25__; others are frightening stories of something __26__ However, many of the young readers are getting interested in such __27__ reading, which __28__ them what they should pay for their breakfast and brings them nightmares（噩梦）and immoral（邪恶）ideas in __29__. Homework was left __30__; daily games were lost.‎ ‎　　These sellers shout on streets selling their papers well. The writers, publishers and printers, __31__ they are, we never know, are __32__ their silent money.‎ ‎　　The sheep-skinned wolf's story seems to have been forgotten once again Why not __33__this kind of thing? Yes, both teachers and parents have asked each other for more strict control of the young readers. __34__, the more you want to forbid it, the more they want to have a look at it. __35__ you may even find out several children, driven by the curious natures, __36__ one patched paper, which has travelled from hand to hand.‎ ‎　　It really does __37__to our society. It has already formed a sort of moral pollution. The __38__ teachers and parents need more powerful support in their protection of the young generation. At the same time the young __39__ need more interesting books to help them __40__ those ugly papers.‎ ‎　　21．A. teachers　　　 B. writers C. readers　　　 D. students ‎　　22．A. found　　　　　 B. sold　　　　　C. printed　　　　　D. put ‎ ‎　　23．A. depend on　　　 B. work out　　　 C. look like　　　　D. act as ‎　 24．A. it　　 　B. them C. children　　 D. young people ‎　　25．A. understand　　　 B. think　　　　　C. believe　　　　 D. know ‎　　26．A. more important B. still worse　 C. even better　　　 D. very good ‎　　27．A. poisonous　　　B. wonderful　　　C. interesting　　　 D. useful ‎　　28．A. takes　　　　　B. spends　　　　　C. costs D. pays ‎　　29．A. use　　　　　　B. sight　　　　　C. common　　　 D. return ‎　　30．A. undone　　　　B. unknown　　　 C. much　　　　　D. less ‎　　31．A. who　　　　　B. what　　　　　 C. whoever　　　　D. whatever ‎　　32．A. using　　　　 B. making　 C. spending　　　 D. wasting ‎　　33．A. stop　　　　　B. forbid C. separate　　　 D. leave ‎　　34．A. Happily　　　 B. Luckily C. Unfortunately　 D. Badly ‎　　35．A. Seldom　　　 B. Always 　C. Hardly　　　 D. Sometimes ‎　　36．A. take　　　　　B. share 　C. get　　 D. hold ‎　　37．A. harm　　　　 B. good 　C. favour　　　　　D. wrong ‎　 38．A. worried　　　 B. puzzled 　C. surprised　　　　D. disappointed ‎　　39．A. writers　　　　B. teachers 　C. parents　　　　　D. readers ‎　　40．A. get off　　　　B. come into 　C. break down　　　D. get rid of II. 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ Knowledge may __41__acquired through many ways, one of__42__ is from traveling __43__another is by conversation, __44___(especial)one with a great man. A person may also become __45__(knowledge) through other ways such as listening to the radio, watching television or, the best way, through __46__. But, there exists one problem about reading because there are all __47__of books in society. Good books are beneficial to our soul while __48__ ones are __49__ (harm)to our mind. Therefore, it is of great importance for readers to read good books and reject harmful __50__‎ III、阅读（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节 阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ A ‎ Will it matter if you don't take your breakfast? Recently a test was given in the United States. Those tested included people of different ages, from 12 to 83. During the experiment, these people were given all kinds of breakfasts, and sometimes they got no breakfast at all. Special tests were set up to see how well their bodies worked when they had eaten a certain kind of breakfast. The results show that if a person eats a proper breakfast, he or she will work with better effect than if he or she has no breakfast. This fact appears to be especially true if a person works with his brains. If a student eats fruit, eggs, bread and milk before going to school, he will learn more quickly and listen with more attention to class.‎ Opposite to what many people believe, if you don't eat breakfast, you will not lose weight. This is because people become so hungry at noon that they eat too much for lunch, and end up gaining weight instead of losing. You will probably lose more weight if you reduce your other meals.‎ ‎51. During the test, those who were tested were given ________.‎ A. no breakfast at all B. very rich breakfast C. little food for breakfast D. different breakfast or none ‎52. The results of the test show that ________.‎ A. breakfast has great effect on work and studies B. breakfast has little to do with a person s work C. a person will work better if he has a simple breakfast D. those working with brains should have much for breakfast ‎53. The passage mentions that many people believe that if you don't eat breakfast, you will _________.‎ A. lose weight B. not lose weight C. be healthier D. gain a lot of weight ‎54. Which of the following is not true according to the passage?‎ A. Poor breakfasts affect those who work with brains.‎ B. Morning diet may cause one to get fatter.‎ C. Reducing lunch and supper is of less value in weight losing.‎ D. Eating less in lunch and supper may help to lose weight.‎ ‎55. According to the passage, if a student does not eat breakfast, ___________.‎ A. he will fall ill B. he will fail to listen to his teacher C. he will not make progress in his study D. his mind will work more slowly B A young woman carrying a three-year-old child got on a bus. The conductor hurried to give her a warm welcome and then kindly asked the other passengers to make more room for the woman and her child. On seeing this, people began to talk. "You know this conductor used to be very rude. Now suddenly he has changed his bad behavior , "said a middle-aged man.‎ ‎"Yes, he should be praised and we must write a letter to the company," said a second passenger. "That's right," another lady said, "I wish a newspaper reporter were here so that more people could learn from this conductor. "‎ Just then a gentleman who looked like a teacher turned to the conductor and said , "Excuse me, but can I know your name, please? Your excellent service must be praised..."‎ Before he could open his mouth, the three-year-old child sitting on the young woman's lap interrupted, "I know his name. I call him Dad."‎ ‎56. The passengers were ________ to see the conductor's kindness to the woman and the child.‎ A. excited B. pleased C. interested D. surprised ‎57. One passenger suggested writing a letter to the company to ______ .‎ A. make a demand for more buses B. thank the conductor for his good service C. criticize the conductor for his rude behavior D. invite a newspaper reporter to write about the conductor ‎58. What was the gentleman?‎ A. A teacher.‎ B. A newspaper reporter.‎ C. Not known from the story.‎ D. The conductor's friend from his company.‎ ‎59. The word "he" in the last paragraph refers to _______.‎ A. the gentleman B. the conductor C. the middle-aged man D. the three-year-old child ‎60. It is clear from the story that the conductor _______.‎ A. has changed his attitude towards his work B. has now been kind and polite to all passengers C. has not changed his rude behavior to passengers D. has now been kind and polite to women with children C Have you ever been afraid to talk back when you were treated unfairly? Have you ever bought something just because the salesman talked you into it? Many people are afraid to support themselves. Dr Robert Albert, author of Stand Up, Speak Out, and Talk Back thinks it' s because ‎ their self-respect is low. "There's always a' superior' around--- parent, a teacher, a boss---ho knows better."‎ But Albert and other scientists are doing something to help people help themselves. They offer "assertiveness training" courses A.T. for short. In the A.T. Course people learn that they have a right to be themselves. They learn to speak out and feel good about doing so. They learn to be aggressive without hurting other people.‎ In one way, learning to speak out is to get rid of fear. A group taking an A.T. Course will help the timid person to lose his fear. But A.T. uses an even stronger motive--- he need to share. The timid person speaks out in the group because he wants to tell how he feels. Whether or not you speak up for yourself depends on your self-respect. If someone you face is more "important" than you, you may feel less of a person. You start to doubt your answers to problems. You can get to feel good about yourself. And once you do you can learn to speak out.‎ ‎61. The problem the writer talks about is that __________.‎ A. some people buy things they don't want B. some people are afraid to speak out for their rights C. there are too many superiors D. some people don't think enough of themselves ‎62. The cause of the problem talked about in this passage is that _________.‎ A. some people have a low self-respect B. there is always someone around who "knows better"‎ C. salesmen talk people into buying things they don't want D. people don t share enough ‎63. The A.T. Course often _______.‎ A. make people distrust their own answers B. make things more favorable for "superiors"‎ C. help people know as much as their "superiors"‎ D. help people become more important ‎64. One thing the A.T. Course don't do is to __________.‎ A. share the need of people B. show they have a right to be themselves C. help people overcome fear D. help people to help themselves even if others suffer ‎65. A good title for this passage could be "__________".‎ A. The Need to Share B. Talk Back When Necessary C. One Way to Build Self-Respect D. One Way to Train Speaking Ability 第二节 信息匹配(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)‎ 阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。‎ 首先，请阅读下面有关购车的五条建议：‎ ‎5 steps to getting the best price in buying a new car.‎ Ideally, a dealership should help you find the right vehicle at a fair price. But some dealers place more emphasis on their profit margins than on satisfying their customers. ‎ Read the following situations and match the advice with them.‎ ‎66. Many dealerships prey on the unprepared. Going into a showroom “cold”--without having gathered key facts and preliminary(初步的) pricing figures--gives the salesperson too much control over the buying process.‎ ‎67. The dealer invoice price is commonly available on Web sites and in pricing guides. But the invoice price isn't necessarily what the dealer paid. There are often behind-the-scenes bonuses（幕后红利）, such as dealer incentives and holdbacks, that give the dealer more profit margin.‎ ‎68. Salespeople like to mix financing, leasing, and trade-in negotiations together, often asking you to negotiate around a monthly payment figure. This tactic（策略） gives the dealer more latitude to offer you a favorable figure in one area while inflating figures in another.‎ ‎69. The salesperson may try to sign you up for a higher rate than you could get elsewhere.‎ ‎70. Dealers often try to sell you extras such as rust proofing, fabric protection, and paint protectant, or push etching your Vehicle Identification Number on windows to deter ‎ thieves.‎ 请结合以上情形，与下面的建议进行匹配。‎ When buying a car, keep your interests front and center--and avoid common pitfalls（缺陷） that can cost you extra money--by following these tips:‎ A. Don't assume that the sticker price（标价） is the purchase price（买价）.‎ To get the lowest price, go in with a starting price that's based not on the sticker price but on how much the dealer paid for the vehicle.‎ A reasonable price to start negotiations is either 4 to 8 percent over what the dealer paid or the CR Wholesale Price, depending on the demand for the model.‎ B. Do your homework. ‎ Thoroughly research your choices. Read a variety of reviews. Check the reliability, safety, fuel economy, and pricing of any models you're considering. And don't wait until the day you plan to buy to test drive the vehicles. If you have a trade-in, know its approximate worth. That will depend on the vehicle's age, condition, mileage, and equipment, as well as where you trade it in. ‎ C. Negotiate one thing at one time.‎ Make clear that you want the lowest possible mark-up over your starting price. Add that you intend to visit other dealerships selling the same vehicle and will buy from the dealer with the best price.‎ Only after you've settled on the price should you discuss financing, leasing, or a trade-in, as necessary. Negotiate each item individually. Remember, you're in charge and can leave at any time. Heading for the door can sometimes jump-start a slow-moving negotiation or bring a lower offer.‎ D. Don't pay for extras you don't need.‎ Don't accept those unnecessary services and fees. If the items are on the bill of sale, put a line through them. Vehicle bodies are already coated to protect against rust. And CR reliability surveys show that rust is not a major problem with modern cars. You can treat upholstery and apply paint protectant yourself with good off-the-shelf products. You can also do your own VIN etching with a kit that costs about $25.‎ E. Other costs.‎ In addition to the vehicle price, you need to consider other costs, including: Sales tax ; Registration fees ; Insurance premiums ‎ Taxes and registration fees can increase your out-of-pocket cost by as much as 10 percent or more, and driving a car that’s worth more than your current one will cost more to insure. Be sure to check with your insurance agent or get insurance quotes online so you understand what you’re getting into.‎ F. Arrange financing in advance.‎ Compare interest rates at several banks, credit unions, and loan organizations before checking the dealer's rates. If pre-approved for a loan, you can keep financial arrangements out of the negotiations. Automakers may offer attractive financing terms, but make sure you qualify for them. ‎ VI．书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎　　假如你是一名记者，请根据以下提示，用英语向China Daily写一篇有关台湾大地震的报道。‎ ‎　　时间：1999年9月21日凌晨1时47分 ‎　　震级：7.6级 ‎　　人员损失：到当晚22时，已有1670人死亡，3924人受伤，2000多人被困，数百人失踪，许多人无家可归。‎ ‎　　设施破坏：停电，房屋桥梁倒塌，交通受阻。‎ ‎　　严重性：是台湾百年未遇的强烈地震。‎ ‎　　注意：1．词数在100左右。‎ ‎　　2．生词提示：magnitude 7.6　7.6级 IV．单词拼写（共10小题，满分5分）‎ ‎1. We were ________（震惊）when we heard of the news that the ship had sunk in the storm.‎ ‎2. He is very nervous. I noticed his hand ________（颤抖）‎ ‎3. The pipes had b________and the house was under two feet of water.‎ ‎4. The storm __________(毁坏) the farms.‎ ‎5. The firemen r________ five people from the burning building.‎ ‎6. The house was d___________ in the big fire.‎ ‎7. The boy fell off the tree and i______his legs.‎ ‎8. Mr. Wang couldn't _______ (判断) whether the lazy boy cheated in the exam or not.‎ ‎9. The government is trying to provide ______ （掩蔽处）for the homeless people.‎ ‎10. The average temperature has r______by 2 degrees this year.‎ V. 补全句子 1. 早睡早起 ‎ Early to bed, early to ________.‎ 2. 她说的太快了，我听不懂。‎ ‎ She spoke _____ ________ ________ _________ to understand.‎ 3. 好像谁也不知道这件事。‎ It ________ that ________ ________ ___________ about the matter.‎ 4. 她给他设下圈套，他就径直钻了进去。‎ She had ______ _______ _______ ________ him and he had walked straight into it. ‎ 5. 吸烟会损害你的健康。‎ Smoking will _________ ________ ___________.‎ Unit 4 Earthquakes 单元测试试题（答题卷）‎ Class_______________No.____________________Name_________________‎ I. 完形填空 ‎21~25：___ ___ ___ ___ ___ 26~30: ___ ___ ___ ___ ___‎ ‎31~35：___ ___ ___ ___ ___ 36~40: ___ ___ ___ ___ ___‎ II. 语法填空 ‎41._________ 42._________ 43._________ 44._________ 45.__________‎ ‎46._________ 47._________ 48._________ 49._________ 50.__________‎ III. 阅读 ‎51~55：___ ___ ___ ___ ___ 56~60: ___ ___ ___ ___ ___‎ ‎61~65：___ ___ ___ ___ ___ 66~70: ___ ___ ___ ___ ___‎ ‎（单词拼写和补全句子请在试题卷原题上作答）‎ VI.书面表达：‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ UNIT4 Earthquakes 单元测试答案 I. 完型填空解析：（20* 1.5’= 30’）‎ ‎21. 解析：通过全文了解，垃圾书籍泛滥引起家长、老师及全社会的关注。　答案：A ‎22. 解析：指在街头摆摊叫卖的印刷品。答案：B ‎23. 　解析：depend on“依赖，依靠”，work out“演算出来”，look like“看起来像”，act as“充当、担任”。 　答案：C ‎24. 解析：them指代上文提到的newspapers。　答案：B ‎25. 解析：指叫卖的印刷品中虚构的故事太离谱了，让人难以置信，而并非人们读不懂。‎ 答案：C ‎26. 解析：still worse更糟糕的是。答案：B ‎27. 解析：文章一开始称这些印刷品为another kind of pollution，因而选择poisonous，其他三项均为褒义的词。答案：A ‎28. 解析：“cost sb. sth.”意为“使某人花费，使某人失去”。Careless driving cost him his life.粗心驾驶使他丢了性命。spend的主语应该是人。答案：C ‎29. 解析：考查固定搭配，in return意为“作为报答”。in use意为“在使用”，in sight意为“在视线之内”，in common“共同的”。　答案：D ‎30. 解析：指孩子们迷上这类书籍后，作业不做了，游戏不玩了。　答案：A ‎31. 解析：本句是whoever引导的状语从句，表示“无论是前面所提及的哪一类人”。 ‎ 答案：C ‎32. 解析：make money意为“赚钱”，指上文提及的这些人在赚黑心钱。　答案：B ‎33. 解析：根据下文“the more you want to forbid it, the more you want to have a look at it.”forbid意为“禁止”。 　答案：B ‎34. 解析：上文指提出建议，但建议行不通，下面具体解释行不通的理由。badly与句子结构不符。　答案：C ‎35. 解析：sometimes“有时候”，hardly“几乎不”。答案：D ‎36. 解析：several children分享/传阅，one patched paper。答案：B ‎37 解析：do harm to为固定搭配，意思是“对……有害”。　答案：A ‎38. 解析：与文章首段第二句话对应。父母老师对这种现象感到忧虑。B项puzzled意为“迷惑不解的”。 答案：A ‎39. 解析：文章第一段中“young people”即为“young readers”。答案：D ‎40 解析：get off 意为“下车、下来”；come into意为“进入……”；break down意为“抛锚；分解”；get rid of 意为“摆脱、去掉”。答案：D II. 语法填空 (10*1’=10’)‎ ‎41. be 42. which 43. and 44. especially 45. knowledgeable ‎ ‎46. reading 47. kinds 48. bad 49. harmful 50. ones III . 阅读 (20*2’=40’)‎ 阅读理解 ‎ 51-55 DAACD 56-60DBCBC 61-65 BADDC 信息匹配 ‎66. B 代理商prey on无准备的，给销售人员全程控制。购车前的准备工作与经销商喜欢控制那些无准备的吻合。‎ ‎67. A 发票价目不一定是经销商要付的，往往有幕后的利润空间。主要讲价格问题，与发票价，与经销商红利有关。‎ ‎68. C 销售人员喜欢用各种策略来忽悠购买者，如月付，折扣等，使在不同地方的开支显得不同。谈价要表现对同产品的其它店家很熟悉，买哪家的主动权在你。‎ ‎69. F 销售人员可能跟你签比在别处买更高的价格。这种情况下，先对比多家银行利率。‎ ‎70. D 经销商经常试图卖给你额外的项目如防锈处理等。 extras是本题的核心词。‎ IV. 单词拼写 (10*0.5’=5’)‎ 1. shocked 2. shaking 3. burst 4. ruined 5. rescued 6. destroyed 7. injured ‎ ‎8. judge 9. shelters 10. risen ‎ V. 补全句子 ( 5*2’=10’ )‎ ‎1. rise 2. too quickly for me 3. seemed; nobody knew anything ‎ ‎4. set a trap 5. injure your health VI．书面表达：(25’)‎ 参考答案：‎ ‎　　At 1：47 a. m. on September 21st 1999, a terrible earthquake of magnitude 7.6 shook Taiwan. By 22：00 p.m. the number of people who were killed in the earthquake had reached 1670. As many as 3924 people were injured. Over 2000 people were trapped in the fallen buildings and hundreds of people were still missing. A great number of people had lost their homes. The earthquake had the electricity cut off, the traffic stopped and a great many buildings and bridges were destroyed. It is the strongest earthquake that has ever hit Taiwan in a century.‎