2018-2019学年浙江省宁波市北仑中学高二上学期期初返校考试英语试题-解析版 20页

绝密★启用前 浙江省宁波市北仑中学2018-2019学年高二上学期期初返校考试英语试题 评卷人 得分 一、阅读理解 The Cost of Higher Education Individuals (个人) should pay for their higher education.‎ In general, a university education is of huge and direct benefit to the individual. Whether they are majoring in geography, geometry or any other subject, graduates earn more than non-graduates. Meanwhile, social mobility is ever more dependent on having a degree. However, only some people have it. So the individual, not the taxpayers should pay for it. There are pressing calls on the resources (资源) of the government. Using taxpayers' money to help small number of people to earn high incomes in the future is not one of them.‎ Full government funding (资助) is not very good for universities. Adam Smith worked in a Scottish university whose teachers lived off student fees. He knew and looked down upon 18th-century Oxford, the grand university having much glory, where the academics lived comfortably off the income received from the government. Guaranteed salaries, Smith argued, were the enemy of hard work and when the academics were lazy and incompetent, the students grew similarly lazy in a gradual way.‎ If students have to pay for their education, I guess they not only work harder, but also demand more from their teachers and have a better grasp of the subjects. And their teachers have to keep them satisfied. If that means taking teaching seriously, and giving less time to their own research interests, that is surely something to celebrate.‎ Many people believe that higher education should be free because it is good for the economy (经济). Many graduates clearly do contribute to national wealth, but so do all the businesses that invest (投资) and create jobs. If you believe that the government should be generous enough to pay for higher education because graduates are economically productive, you should also believe that the government should pay part of business costs. Anyone promising to create jobs should receive a gift of capital（资金） from the government to invest.‎ Therefore, it is the individual, not the government who should pay for their university education.‎ ‎1．The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refers to .‎ A． taxpayers B． pressing calls C． college graduates D． government resources ‎2．The author thinks that with full government funding ___________.‎ A． teachers are less satisfied B． students are more demanding C． students will become more competent D． teachers will spend less time on teaching ‎3．The author mentions businesses in Paragraph 5 in order to_____________.‎ A． argue against free university education B． call on them to finance students' studies C． encourage graduates to go into business D． show their contribution to higher education ‎【答案】‎ ‎1．B ‎2．D ‎3．A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述的是高等教育的成本。个人应该为他们的高等教育买单。‎ ‎1．推断代词所指。根据第二段中There are pressing calls on the resources (资源) of the government. Using taxpayers' money to help a small number of people to earn high incomes in the future is not one of them. 对政府的资源有迫切的要求。用纳税人的钱来帮助一小部分人在未来获得高收入不是其中之一。前句有一个复数名词pressing calls。由此推知答案为B。‎ ‎2．细节题。根据题干关键词"full government funding"定位原文，根据"文题顺序一致"原则从上一题them后面去找，会找到Full government funding (资助) is not very good for universities…. and when the academics were lazy and incompetent, the students were similarly lazy. "lazy"转换成"spendless time"不难得出正确选项。故选D。‎ ‎3．结构推断题。题目问business有什么目的，就等于问议论文中的论据有什么用，地球人都知道：支持论点。马上从本段段首找论点：Many people believe that higher education ‎ should be free…从全文的哪都可以看出作者就是要反对free higher education.故选A。‎ Sitting is an art that isn't getting passed along. People these days feel as though they have to be doing something. If they are not working, they are jogging, or playing tennis or golf to guard against illnesses, or taking courses to improve their minds or bodies -- or they are parked in front of the TV. Sitting in front of the TV isn't sitting -- it's watching.‎ People used to sit a whole lot. You would walk down the street or drive down the road, and there they would be, out on the doorsteps, sitting. You could go to the grocery to buy some garlic or some fruits and vegetables and sit on the bench out front m the summer or around the fire in the winter. You could go down to the store to buy an outer garment, an electric grill or anything else. There were sitting benches out in the town square. At the garage, there were straight-backed chairs. There among the oilcans and tires and spare parts, you could kick back and sit.‎ Houses used to have sitting rooms, where the grown-ups would go after Sunday dinner. Mom and Dad, Grandpa and Aunt Ruby would gather round, sit and digest (消化) the fried chicken and talk about Aunt Ethel’s illness, and how well the minister did today. They may just talk a load of garbage and even gesture with their hands when they become excited. Outside, the younger generation, the children would play on the ground, and the afternoon would pass by in a comfortable haze（ 悠闲的氛围).‎ That sort of thing looks like doing nothing. A recharging battery (正充电的电池) doesn't look as if it's doing anything either. Sitting restores your soul. If you want to enjoy a truly full life, don't just do something--sit there.‎ ‎4．What message does the author try to get through to us?‎ A． People should make better use of their sitting room.‎ B． People should spend less time watching TV.‎ C． People should pass down their good habits.‎ D． People should take things easy for their own good.‎ ‎5．We can learn from the second paragraph that__________.‎ A． people lived a more restful life in the past B． towns were built to make living convenient C． small town garages had a lot to offer D． people enjoyed going out for a drive ‎6．The sitting room mentioned in the text used to be a place for___________.‎ A． eating food B． watching TV C． gathering together D． playing with children ‎7．From the text we know the writer believes____________.‎ A． sitting has a good spiritual effect B． sitting helps people remember the past C． a sitting room may have different purposes D． a sitting room is important for the old ‎【答案】‎ ‎4．D ‎5．A ‎6．C ‎7．A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇议论文。人们应该为自己的利益而努力。作者认为坐着有很好的精神效果。‎ ‎4．推理判断题。根据第一段中People these days feel as though they have to be doing something. If they are not working, they are jogging, or playing tennis or golf to guard against illnesses, or taking courses to improve their minds or bodies可知，作者想要传达给我们的信息是“人们应该为自己的利益而努力。”故选D。‎ ‎5．A推理判断题。根据第二段People used to sit a whole lot. You would walk down the street or drive down the road, and there they would be, out on the doorsteps, sitting.---。可知，我们可以从第二段中了解到人们在过去过着更平静的生活。故选A。‎ ‎6．推理判断题。根据第三段中Houses used to have sitting rooms, where the grown-ups would go after Sunday dinner. Mom and Dad, Grandpa and Aunt Ruby would gather round, sit and digest (消化) the fried chicken and talk about Aunt Ethel’s illness, and how well the minister did today.可知，在文中提到的客厅曾经是一个聚集在一起的地方。故选C。‎ ‎7．推理判断题。根据最后一段That sort of thing looks like doing nothing. A recharging battery (正充电的电池) doesn't look as if it's doing anything either. Sitting restores your soul. If you want to enjoy a truly full life, don't just do something--sit there.可知，作者认为坐着有很好的精神效果。故选A。‎ We have to admit that many cities around the world today are heavily polluted. Careless ‎ methods of production and lack of consumer demand for environment friendly products have actually contributed to the pollution problem. One result is that millions of tons of glass, paper, plastic, and metal containers are produced and these are difficult to get rid of.‎ However, today, more and more consumers are choosing “green” and demanding that the products they buy should be safe for the environment. Before they take action to buy a product, they ask questions like these “Will this shampoo add damage to the environment?” “Can this metal container be reused or can it only be used once?”‎ A recent study showed that two out of five adults now take the environmental safety of a product into account before they buy it. This means that companies must now adjust the way they make and sell their products to make sure that they are “green” that is, friendly to the environment Only a few years ago, it was impossible to find green products in supermarkets, but now there are hundreds of them advocating green. In addition, some supermarket products carry labels (标签) to show that the product is green. Some companies have adopted the manufacturing (生产) of clean and safe products as their main selling point and emphasize it in their advertising.‎ The concern for a safer and cleaner environment is making companies rethink how they do business. No longer will the public accept the old attitude of “Buy it, use it, throw it away, and forget it.” The public pressure is on, and gradually business is cleaning up its act.‎ ‎8．It becomes clear from the text that the driving force (动力) behind green products is A． public caring for the environment B． companies' desire for bigger sales C． new ways of doing business D． rapid growth of supermarkets ‎9．What would be the best title for the text?‎ A． Business and People B． Business Goes Green C． Shopping Habits Are Changing D． Supermarkets and Green products ‎10．The underlined word "it” in the fourth paragraph refers to A． a selling point B． the company name C． a great demand for health foods D． the manufacturing of green products ‎【答案】‎ ‎8．A ‎9．B ‎10．D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇议论文。对一个更安全、更清洁的环境的担忧正在促使企业重新思考他们的经营方式。公众不再接受“买它，用它，扔掉它，忘记它”的旧态度。“公众的压力正在加大，企业逐渐开始清理自己的行为。绿色产品背后的驱动力是公众对环境的关心。‎ ‎8．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句However, today, more and more consumers are choosing “green” and demanding that the products they buy should be safe for the environment.可知，从文本中可以清楚地看出绿色产品背后的驱动力是公众对环境的关心。故选A。‎ ‎9．主旨大意题。根据最后一段The concern for a safer and cleaner environment is making companies rethink how they do business. No longer will the public accept the old attitude of “Buy it, use it, throw it away, and forget it.” The public pressure is on, and gradually business is cleaning up its act. 对一个更安全、更清洁的环境的担忧正在促使企业重新思考他们的经营方式。公众不再接受“买它，用它，扔掉它，忘记它”的旧态度。“公众的压力正在加大，企业逐渐开始清理自己的行为。”由此可知B项为最佳主题。‎ ‎10．词义指代题。根据第四段Some companies have adopted the manufacturing (生产) of clean and safe products as their main selling point and emphasize it in their advertising. 一些公司已经将清洁和安全产品的制造作为他们的主要卖点，并在他们的广告中强调这一点。由此可推知it指代前面的the manufacturing (生产) of clean and safe products。故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】‎ 代词指代题要求同学们根据语境的逻辑关系、判断画线的人称代词或指示代词在文章中指代的对象，包括考查it（指动物，无生命的事物、特定的事件或人），they/them(指代人、物、事件的复数名词)，he/she等人称代词的指代意义，以及指示代词this，that，these，those等在文章中的指代意义，考查同学们对文章中叙述特定的人，物，事件的认知能力。解答这类题时，同学们要认真阅读画线词所在句和前后临近句的内容，分析人称转换和动作变换的详细过程，理清来龙去脉和前后的因果关系，从而准确推断其指代的对象。本题第3小题，根据第四段Some companies have adopted the manufacturing (生产) of clean and safe products as their main selling point and emphasize it in their advertising. 一些公司已经将清洁和安全产品的制造作为他们的主要卖点，并在他们的广告中强调这一点。由此可推知it指代前面的the manufacturing (生产) of clean and safe products。故选D。‎ 评卷人 得分 二、七选五 Right now you are reading English. That means that you are using your brain in a very active way. Reading is a very active process. 11．. When you read a text, you have to do some or all of these:‎ ‎• Imagine a scene in your head ‎• Understand clearly what the writer is trying to say ‎• Agree or disagree with the writer There are also many advantages associated with reading, including:‎ ‎12．‎ You will usually meet with new words when you read. If there are too many new words for you, then the level is too high and you should read something simpler. But if there are, say, a maximum of five new words per page, you will learn this vocabulary easily. You may not even need to use a pocket dictionary because you can guess the meaning from the rest of the text. 13．.‎ A model for writing When you read, it gives you a good example for writing. Texts that you read show you structures and expressions that you can use when you write.‎ Seeing “correctly structured” English When people write, they usually use “correct” English with a proper grammatical structure. 14．. So, by reading you see and learn grammatical English naturally.‎ ‎15．‎ You can read as fast or as slowly as you like. You can read ten pages in 30 minutes, or take one hour to explore just one page. It doesn’t matter. The choice is yours. You can not easily do this when speaking or listening. This is one of the big advantages of reading because different people work at different speeds.‎ A． Working at your own speed B． Learning vocabulary in context (语境)‎ C． This is not always true when people speak D． Focusing on exactly what you want to learn E. you should write down unknown vocabulary in whole sentences F. Not only do you learn new words, but you see them being used naturally G. It is true that the writer does a lot of work, but the reader also has to work hard ‎【答案】‎ ‎11．G ‎12．B ‎13．F ‎14．C ‎15．A ‎【解析】本文作者对于阅读的好处以及方法进行了介绍。‎ ‎11．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据When you read a text, you have to do some or all of these，可知这里意思是确实作者做了许多工作，但是读者也努力的工作了，所以选G。‎ ‎12．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据Y You will usually meet with new words when you read. If there are too many new words for you, then the level is too high and you should read something simpler. But if there are, say, a maximum of five new words per page, you will learn this vocabulary easily. You may not even need to use a pocket dictionary because you can guess the meaning from the rest of the text.可知这里意思是在语境中学习词汇，所以选B。‎ ‎13．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据You may not even need to use a pocket dictionary because you can guess the meaning from the rest of the text.可知这里意思是你不仅可以学习新的词汇，你还可以看到它们被自然地使用，所以选F。‎ ‎14．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据When people write, they usually use “correct” English with a proper grammatical structure. 以及So, by reading you see and learn grammatical English naturally.可知这里意思是当人们说话的时候，语法结构并不总是正确的，所以选C。‎ ‎15．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据You can read as fast or as slowly as you like. You can read ten pages in 30 minutes, or take one hour to explore just one page. It doesn’t matter. The choice is yours. You can not easily do this when speaking or listening. This is one of the big advantages of reading because different people work at different speeds.可知这一段的标题是以你自己的速度工作，所以选A。‎ 评卷人 得分 三、完形填空 When I first entered university, my aunt, who is an English professor, gave me a new English ‎ dictionary. I was ________ to see that it was an English-English dictionary, also known as a monolingual (只用一种语言的) dictionary. ________ it was a dictionary intended for non-native learners, none of my classmates had one ________, to be honest, I found it extremely ________ to use at first. I would look up words in the dictionary and ________ not fully understand the meanings. I was used to the ________ bilingual dictionaries, in which the words are ________ both in English and Chinese. I really wondered why my aunt gave me such ________ to make things so difficult for me. Now, after studying English at university for three years, I _______ that monolingual dictionaries are ________ in learning a foreign language.‎ As I found out, there is, ________, often no perfect equivalence (对应) between two ________ in two languages. My aunt even goes so far as to ________ that a Chinese “equivalent” can never give you the ________ meaning of a word in English! ________, she insisted that I read the definition (释义) of a word in a monolingual dictionary when I wanted to get a better ________ of its meaning. ________, I have come to see what she meant.‎ Using a monolingual dictionary for learners has helped me in another important way. This dictionary uses a(n) ________ number of words, around 2,000, in its definitions. When I read these definitions, I am ________ exposed to the basic words and learn how they are used to explain objects and ideas. ________ this, I can express myself more easily in English. ‎ ‎16．A． worried B． sad C． surprised D． nervous ‎17．A． Because B． Although C． Unless D． If ‎18．A． but B． so C． or D． and ‎19．A． difficult B． interesting C． important D． practical ‎20．A． thus B． even C． still D． again ‎21．A． new B． familiar C． earlier D． ordinary ‎22．A． explained B． expressed C． described D． created ‎23．A． appreciation B． courage C． advice D． promise ‎24．A． imagine B． recommend C． predict D． grasp ‎25．A． natural B． better C． easier D． convenient ‎26．A． at best B． in fact C． at times D． in case ‎27．A． words B． names C． ideas D． characters ‎28．A． hope B． declare C． doubt D． tell ‎29．A． exact B． basic C． translated D． expected ‎30．A． Rather B． However C． Therefore D． Instead ‎31．A． understanding B． practice C． expression D． consideration ‎32．A． Largely B． Generally C． Gradually D． Probably ‎33．A． extra B． average C． total D． limited ‎34．A． repeatedly B． nearly C． immediately D． anxiously ‎35．A． According to B． In relation to C． In addition to D． Because of ‎【答案】‎ ‎16．C ‎17．B ‎18．D ‎19．A ‎20．C ‎21．B ‎22．A ‎23．C ‎24．D ‎25．B ‎26．B ‎27．A ‎28．B ‎29．A ‎30．C ‎31．A ‎32．C ‎33．D ‎34．A ‎35．D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 文章讲述了自己刚刚进入大学，姨妈没有给自己一个双语词典，而是给了一个英英词典，刚开始我不理解。后来明白了姨妈的意图，从而更好的学习了英语。‎ ‎16．考查形容词。A. worried 担忧的；B. sad伤心的；C. surprised感到吃惊的； D. nervous 紧张不安的。根据I was ____1____ to see that it was an English-English dictionary, also known as a monolingual (只用一种语言的) dictionary.可知，我惊讶地发现，它是一本英英词典，也被称为单语词典。故选C。‎ ‎17．考查连词。A. Because因为；B. Although 尽管；C. Unless除非；D. If如果。根据____2____ it was a dictionary intended for non-native learners, none of my classmates had one ____3____, to be honest, I found it extremely ____4____ to use at first.可知，虽然它是一本针对非英语学习者的字典，但我的同学都没有一个，老实说，我发现它一开始很难使用。故选B。‎ ‎18．考查并列连词。A. but但是；B. so所以；C. or否则；D. and和。根据____2____ it was a dictionary intended for non-native learners, none of my classmates had one ____3____, to be honest, I found it extremely ____4____ to use at first.可知，虽然它是一本针对非英语学习者的字典，但我的同学都没有一个，老实说，我发现它一开始很难使用。故选D。‎ ‎19．考查形容词。A. difficult困难的；B. interesting有趣的；C. important重要的；D. practical实用的。根据____2____ it was a dictionary intended for non-native learners, none of my classmates had one ____3____, to be honest, I found it extremely ____4____ to use at first.可知，虽然它是一本针对非英语学习者的字典，但我的同学都没有一个，老实说，我发现它一开始很难使用。故选A。‎ ‎20．考查副词。A. thus 因此；B. even甚至；C. still仍然；D. again又。根据I would look up words in the dictionary and ____5____ not fully understand the meanings.可知，我会在字典里查单词，但仍然没有完全理解它的意思。故选C。‎ ‎21．考查形容词。A. new 新的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. earlier更早的；D. ordinary普通的。根据I was used to the ____6____ bilingual dictionaries, in which the words are ____7____ both in English and Chinese.可知，我已经习惯了熟悉的双语词典，用英语和汉语来解释这些单词。故选B。‎ ‎22．考查动词。A. explained解释；B. expressed 表达；C. described描述；D. created创造。根据I was used to the ____6____ bilingual dictionaries, in which the words are ____7____ both in English and Chinese.可知，我已经习惯了熟悉的双语词典，用英语和汉语来解释这些单词。故选A。‎ ‎23．考查名词。A. appreciation欣赏；B. courage勇气； C. advice建议；D. promise许诺。根据I really wondered why my aunt gave me such ____8____ to make things so difficult for me.可知，我真的很奇怪，为什么我姑姑给了我这样的建议，让我的生活变得如此困难。故选C。‎ ‎24．考查动词。A. imagine想象；B. recommend推荐；C. predict 预测；D. grasp抓住。根据after studying English at university for three years, I ___9___ that monolingual dictionaries are ____10____ in learning a foreign language.可知，在大学学了三年英语之后，我发现单语词典在学习一门外语方面更有优势。故选D。‎ ‎25．考查形容词。A. natural 自然的；B. better更好的；C. easier 更容易的； D. convenient方便的。根据after studying English at university for three years, I ___9___ that monolingual dictionaries are ____10____ in learning a foreign language.可知，在大学学了三年英语之后，我发现单语词典在学习一门外语方面更有优势。故选B。‎ ‎26．考查词组。A. at best最多；B. in fact事实上；C. at times有时候；D. in case万一。根据As I found out, there is, ____11____, often no perfect equivalence (对应) between two ____12____ in two languages.可知，正如我所发现的，事实上，在两种语言中，两个词之间通常没有完美的对等。故选B。‎ ‎27．考查名词。A. words 单词；B. names名字；C. ideas主意；D. characters特性。根据As I found out, there is, ____11____, often no perfect equivalence (对应) between two ____12____ in two languages.可知，正如我所发现的，事实上，在两种语言中，两个词之间通常没有完美的对等。故选A。‎ ‎28．考查动词。A. hope希望；B. declare宣布；C. doubt怀疑；D. tell告诉。根据My aunt even goes so far as to ____13____ that a Chinese “equivalent” can never give you the ____14____ meaning of a word in English!可知，我的姑姑甚至还宣称，一个中国的“对等物”永远不能给你一个英文单词的确切含义！故选B。‎ ‎29．考查形容词。A. exact准确的；B. basic 基本的；C. translated翻译；D. expected预期的。根据My aunt even goes so far as to ____13____ that a Chinese “equivalent” can never give you the ____14____ meaning of a word in English!可知，我的姑姑甚至还宣称，一个中国的“对等物”永远不能给你一个英文单词的确切含义！故选A。‎ ‎30．考查副词。A. Rather宁可；B. However然而；C. Therefore因此；D. Instead代替。根据____15____, she insisted that I read the definition (释义) of a word in a monolingual dictionary when I wanted to get a better ____16____ of its meaning.可知，因此，当我想要更好地理解它的意思时，她坚持要我在单语词典中读到一个词的定义。故选C。‎ ‎31．考查名词。A. understanding理解；B. practice实践；C. expression表达； D. consideration考虑。根据____15____, she insisted that I read the definition (释义) of a word in a monolingual dictionary when I wanted to get a better ____16____ of its meaning.‎ 可知，因此，当我想要更好地理解它的意思时，她坚持要我在单语词典中读到一个词的定义。故选A。‎ ‎32．考查副词。A. Largely主要地；B. Generally一般地；C. Gradually逐渐地；D. Probably很可能。根据____17____, I have come to see what she meant.可知，渐渐地，我开始明白她的意思。故选C。‎ ‎33．考查形容词。A. extra额外的；B. average平均的；C. total完全的；D. limited有限的。根据This dictionary uses a(n) ____18____ number of words, around 2,000, in its definitions.可知，这本字典在它的定义中使用了有限数量的单词，大约2000个单词。故选D。‎ ‎34．考查副词。A. repeatedly重复地；B. nearly几乎；C. immediately立刻； D. anxiously焦虑地。根据When I read these definitions, I am ____19____ exposed to the basic words and learn how they are used to explain objects and ideas. ____20____ this, I can express myself more easily in English. 可知，当我阅读这些定义时，我反复地接触到基本的单词，并学习它们是如何被用来解释对象和思想的。正因为如此，我可以用英语更容易地表达自己。故选A。‎ ‎35．考查词组。A. According to按着；B. In relation to关于，涉及；C. In addition to除---之外；D. Because of因为。根据When I read these definitions, I am ____19____ exposed to the basic words and learn how they are used to explain objects and ideas. ____20____ this, I can express myself more easily in English. 可知，当我阅读这些定义时，我反复地接触到基本的单词，并学习它们是如何被用来解释对象和思想的。正因为如此，我可以用英语更容易地表达自己。故选D。‎ 第II卷（非选择题）‎ 请点击修改第II卷的文字说明 评卷人 得分 四、语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Silence is unnatural to man. He does all he can 36．(make) a noise in the world, and he fears silence more than anything else. Even his conversation is an attempt to prevent a fearful silence. If he37．(introduce) to another person, and a number of pauses occur in the conversation, he regards himself as38．failure, and is full of envy of the emptiest-headed chatterbox (喋喋不休的人).He knows that ninety-nine percent of human conversation 39．(mean) no more than the buzzing of a fly, but he is anxious to join in the buzz and to prove that he is a man and not a waxwork figure (蜡塑人像).‎ The aim of conversation is to keep up the buzzing sound. There are, it must be admitted, different qualities of buzz; there is even a buzz that is as40．(annoy) as the continuous noise made by a mosquito (蚊子). But at a dinner party one would rather be a mosquito 41．a quiet person. Most buzzing, fortunately, is pleasant to the ear. and some of it is pleasant even to the mind.‎ Those42． hate to pick up the weather as a43．(conversation) opening seem to me not to know the reason why human beings wish to talk. Very few human beings join in a conversation in the hope of44．(learn) anything new. Some of them are content if they are 45．(mere) allowed to go on making a noise into other people's ears.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎36．to make ‎37．is introduced ‎38．a ‎39．means ‎40．annoying ‎41．than ‎42．who ‎43．conversational ‎44．learning ‎45．merely ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇议论文。沉默对人来说是不自然的。他尽其所能在世界上制造噪音，他比其他任何事情都更害怕沉默。‎ ‎36．考查动词不定式。句意：他尽其所能在世界上制造噪音，他比其他任何事情都更害怕沉默。此处是动词不定式做目的状语，故答案为to make。‎ ‎37．考查被动语态。句意：如果他被介绍给另一个人，并且在谈话中出现了一些停顿，他认为自己是一个失败者，并且充满了对那个头脑清醒的喋喋不休的人的嫉妒。此处是if引导的条件状语从句，主句是一般现在时态，则从句也要用一般现在时态，从句的主语he和introduce之间是被动关系，所以从句中要用一般现在时态的被动语态，故答案为is introduced。‎ ‎38．考查不定冠词的用法。句意：如果他被介绍给另一个人，并且在谈话中出现了一些停顿，他认为自己是一个失败者，并且充满了对那个头脑清醒的喋喋不休的人的嫉妒。不定冠词放在抽象名词前面，表示抽象名词的具体化，a failure一个失败的人/一件失败的事，故答案为a。‎ ‎39．考查时态。句意：他知道百分之九十九的人类对话只意味着苍蝇的嗡嗡声，但他渴望加入到嗡嗡声中，并证明他是一个男人，而不是一个蜡像。结合句意宾语从句用一般现在时态，从句的主语是ninety-nine percent of human conversation单数第三人称形式，故答案为means。‎ ‎40．考查形容词。句意：甚至还有一种嗡嗡声，就像蚊子发出的连续噪音一样令人讨厌。结合句意可知be动词后面用形容词annoying“恼人的”，故答案为annoying。‎ ‎41．考查固定搭配。句意：但在晚宴上，人们宁愿做一只蚊子，也不愿做一个安静的人。固定句式：would rather---than---，宁愿---也不愿---，故答案为than。‎ ‎42．考查定语从句。句意：那些不喜欢把天气当作一种开放的人，在我看来，不知道人类想要说话的原因。此处Those是先行词，指人，在后面的定语从句中做主语，故答案为who.‎ ‎43．考查形容词。句意：那些不喜欢把天气当作一种开放的人，在我看来，不知道人类想要说话的原因。此处opening是名词，形容词修饰名词，故答案为conversational。‎ ‎44．考查动名词。句意：很少有人类加入到对话中来，希望能学到新的东西。介词of后面用动名词做宾语，故答案为learning。‎ ‎45．考查副词。句意：如果他们只是被允许继续在别人的耳朵里制造噪音，他们中的一些人是满意的。此处allow是动词，副词修饰动词，故答案为merely。‎ ‎【点睛】‎ 抽象名词的具体化：有些抽象名词前面用不定冠词a/an，表示一个具体的事情。a success一个成功的人，一件成功的事； a failure一个失败的人，一件失败的事； an honour一个荣幸的人，一个荣幸的事； have a good knowledge of 有某方面的好知识。‎ 评卷人 得分 五、提纲类作文 ‎46．假定你是光明中学学生李明。你在China Daily上读到一则招聘中学生兼职记者的广告，你有意应聘这份工作。请写一封申请信，信的内容包括:‎ ‎1.表述申请意愿 ‎2.自我介绍以及申请理由。‎ 注意1.词数80左右，开头和结尾已为你写好，不计人总词数;‎ ‎2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ Dear Sir/Madam ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________‎ Thank you for reading my letter and I'm looking forward to your reply.‎ Sincerely yours,‎ Li Ming ‎【答案】Dear Sir/ Madam,‎ I'm a student from Guangming Middle School. I've read your advertisement in your newspaper for a part-time reporter and I am writing to apply for it.‎ I think I am fit for your job. First of all, I am outgoing and gifted in communicating with people. Besides, I can speak fluent English thanks to my volunteering experiences in an international organization. Most importantly, I have a nose for news, which might help me to get a scoop if I am offered the job.‎ Thank you for reading my letter and I'm looking forward to your reply.‎ Sincerely yours,‎ Li Ming ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封书信。‎ ‎【详解】‎ 第1步：根据提示可知，本篇是一封书信：假定你是光明中学学生李明。你在China Daily上读到一则招聘中学生兼职记者的广告，你有意应聘这份工作。请写一封申请信，信的内容包括:1.表述申请意愿2.自我介绍以及申请理由。‎ 第2步：根据写作要求确定关键词，如：Guangming Middle School（光明中学）；a part-time reporter（一个业余记者）；volunteering experiences in an international organization（在一个国际组织里的志愿者经历）等。‎ 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态语态问题。‎ 第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。‎ ‎【点睛】‎ 本文是一封书信，内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。同时文中使用高级句子。I think I am fit for your job.宾语从句用在句中；I have a nose for news, which might help me to get a scoop if I am offered the job.句中which引导的非限制性定语从句和if引导的条件状语从句完美结合；另外，First of all, Besides, Most importantly,等的运用为文章增色添彩。‎ 评卷人 得分 六、读后续写 ‎47．阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。‎ ‎ “If mum finds out that I'm going to the beach, I'll be in big trouble.” I said to myself softly in a low voice.‎ I went downstairs slowly and tried to walk casually into the kitchen. As I was walking towards the back door, mum asked without looking up from her “dish-washing”, “Where are you going?” I answered back without hesitation,“ I am going to the garden to play.” After I got out of the kitchen, I breathed a sign of relief. My plan had worked out fine so far. I climbed the fence and jumped onto the muddy field next to my house and started running towards the bus stop at top speed,‎ After half an hour I was at the beach scanning the crowd for my friends, Jimmy and Bobby. Two young men were racing in the canoes (独木舟). After a while, I saw them near a coconut tree. I ran towards them and got into my swimming trunk (游泳裤). For about an hour, we played volleyball happily.‎ Suddenly, Bobby hit the ball too hard and the ball fell into the sea. Just as Bobby was going to pick up the ball, the tide came in and carried the ball further and further away from the shore. I wanted to show off my swimming skills so I declared to help get the ball for them.‎ I dived into the water and started swimming at a steady pace. After swimming for about ten minutes, I became tired but when I saw that the ball was only a few feet away from me, I put in an extra burst of speed. However, just as I was going to get the ball, a very strong current swept the ball further away from me. At that moment, a string of weed （海草）tangled (缠绕) up with my feet and I could not swim properly.‎ I struggled to keep afloat but it was no use. “ If I had listened to my parents, this would never have happened,” I thought silently.‎ Paragraph 1‎ Finally, after struggling for a minute or two, I still got pulled underwater.‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________‎ Paragraph 2‎ When I woke up, I was in an empty room lying on a bed.________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Paragraph 1‎ Finally, after struggling For a minute or two, I still got putted underwater. I told myself I should never give up. Then I pulled the weed again with great efforts. The weed finally broke. I swam back to the surface to take a deep breath. I saw two young men in canoes, racing each other. I was exhausted and shouted for help. The two men saw me and raced towards me. By the time they reached me, I had been already unconscious.‎ Paragraph 2‎ When I woke up, I was in an empty room lying on a bed. It was not until a doctor came into the room that I realized that I was in a hospital. Jimmy and Bobby told me the two young men brought me to the shore and sent me to the hospital. After a few minutes, my parents with half angry and half worried faces walked in. My parents scolded me for running out of the house secretly but were also glad that I was not seriously injured. I will never forget that terrifying ‎ experience. Neither will I ever want to show off again.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 前文提要：我挣扎着保持漂浮，但没有用。“如果我听了我父母的话，这是永远不会发生的，”我默默地想。‎ ‎【详解】‎ ‎（1）第一段所给首句：Finally, after struggling for a minute or two, I still got pulled underwater.这是一句转折句，接下来应该是作者不放弃，勇敢地游出水面，求救，无论从何角度拓展，需注意与续写第二段首句呼应。‎ ‎（2）第二段首句：When I woke up, I was in an empty room lying on a bed.这一句应该是转折句，既然作者醒来，说明他已经被救，接下来应该是作者躺在医院里，一定是通知了他的家人，父母来后一定会生气的，父母会责备他偷偷地跑出了房子，但也很高兴他没有受到严重的伤害。作者永远不会忘记那可怕的经历。他也不想再炫耀了。‎