专题16+追本溯源　阅读理解之推理判断与主旨大意（热点难点突破）-2019年高考英语考纲解读与热点难点突破 49页

一、“Can I see my baby？” asked the happy new mother.The bundle(婴儿包) was placed in her arms and when she moved the fold of cloth to look upon his tiny face，she gasped—the baby had been born without ears.Time，however，proved that the baby’s hearing was perfect except his appearance.‎ One day when he rushed home from school and threw himself into his mother’s arms，he cried out bitterly，“A boy，a big boy...called me—a freak.” She sighed，knowing that his life was to be endless of heartbreaks.‎ He grew up，handsome for his misfortune.A favorite with his fellow students，he might have been class president，but for that.He developed a gift for literature and music.‎ The boy’s father had a talk with the family doctor.“Could nothing be done？” “I believe we could graft(移植) on a pair of outer ears，if they could be donated，” the doctor decided.So the search began for a person who would make such a sacrifice for a young man.Two years went by.Then，“You’re going to the hospital，son.Mother and I have someone who will donate the ears you need.But it’s a secret.” said the father.‎ The operation was a brilliant success.His talents blossomed into genius.School and college became a series of successes.Later，he married and entered the diplomatic(外交) service.“But I must know！” he urged his father.“Who gave so much for me? I could never do enough for him.” “I do not believe you could，” said the father，“but the agreement was that you are not to know...not yet.” ‎ The years kept the secret，but the day did come—one of the darkest days that ever passed through a son.He stood with his father over his mother’s casket(棺材).Slowly and tenderly，the father stretched forth a hand and raised the thick，reddish-brown hair to let out the secret.‎ ‎1.The story is mainly about .‎ A.how a boy had new ears through an operation B.what a devoted parent privately did for the child C.how a disabled boy turned into a useful person ‎ D.why a donator made a sacrifice to a bright boy 答案　B 解析　主旨大意题。本文主要讲了一位伟大无私的母亲把自己的耳朵捐给自己的孩子的故事。故选B。‎ ‎2.From the first paragraph we know that the mother .‎ A.was determined to donate her ears to perfect her son B.kept her husband unknown about the baby’s situation C.felt shocked and disappointed to see her new baby D.complained of her bad luck to have a disabled child 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“when she moved the fold of cloth to look upon his tiny face，she gasped—the baby had been born without ears”可知，母亲看到她的新生儿没有耳朵感到震惊和失望。‎ ‎3.The underlined word “freak” in Paragraph 2 is the closest in meaning to “ ”.‎ A.slow-acting person B.ugly-looking child C.badly-behaved student D.strangely-shaped creature 答案　D ‎4.What can be inferred from the passage?‎ A.The agreement was between the donator and the family.‎ B.The boy was so popular that he was made class president.‎ C.Finally the boy came to know who the donator was.‎ D.The mother donated her ears to her son after she died.‎ 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，那个男孩在母亲去世，父亲撩开母亲的头发时最终知道了是母亲把耳朵给了他。故选C。 ‎ ‎5.What moral lesson can we draw from this reading?‎ A.Real love lies in what is done unknown rather than what is done known.‎ B.It is up to parents to help their children heart and soul.‎ C.True beauty lies only in the heart not in appearance.‎ D.It is a virtue for young generations to learn to be grateful.‎ 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。本文通过讲述一位伟大的母亲为儿子捐献耳朵并对儿子保守秘密，让我们感受到了母爱的伟大，有时真爱隐藏在深处而不是流露于外表。‎ 二、Ask most people anywhere in the world what they want out of life and the reply will probably be：“to be happy”.Ed Deiner，an American psychology professor，has spent his whole professional life studying what makes people happy，comparing levels of happiness between cultures and trying to find out exactly why we enjoy ourselves.‎ Many people would say that this question does not need an answer.But Professor Deiner has one anyway.“If you’re a cheerful，happy person，your marriage is more likely to last，and you’re more likely to make money and be successful at your job.On average，happy people have stronger immune systems，and there is some evidence that they live longer.”‎ So who are the world’s happiest people？It depends on how the word is defined.There is individual happiness，the sense of joy we get when we do something we like.But there is also the feeling of satisfaction we get when we know that others respect us and approve of how we behave.According to Professor Deiner，the Western world pursues individual happiness while Asia prefers mutual satisfaction.‎ ‎“In the West，the individualistic culture means that your mood matters much more than it does in the East.People ask themselves if they are doing what is fun or interesting.They become unhappy when they can’t do any of these things.If you ask people from Japan or China if they are happy，they tend to look at what has gone wrong in their lives.If not much has gone wrong，then they are satisfied.”‎ People from Spain and other Spanish-speaking countries had the happiest culture，Professor Deiner found.“The biggest cultural difference is to do with pride and shame.Hispanic(西班牙语的) cultures report much more pride and much less shame than others.”‎ Income also made a big difference to people’s happiness，but only at the lowest levels.Average income earners in the US were much happier than people in poverty.But millionaires were only a little bit happier than people on average incomes.It seems that money makes us happy when we have enough to feel secure.‎ ‎6.According to the passage，happy people enjoy the following benefits EXCEPT .‎ A.a long marriage B.respect from others C.profession success D.better health 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。由第二段第三、四句“If you’re a cheerful，happy person，your marriage is more likely to last，and you’re more likely to make money and be successful at your job.On average，happy people have stronger immune systems，and there is some evidence that they live longer.”‎ 可知，快乐的人婚姻更长久，工作更成功，寿命也更长。即长久的婚姻、健康、事业成功都属于快乐带来的好处。文中并未提到快乐可以给人带来尊重。‎ ‎7.In Professor Deiner’s opinion， .‎ A.Asians have a culture to enjoy individual happiness B.Westerners care more about mutual satisfaction than Asians C.Asians focus more on others’ respect and approval than Westerners D.Westerners value individual happiness as much as mutual satisfaction 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。由第三段最后一句“According to Professor Deiner，the Western world pursues individual happiness while Asia prefers mutual satisfaction.”可知，Deiner认为西方人更追求个人的快乐，而亚洲人却追求双向满意。由此可推知，亚洲人比西方人更在意别人的尊重和认同。‎ ‎8.What can be inferred from the fifth paragraph?‎ A.Attitude towards pride and shame results in Spanish happiness.‎ B.Spanish people take too much pride in themselves.‎ C.Hispanic cultures lay stress on pride and shame.‎ D.If you are from Spain，you are the happiest.‎ 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。第五段大意为“来自西班牙和以西班牙语为母语国家的人拥有最快乐的文化，Deiner发现最大的文化差别在于对骄傲和耻辱的态度，西班牙文化比其他文化更强调骄傲而非耻辱”。由此可推知，对骄傲和耻辱的态度造就了西班牙语文化的快乐属性，所以A项正确。‎ ‎9.In the last paragraph，the author seems to tell us .‎ A.poor people enjoy the same happiness as millionaires B.the higher income one gets，the happier life he lives C.average income earners live the happiest life D.enough money can make us feel safe and happy 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。最后一段大意为“收入也会导致快乐程度的不同，美国中产阶层比贫穷阶层过得更快乐，但百万富翁只比中产阶层快乐一点点，钱会使人快乐是因为当我们拥有足够的钱时我们会有安全感。”由此可知，作者在最后一段表达了“足够多的钱会让人们感到快乐和安全”这样一种看法，所以D项正确；但此段并无“钱越多人就越快乐”之意，B项将“足够多的钱能让人快乐”和“钱越多人越快乐”‎ 混为一谈，所以B项错误。‎ ‎10.The passage is mainly about .‎ A.cultural differences in happiness B.the happiest culture C.reasons for happiness D.benefits of happiness 答案　C 三、Many public figures from IT，show business，and sports have joined the Ice Bucket Challenge to raise money for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)(肌萎缩性侧索硬化) research.A number of international famous people have already taken the challenge，including Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates，Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg，Amazon.com founder and CEO Jeff Bezos，and Apple Inc.CEO Tim Cook.Troubled musician Justin Bieber even challenged US President Barack Obama.‎ The ALS Ice Bucket Challenge requires that participants pour a bucket of ice water on themselves and then post a video of it on social media while nominating one or more people to do the same within 24 hours.People who fail to take the challenge will have to donate 100 to The ALS Association，which advocates finding treatment and a cure for ALS.And many of those who’ve taken the challenge donated as well.‎ ALS is a rare disease that gradually reduces patients’ muscle strength，finally making them become unable to speak，move，swallow and breathe.In North America，ALS is commonly known as Lou Gehrig’s disease，after the star baseball player who died of the disease in 1941 at the age of 38.The best-known ALS patient today is British scientist Stephen Hawking.While most people with ALS survive only two to five years after diagnosis(诊断)，Hawking has had the disease for decades.The medical treatment for ALS is very expensive and cannot be covered by most social welfare programs.This creates difficulties for many ALS patients and their families，both physically and mentally.‎ ‎“Due to the ice bucket campaign，many people are beginning to know about ALS.With more people aware and more people taking part in the fight against ALS，we can calmly work with not only other ALS organizations，but also with medical companies to speed up new treatments for people affected by the disease，” said Barbara ‎ Newhouse，President and CEO of The ALS Association.‎ ‎31.Why does the author mention many famous people in Paragraph 1?‎ A.To stress the popularity of the Ice Bucket Challenge.‎ B.To advise us to learn from them.‎ C.To prove they are generous.‎ D.To introduce the target group of the Ice Bucket Challenge.‎ 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。文章第一段主要介绍很多名人都参与了冰桶挑战，故可推知作者意在通过列举名人吸引读者注意，突出强调冰桶挑战的流行，进而引出下文对冰桶挑战及背景的介绍，故A项正确。‎ ‎32.Paragraph 2 is mainly about the Ice Bucket challenge’s .‎ A.influence B.purpose C.rules D.development 答案　C 解析　段落大意题。第二段主要讲的是冰桶挑战要求参与者要将一桶冰水倒在自己身上，并在社交媒体上发布一个视频，提名一个或更多的人在24小时内做同样的事情，那些没有完成挑战的人要捐100美元给ALS机构。因此，第二段主要讲的是冰桶挑战的规则，rules符合文意。influence意为“影响”；purpose意为“目的”；development意为“发展”，均不符合文意。‎ ‎33.The person who is nominated for the challenge is required to .‎ A.donate 100 to The ALS Association B.watch others videos on social media C.help find effective treatments for ALS D.pour ice water on himself within time 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The ALS Ice Bucket Challenge requires that participants pour a bucket of ice water on themselves and then post a video of it on social media while nominating one or more people to do the same within 24 hours.”可知，被提名参加冰桶挑战的人要在规定时间内把冰水倒在自己身上。‎ ‎34.What do we know about ALS from the text?‎ A.ALS is fairly common now.‎ B.Lou Gehrig was first cured of ALS.‎ C.It is rare for people with ALS to survive decades.‎ D.Social welfare programs provide medical treatments for ALS.‎ 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段第四句“While most people with ALS survive only two to five years after diagnosis(诊断)...”可知，大多数患有ALS的人在确诊后一般只活了2到5年。故可推知，很少患有ALS的人能够活数十年，故C项正确。‎ ‎35.According to Barbara Newhouse，the Ice Bucket Challenge .‎ A.makes more people well aware of ALS B.teaches people how to fight against ALS C.makes medical companies help ALS patients D.attracts many people to join ALS organizations 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句Due to the ice bucket campaign，many people are beginning to know about ALS.可知，冰桶挑战使很多人了解了AL 四、One hundred grandmothers were asked how good manners had changed since they were children，what they expected of their own children when they were growing up and how their grandchildren behave today.‎ Although the grannies were united in the belief that good manners cost nothing，they unwillingly came to the conclusion that all the old little courtesies(礼节) are gradually being erased.Some children are not taught simple good manners by their parents，in the belief that they should be free to express themselves.‎ Manners at mealtimes revealed the greatest inter-generational difference.While 92 percent of grandparents and 87 percent of their children sat down at the table with all the family to eat at least once a day，nowadays this applies to just 54 percent of children.‎ Traditional family mealtimes have been on a slippery slope for many years and this survey reveals an apparent corresponding decline in table manners.One grandmother said：“My grandchildren have bad table manners as they haven’t been taught by their parents.” Only 49 percent of children today have to ask to get down from the table compared with 89 percent of their grandparents and 80 percent of their parents.Keeping your elbows off the table is almost totally unnecessary，with just 19 percent of grandchildren still expected to stick to the old rule.However，some parents are still keeping family mealtimes alive，with even the smallest children joining them at the table in their highchairs whether it is their mealtime or not.‎ Although some little courtesies may no longer be encouraged today，good old fashioned “please” and “thank you” seem to have weathered the storm.Nevertheless，there has been a big downturn in writing thank-you letters，‎ from 86 percent of grandparents to just 35 percent of grandchildren putting pen to paper today.‎ A final word from one wise grandmother：“If there weren’t rules there would be nothing for kids to break，no risk to take，no scars to show for mistakes.Rules let you fly.”‎ ‎1.Which of the following would some modern parents most probably agree with?‎ A.Good manners are very important.‎ B.Kids should show who they truly are.‎ C.It is easy for kids to learn good manners.‎ D.Kids should learn from their grandparents.‎ 答案　B ‎2.According to the survey,81 percent of kids .‎ A.put their elbows on the table ‎ B.usually eat in their highchairs C.have meals with all the family D.ask permission to leave the table 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段第四句“Keeping your elbows off the table is almost totally unnecessary，with just 19 percent of grandchildren still expected to stick to the old rule.”可知，根据调查，只有19%的孩子仍希望遵守旧规则，而剩下81%的孩子把胳膊肘放在桌子上。‎ ‎3.What might many kids be encouraged to do?‎ A.Apologize sincerely face to face.‎ B.Show appreciation by writing letters.‎ C.Talk about the weather with strangers.‎ D.Express thankfulness in spoken words.‎ 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“Nevertheless，there has been a big downturn in writing thank-you letters，from 86 percent of grandparents to just 35 percent of grandchildren putting pen to paper today.”‎ 可知，被要求写感谢信的比例有所下降。故可以推测出，孩子被鼓励口头表达谢意。 ‎ ‎4.What is the author’s attitude towards sticking to traditional courtesies?‎ A.He is uncertain about it.‎ B.He is mildly critical.‎ C.He approves of it.‎ D.He is strongly against it.‎ 答案　C 解析　观点态度题。阅读全文，根据文章最后一段“A final word from one wise grandmother：‘If there weren’t rules there would be nothing for kids to break，no risk to take，no scars to show for mistakes.Rules let you fly.’”可以看出，作者对于坚持传统的礼节是支持的。‎ ‎5.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?‎ A.How to Express Yourself?‎ B.Change the Unnecessary Rules C.Are Good Manners a Thing of the Past?‎ D.Grandmothers Caring for Grandkids 答案　C 解析　标题归纳题。阅读全文，根据文章内容可知，有一百位祖母被问到，从她们小时候至今，礼貌有多大改变，她们对自己的孩子成长中的期望以及她们的子孙们今天的行为如何。本文以此展开，主要讲述了礼节不只是过去的事情。‎ 五、Charity Cycling UK recently launched a campaign to raise awareness of dooring after discovering that many people don’t know what it is.Dooring is when a driver or passenger opens the door into another road user—typically a cyclist—without looking for other road users.‎ Cycling UK Chief Executive Paul Tuohy told Gloucestershire Live：“Some people seem to see car dooring as a bit of a joke，but it’s not and can have serious consequences.Cycling UK wants to see great awareness made about the dangers of opening your car door negligently，and people to be encouraged to look before they open.”‎ The charity says 2,009 of the 3,000 injuries were sustained by cyclists，resulting in five fatalities but says this might not be the full extent of the danger.‎ Cycling UK says not all car dooring incidents will be attended by police，so the charity has written to transport minister Jesse Norman calling for a public awareness campaign urging all car occupants，not just drivers，to look before opening vehicle doors.One of the ways the charity suggests is the “Dutch reach”，where people leaving a ‎ vehicle reach over and use the non-door side hand to open the door.‎ Cycling UK also suggests harsher laws and advice on safer road positioning for people who cycle.‎ Mr Tuohy said：“In the Netherlands they are known for practising a method，known sometimes as the ‘Dutch reach’，which we think could be successfully encouraged in the UK.”‎ ‎“Cycling UK has written to the Department for Transport asking them to look into this，and highlight the dangers of ‘car dooring’ through a public awareness THINK style campaign.”‎ ‎　If you’re really concerned about opening a door into the path of a cyclist coming behind you，consider using what’s known as the ‘Dutch reach’ to open the door.That will naturally turn you in your seat and give you a much better view of what’s coming up alongside the car.‎ 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了car dooring(因开车门造成的撞人事故)的危害以及解决问题的可行方法。‎ ‎6.What is the text mainly about?‎ A.Car dooring.‎ B.Traffic awareness.‎ C.The “Dutch reach”.‎ D.The charity’s campaign.‎ 答案　A 解析　主旨大意题。通读文章可知，全文围绕话题car dooring展开，介绍了car dooring的危害以及解决问题的方法。所以A正确。‎ ‎7.Why does the author mention the figures in Paragraph 3?‎ A.To cause public concern.‎ B.To report the terrible accidents.‎ C.To show the dangers of car dooring.‎ D.To stress the importance of traffic safety.‎ 答案　C ‎8.While doing the “Dutch reach”，you should .‎ A.sit still in your seat B.open the car door politely C.use the inside hand to open the door D.use the left hand to open the car door 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“where people leaving a vehicle reach over and use the non-door side hand to open the door”可知，应该用不靠近车门的手开门。故选C。‎ ‎9.What can be learned from the text?‎ A.Many people are ignorant of car dooring.‎ B.The “Dutch reach” is well received in England.‎ C.Dooring incidents are all attended by police.‎ D.Drivers are to blame for dooring incidents.‎ 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Charity Cycling UK recently launched a campaign to raise awareness of dooring after discovering that many people don’t know what it is...”以及文中多次出现的“public awareness”可知，很多人对car dooring这个问题重视不够。‎ ‎10.What’s the author’s attitude towards car dooring?‎ A.Enthusiastic. B.Ridiculous.‎ C.Neutral. D.Concerned.‎ 答案　D 解析　观点态度题。car dooring导致诸多事故，而人们对此又了解不多，作者在字里行间表达了对这一现象的担心。故选D。‎ 六、Earthworms lying on sidewalks or streets after a heavy spring rain has become a commonplace，but why do they do this...and could that be a travel riskiness? Researchers suppose several reasons why heavy rain storms bring earthworms out of their soil homes.For years scientists seemed to think the only reason earthworms came to the soil surface after a good rain was to prevent drowning in their water-filled holes in the ground.‎ ‎“This is not true as earthworms breathe through their skins and actually require wet in the soil to do so.” said Dr Chris Lowe，the lecturer in Waste and Environmental Management.Earthworms are unable to drown like a human would，and they can even survive several days fully go under the surface of water.‎ Soil experts now think earthworms surface during rain storms for migration purposes.“It gives them an ‎ opportunity to move greater distances across the soil surface than they could do through soil.” said Dr Lowe.“They can’t do this when it is dry because of their wet requirements，but during unwatered conditions，life is certainly more difficult for a worm.”“Earthworms dig deeper into the soil where it is wetter when conditions are dry，” said Professor Mary Ann Bruns.‎ Another explanation involves rain drop vibrations(震动) on the soil surface sounding similar to vibration of animals who eat or kill earthworms，like those of moles(鼹鼠).Earthworms often come to the surface to escape moles.“Rain can set up vibrations on top of the soil like mole vibrations.” said Professor Josef Gorres.“Similar to how earthworms move upwards and out of the way when predator vibrations are felt，they could move in a similar way for rain vibrations.”‎ Similarly，humans create vibrations to bilk worms out of their holes in the ground；fishermen run a piece of steel or a hand saw (手锯) across the top of a stake，which causes a rubbing sound to occur as the stake vibrates.Earthworms are then moved to the surface，much to the fishermen’s delight.‎ Earthworms use touch to communicate and interact.Research confirmed that social cues among earthworms influence behavior.Exactly why earthworms have come to form groups is still being investigated，but it is possible that worms gather to protect themselves.Protection from weather elements hasn’t been ruled out.‎ ‎16.Which might be the best title for the passage?‎ A.How Do Earthworms Get Rid of Being Attacked?‎ B.How Do Earthworms Communicate and Interact?‎ C.Why Do Earthworms Surface After Rain?‎ D.How Do Earthworms Surface After Rain?‎ 答案　C 解析　标题归纳题。根据文章内容可知，本文讲述的是为什么蚯蚓会在雨后浮出来。故C项作本文标题最佳。‎ ‎17.Which of the following is TRUE?‎ A.Earthworms protect themselves by vibrations.‎ B.Earthworms’ behavior is influenced by their living places.‎ C.Earthworms surface after rain for survival.‎ D.It’s not suitable for earthworms to breathe in dry soil.‎ 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“This is not true as earthworms breathe through their skins and actually ‎ require wet in the soil to do so.”可知，蚯蚓不能在干燥的土壤中呼吸。‎ ‎18.According to the passage，heavy rain can .‎ A.destroy earthworms’ home B.make earthworms move farther C.inspire earthworms to keep food D.make earthworms live deeper 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“It gives them an opportunity to move greater distance across the soil surface”可知，大雨会使蚯蚓移动得更远。‎ ‎19.It can be inferred from the passage that .‎ A.moles like to eat earthworms B.earthworms get food through vibrations from each other C.too wet environments can make earthworms die D.mole vibrations are the same as earthworm vibrations 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段第一句可知，鼹鼠喜欢吃蚯蚓。‎ ‎20.The underlined word “bilk” can be replaced by .‎ A.beat B.cheat C.prevent D.pull 答案　B 解析　词义猜测题。根据句意可知，人类创造振动，把虫子从洞里诱骗出来，所以该词的意思是“骗”。故选B。‎ 七、Are you sick of going to bed late and waking up tired? Then grab your hiking boots and a tent.A new study suggests that a couple days of camping in the great outdoors can reset your circadian clock and help you get more sleep.‎ The circadian clock，more commonly known as the body clock，is an internal system that tells our bodies when it’s time to go to sleep and when it’s time to go to wake up.Scientists track this clock by measuring the amount of melatonin(褪黑激素) circulating in a person’s blood at any given time.‎ In a healthy sleeper，melatonin levels rise a few hours before bedtime，stay high through the night，and then settle back down when it’s time to wake up.‎ In our modern society，however，most of us stay up many hours past sunset and would probably sleep in many hours after sunrise if we could.And the trouble is，your melatonin levels may still be high when your alarm clock goes off in the morning，which leads to grogginess.It may also have other health consequences as well，such as diabetes(糖尿病)，overweight and heart disease.‎ Professor Kenneth Wright of the University of Colorado in the US wanted to see if our body clocks can be reset by a short stay in nature.His team recruited 14 physically active volunteers in their 20s and 30s.Nine went on a weekend camping trip，while the other five stayed home.‎ At the end of the weekend，the researchers reported that in just two days，the campers’ body clocks had shifted so that their melatonin levels began to rise more than an hour earlier than they did before they left on the trip.By contrast，the body clocks of the group that stayed home shifted even later over the course of the weekend.‎ ‎“This tells us we can reset our clocks fast，” Wright said.‎ Therefore，if you want to change your sleep patterns，you could try to increase your exposure to nature light during the day and decrease the amount of artificial light you see at night.And if that doesn’t work，there’s always camping.‎ ‎1.The author wrote this article mainly to .‎ A.explain why it is bad for our health not to sleep enough ‎ B.inform us of a possible way to adjust the circadian clock ‎ C.analyze how the circadian clock influences our sleeping habits ‎ D.explore how the circadian clock is connected with melatonin levels 答案　B 解析　写作意图题。根据文章内容“A new study suggests that a couple days of camping in the great outdoors can reset your circadian clock and help you get more sleep.”可知，作者写作本文主要是告诉我们一种调整生物钟的可行的方法。 ‎ ‎2.The underlined word “grogginess” in Paragraph 4 probably means “ ”.‎ A.tiredness B.excitement C.refreshment D.pressure 答案　A ‎3.How does the author develop the passage? ‎ A.By categorization.‎ B.By comparison.‎ C.By the order of time.‎ D.By the order of space.‎ 答案　B 解析　篇章结构题。根据文章内容可知，作者是将待在室内与待在室外的人进行比较，得出的结论。by categorization归类；by comparison比较；by the order of time按时间顺序；by the order of space按空间顺序。‎ ‎4.What did Wright’s team discover from their experiment? ‎ A.The body clocks of the two groups didn’t show much difference.‎ B.The body clocks of those who stayed home remained the same.‎ C.Those staying outdoors reset the clock inside their bodies over a short period.‎ D.Changes to the circadian clock don’t necessarily affect melatonin levels in our bodies.‎ 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据文章第六段的内容可知，通过对比两组人群的睡眠表现发现，那些待在户外的人可以在短时间内调整好生物钟。‎ ‎5.According to the article，we’d better to improve our sleeping habit.‎ A.spend weeks sleeping outdoors ‎ B.try to reduce melatonin levels at night ‎ C.set an alarm clock to go off every morning ‎ D.expose ourselves to more nature light in the day and less artificial light at night ‎ 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，我们可以通过待在户外，接触更多的自然光以及夜晚减少照射人造光来改变我们的睡眠习惯。‎ 八、One evening I went out and left my 17-year-old son in charge of his 8-year-old brother and 4-year-old sister.On this occasion，the work was made less troublesome by the presence of his girlfriend.I left with complete ‎ confidence that the older children would do a wonderful job of babysitting the younger children.Later，I discovered that complete confidence was the last thing I should have left home with.‎ I had decided to return home earlier than planned so that my son and his girlfriend could go out.I called home with this happy news.But instead of hearing his cheerful，grateful voice on the other end of the line，all I heard was the sound of a telephone ringing.‎ It was，I should point out，after 10 p.m.，when the two younger children should have been in bed，and when the two older children should have been answering the phone.“I’ll give him a lesson，” I said.I decided they must be outside.Why they might be outside at 10∶30 on a winter night？I had no idea，but it was the only explanation I could come up with.‎ Finally，in desperation，I called his girlfriend’s house.After what seemed like countless rings，his girlfriend answered.“Yes，” she said brightly，“He’s right here.”‎ He came to the phone.I was not my usual calm，rational self.After all，one of the rules of survival for modern parents is that you can’t trust modern teenagers.“Where are the children？” I said.He said they were with him.They had done nothing wrong.My son had taken the younger children over to his girlfriend’s house just for ice cream and cake.This was too good to be believed.Well，it turned out that I shouldn’t have believed it.It was only part of the truth.‎ The following Saturday evening we were at my parents’ home，celebrating my birthday.My oldest son gave me the children’s gifts.Mounted and framed were a series of lovely color photographs of my children，dressed in their best clothes，and wearing their most wonderful expressions.They are pictures to treasure a lifetime，all taken by the father of my son’s girlfriend.‎ ‎6.The author went out and left her eldest son in charge of the younger children because .‎ A.she knew that her eldest son was a good baby-sitter B.she thought it no hard work to take care of the younger ones C.she believed he could do well with his girlfriend’s help D.she could not find a baby-sitter on that winter night 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句“On this occasion，the work was made less troublesome by the presence of his girlfriend.I left with complete confidence that the older children would do a wonderful job of babysitting the younger children.”可知，作者离开时非常自信，认为在他女朋友的帮助下，年纪大的孩子可以照顾好小孩子。‎ ‎7.When the author called home that evening，she found that .‎ A.there was no one answering the telephone B.the children were preparing a birthday gift for her C.her son was quarrelling with his girlfriend D.her son had brought his girlfriend home 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。由第二段最后一句“all I heard was the sound of a telephone ringing”可知，作者听到的只有电话铃声，家里没人接电话。‎ ‎8.According to Paragraph 3，“it” means .‎ A.the two younger children have been in bed B.the older children have been answering the phone C.the author will give her older son a lesson D.the older son went outside with his girlfriend 答案　D 解析　代词指代题。根据第三段中的“I decided they must be outside.Why they might be outside at 10∶30 on a winter night？”可知，it指的是作者的大儿子和他的女朋友出去了。‎ ‎9.What might the children do that evening?‎ A.They had a birthday party.‎ B.They had their pictures taken.‎ C.They framed some photographs.‎ D.They made some beautiful clothes.‎ 答案　B ‎10.What does the author intend to tell us by the story?‎ A.Modern teenagers are not worth trusting.‎ B.It is no easy job to look after young children.‎ C.It is no good to have a girlfriend at an early age.‎ D.Her children have a caring and tender heart.‎ 答案　D 解析　写作目的题。文章通过描述了孩子们为妈妈精心准备珍贵的照片作为生日礼物，说明孩子们的关心和体贴。‎ 九、‎ Most parents will tell you that travelling internationally with kids is no day at the beach.‎ ‎“For families with young children，spending a long period of time in an airport terminal can be a kind of pain.Partly because of all the waiting around but also because the airport is just a stop—usually the first stop—in a long journey.” said Suzanne Rowan Kelleher，a family travel expert and managing editor of MiniTime.cn.‎ But a new beach-themed play area for children in the international terminal at Los Angeles International Airport(LAX) gives kids a chance to have some fun and burn off some of their energy before they get on a flight.‎ Opening on Thursday，in the new Tom Bradley International Terminal with a party featuring the LAX therapy dogs，some gift bags and cupcakes，the 971-square-foot，post-security play area is titled “LAX Beach.” Open to kids aged 2 to 8，the play space has soft，sculpted foam pieces that resemble waves，surfboards，beach toys and dolphins and is keeping in with the terminal’s overall architectural theme，which was inspired by the Pacific Ocean to the west of the airport.‎ ‎“I think it is safe to say that happy children make better flights，” said Los Angeles World Airports Executive Director Gina Marie Lindsey.“And with the opening of LAX Beach，we are going to see a lot more happy children on our international flights.”‎ There are likely going to be a lot more happy adults seated around those children on international flights as well with LAX Beach appearing in the international terminal.‎ The play space—the first children’s play area in any LAX terminal—was built for the Los Angeles World Airports by terminal management company Westfield for 350,000.In addition to the beach-themed foam pieces，there’s a slide，an interactive light table and lifesavers for children to crawl through.‎ The nearby seating overlooking the space offers a place for parents to relax and keep an eye on their kids.‎ ‎“Having a kid-centric place where kids can work off a bit of energy can be a real lifesaver，” said Rowan Kelleher.“The beach theme attempts to offer a sense of place，too，which is nice.”‎ ‎11.What message does the writer try to get across to the readers?‎ A.Most parents traveling with their children like to travel by air.‎ B.It cost Westfield more than 350,000 to build the airport.‎ C.The feeling for parents with kids who are waiting for a long time in an airport is terrible.‎ D.Children who play in LAX Beach always sleep in the plane.‎ 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“For families with young children，spending a long period of time in an airport terminal can be a kind of pain.Partly because of all the waiting around but also because the airport is just a stop—usually the first stop—in a long journey.”可知，对于那些在机场等待很长时间的孩子的父母来说，这种等待的感觉很糟糕。‎ ‎12.What do you know about LAX Beach?‎ A.It opens just on every Thursday.‎ B.It’s designed with some oceanic features.‎ C.You can see some doctors played by dogs.‎ D.Adults are not allowed to get into it but parents.‎ 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“sculpted foam pieces that resemble waves，surfboards，beach toys and dolphins and is keeping in with the terminal’s overall architectural theme，which was inspired by the Pacific Ocean to the west of the airport.”可知LAX的设计带有海洋的特色。‎ ‎13.We can infer from the passage that LAX .‎ A.will build more theme beaches B.is to the west of the Pacific Ocean C.will open to people of the city D.brings joy to children at the airport 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段内容及第五段中的“And with the opening of LAX Beach，we are going to see a lot more happy children on our international flights.”可知，LAX机场给孩子们带来欢乐。‎ ‎14.According to Rowan Kelleher，LAX Beach .‎ A.is a landmark of Los Angeles B.is aimed for children’s safety C.offers kids a place to rest well D.offers parents a place to play with kids 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The beach theme attempts to offer a sense of place，too，which is nice.”可知，Rowan认为这个机场是洛杉矶的地标性地点。‎ ‎15.What’s the main idea of the passage?‎ A.Los Angeles airport will change its original style.‎ B.Los Angeles airport gets beach-themed kids’ play area.‎ C.Los Angeles airport will provide LAX Beach for kids for free.‎ D.LAX Beach is the most popular place for kids in Los Angeles.‎ 答案　B 解析　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文介绍的是洛杉矶机场以海滩为主题的儿童游戏区，给孩子们带来了欢乐。故选B。‎ 十、‎ Men can be beautiful too，right?‎ CHINA is going to host the 18th World University Student Beauty Contest in Guangzhou this December.This year for the first time the contest will include a male section.Students from over 130 countries will compete for Mr and Miss Beauty.The contest is one of the most respected beauty contests in the world.It was copied by the United Nations University (an international university belonging to the United Nations) in 1986.‎ Stick to studying Li Yining，an economics professor at Peking University，said that he would not encourage students to try their luck in the stock market.“They should stress study，” Li said，in his speech at Beijing Foreign Studies University.When asked，the professor said he expected house prices in Beijing to continue to rise.Li thinks the government should provide more affordable houses for low-level income people.‎ Campus cinemas Students at over 100 universities will have a digital cinema on campus after the National Day holiday.The 21st Century Digital Film on Campus Project was launched at the end of September.The ticket will cost 3－8 yuan，rather than 30－40 yuan at cinemas in town.Students often download movies online or watch DVDs.Now they can enjoy original films in the digital cinema.The digital cinema will show a variety of films other than Hollywood blockbusters.‎ Getting practical All 12,000 graduates from vocational schools in Shanxi Province have landed a job，according to the provincial government.In the past five years，it is estimated that over 95 percent of the professional school ‎ graduates have found jobs.However，the number for university graduates is 70 percent.Some employers said that they prefer professional school graduates who learned something more practical in school and expected lower salaries than university students.‎ ‎1.In the third part，the underlined word “launched” may mean “ ”.‎ A.started B.ended C.told D.mentioned 答案　A ‎2.Where can the material be chosen from?‎ A.A novel. B.A newspaper.‎ C.An advertisement. D.A fashion magazine.‎ 答案　B 解析　文章出处题。本文讲述了几个新闻事件，如大学生选美、厉以宁的演讲等，都是一些新闻事件，那么最有可能的就是从报纸上摘录的。‎ ‎3.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?‎ A.More than 130 countries will take part in the 18th World University Student Beauty Contest.‎ B.The ticket for digital film will cost 3－8 yuan.‎ C.In the past five years，over 95 percent of the university graduates have found jobs in Shanxi.‎ D.Over 100 universities took part in the 21st Century Digital Film on Campus Project.‎ 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第四部分第三句话“However，the number for university graduates is 70 percent.”可知，大学毕业生的就业率是70%而非95%。 ‎ ‎4.Professor Li thinks that .‎ A.the house prices in Beijing will keep going up B.the students should try their luck in the stock market C.the government can do nothing about housing problem D.the students should not only pay attention to study 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第二部分第三句中的“he expected house prices in Beijing to continue to rise”‎ 说明厉教授认为北京的房价会继续上涨。‎ ‎5.What can we infer from the passage?‎ A.In Shanxi，the professional school graduates are less popular with employers than university graduates recently.‎ B.The digital cinema will only show Hollywood blockbusters.‎ C.The graduates from universities can put what they learned into practice more easily.‎ D.No men competed in the World University Students Beauty Contest before this year.‎ 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第一部分第二句“This year for the first time the contest will include a male section.”说明今年是第一次有男性参与的比赛，那么以前是没有男性参与比赛的。‎ 十二 HELSINKI—Stuck in a distant corner of the Baltic near the Russian border，Finland has long had a reputation as a somber，dark place，caught between East and West.The nation’s only known personality is Santa Claus.Not any more.Finland is becoming a hit as thousands of fashion-conscious people discover the latest cold place to become hot.‎ Helsinki is where most first-time visitors stay，sometimes just for a long weekend.Because more and more people travel with hand luggage only，they can look for new，stylish destinations where they can hang out，eat and buy new stuff to remind themselves and their friends of how stylish they are.‎ But why Helsinki？Isn’t the city cold，expensive and dull？Cold，yes.So cold that they heat the pavement in winter，but that’s where the bad news ends.Helsinki is cheaper than almost any other major European capital，and there is more than enough to do to fill a long weekend.‎ Buses and trams cost pennies，and bicycles are free.But the best way to see the city is on foot.The Viking Line cruise groups stick to the traditional sightseeing walkabout，the Lutheran Church，Sibelius’s home and the fish and meat market on the docks.‎ Across from the Klub bar is Teatteri，a restaurant designed by Briton Rupert Gardner.No place better illustrates the change Helsinki has undergone.‎ Twenty years ago，it was a nightclub called Hot Lips.Walk in today and you could be in London or New York.‎ The country’s furniture and homewares may not be as well known as those of Ikea of Sweden，but the kind of people who get excited by teapots swear Finnish varieties are the best money can buy.‎ A decade after an economic recession that left Finland hunting for money，the country’s capital feels stylishly European.The broad,19th-century boulevards，lined with smart stores and cafes，feel high-spirited.It is a far cry from Helsinki that was once grim enough for Cold War film-makers to use it to represent Russia.‎ 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了芬兰首都赫尔辛基如今已成为一座现代化的时尚都市并以自己的独特魅力吸引着越来越多的游客。‎ ‎6.This passage is most likely to be found in .‎ A.a storybook B.a geography textbook C.a research report D.a travel magazine 答案　D 解析　文章出处题。通读文章可知，本文主要介绍了赫尔辛基的旅游特色。故正确答案为D。‎ ‎7.The best way to see Helsinki is .‎ A.by boat B.by bus C.on foot D.by tram 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“But the best way to see the city is on foot.”可知，参观这个城市最好的办法是步行。故正确答案为C。‎ ‎8.What can we learn about Helsinki?‎ A.It was once used by film-makers to represent Russia.‎ B.Homewares of Finnish varieties are believed to be most worth buying.‎ C.If you want to see the change Helsinki has gone through，the best place is the Lutheran Church.‎ D.Finnish furniture is more famous than that of Ikea of Sweden.‎ 答案　A ‎9.What does the underlined part in Paragraph 3 probably mean?‎ A.Not considering this，you will find Helsinki attractive.‎ B.As it is cold，Helsinki is the place where tourists seldom go.‎ C.Helsinki is a place which can bring you good luck.‎ D.If you are unhappy you should go to Helsinki.‎ 答案　A 解析　句意理解题。根据画线部分后的内容可知，赫尔辛基这个地方除了“冷”这个缺点外，有很多其他优势。故正确答案A。‎ ‎10.Which of the following places is NOT where the Viking Line cruise groups like to go?‎ A.The Lutheran Church.‎ B.Sibelius’s home.‎ C.Teatteri.‎ D.The fish and meat market on the docks.‎ 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“The Viking Line cruise groups stick to the traditional sightseeing walkabout，the Lutheran Church，Sibelius’s home and the fish and meat market on the docks.”可知正确答案为C项。‎ 十三 The insects live underwater，wondering what exists above.One of them offers to climb up and report back.He makes his way up，breaks the surface and feels the sun’s warmth.Suddenly，he becomes a beautiful four-winged creature—a dragonfly(蜻蜓).He tries to return home，but discovers he cannot dive beneath the water.He’s unable to tell anyone about the wonders of the world above.‎ The story wouldn’t leave my mind.I pulled my jacket tighter against the late-October wind，hurrying from my office to the drugstore，where I intended to buy a card.Occasionally I glanced up into the clear blue sky for those beautiful wings.It was just a story in a book that a friend had put in my hands after my daughter’s death four months earlier，I thought.‎ Kari was only 27 years old when she died in an accident.She occupied my every waking thought.Whenever the phone rang early in the morning，I remembered Kari，who always called me on her way to work. In the middle of the night，tired but unable to sleep，I used the way her shoulders shook when she broke into that infectious laughter just to feel closer to her.‎ Rounding the corner to the drugstore，I thought of the dragonfly pin Kari always wore on her winter coat.Maybe that pin was one of the reasons the story stayed with me.‎ A few weeks after Kari’s death，her husband，Donnie，came to visit.We would put on forced smiles and tried ‎ to say the right things.We took a boat out on the lake.Then I looked over at Donnie.A dragonfly with light blue wings was flying just above his shoulder.All summer，I saw dragonflies wherever I went，not just by the lake.In my backyard，a dragonfly landed lightly on my wrist.A group of dragonflies even surrounded my car on my drive home from work one evening.‎ Now it had been weeks since I’d seen one.Dragonflies couldn’t survive the harsh(严酷的) winter.‎ ‎“Think of the good times，”everyone kept telling me.“She wouldn’t want to see you so sad.”But how could I not be sad?‎ I reached the drugstore and opened the door.The cashier glanced in my direction.That’s when I froze，unable to take another stop.Everywhere I looked were beautiful wings of dragonflies.‎ ‎“A late shipment of summer items，” the cashier said.‎ They weren’t late for me.The timing was perfect.‎ ‎31.The first paragraph is written to .‎ A.make the passage more interesting B.show the writer’s love for dragonflies C.explain where dragonflies come from D.introduce the topic of the passage 答案　D 解析　篇章结构题。第一段作者讲述了蜻蜓形成的故事，而下文则写了总是通过蜻蜓想起去世的女儿，由此可知，第一段是为了引入文章的主题而写的。‎ ‎32.Why did the writer hurry to the drugstore?‎ A.To get some medicine.‎ B.To purchase a card C.To buy some beautiful wings.‎ D.To acquire a storybook.‎ 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“I pulled my jacket tighter against the late-October wind，hurrying from my office to the drugstore，where I intended to buy a card.”可知，作者匆忙去杂货店是为了购买一张卡片。‎ ‎33.What can we know from the passage?‎ A.Every morning when the author woke，she would remember her daughter.‎ B.The author’s daughter always called her when she got off work.‎ C.The author always woke from sadness in the middle of the night.‎ D.When the author got into the drugstore，she thought of Kari’s dragonfly pin.‎ 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“Whenever the phone rang early in the morning，I remembered Kari，who always called me on her way to work.”可知，每天早晨当作者醒来时，她都会想起她的女儿。‎ ‎34.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?‎ A.The author was determined to think of the good times from that winter.‎ B.The author felt sad when she saw a dragonfly flying above Donnie’s shoulder.‎ C.Many people comforted the author，but she still couldn’t get out of sadness.‎ D.The author would face a sad winter without seeing dragonflies.‎ 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第四段可知，许多人安慰作者，但她仍然无法摆脱悲伤。‎ ‎35.What does the dragonfly mentioned in the passage stand for?‎ A.The writer’s daughter.‎ B.The writer’s son-in-law.‎ C.The writer’s husband.‎ D.The cashier in the drugstore.‎ 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。通读全文可知，文中提到的蜻蜓代表作者的女儿。‎ 十四 Tears of relief and shouts of joy rang out at the San Jose Mine in northern Chile when 33 miners were lifted to freedom，one by one.The men，ranging from 19 to 63 years old，have been buried alive since a cave in the copper and gold mine they were working collapsed on August 5,2010.It is the longest time anyone has ever survived being trapped underground.‎ After the collapse，the men found an emergency shelter off one of the mine’s tunnels.The temperature in the dark shelter was around 90 degrees Fahrenheit.For more than two weeks，the miners’ water came from the tanks on their work vehicles.They shared a supply of food that was meant to last for only 48 hours.‎ The miners were totally isolated until rescue teams made contact with the men on August 22.They sent a note to the surface explaining their situation.Rescuers drilled small holes to reach the cave and sent down supply tubes containing food，water，clothes，medicine，fresh air and other supplies.They also received letters from their families，‎ a television set and games.‎ Additional collapses slowed down rescue efforts.Finally，a tunnel was built that could fit a 13-foot rescue capsule(救生舱)，called the Pheonix.The escape hole measures 28 inches across，a tight fit for the twisting 20 minutes,2,041-foot ride.The first miner reached the surface just after midnight on October,13.The rescue mission was faster than expected，and all 33 men had been brought to safety by late the same day.‎ The miners were met by family members who were waiting at Camp Hope，a settlement of tents near the mine.Chile’s president，Sebastian Pinera，cheered at the scene and hugged the miners.“We made a promise never to give up，and we kept it，” he said.After an immediate medical exam，the men were airlifted to the nearest hospital for 48 hours of observation.‎ ‎1.How long were the rescued miners trapped in the mine?‎ A.About 48 hours.‎ B.About two weeks.‎ C.One month and a half.‎ D.More than two months.‎ 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“a cave in the copper and gold mine they were working collapsed(倒塌) on August 5,2010”和倒数第二段第四、五句“The first miner reached the surface just after midnight on October,13...all 33 men had been brought to safety by late the same day.”可知，所有被营救出来的矿工已被困了两个多月。 ‎ ‎2.Which of the following doesn’t belong to the rescue work?‎ A.The water from the tanks.‎ B.Small holes drilled to reach the cave.‎ C.A tunnel built to fix a rescue capsule.‎ D.Letters，games and a TV set from the surface.‎ 答案　A ‎3.What can we learn from the text?‎ A.All miners reached the surface just after midnight on October 13.‎ B.The loss of the mine collapse.‎ C.The health condition of the trapped miners.‎ D.The concern of Chile’s president about the mine collapse.‎ 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“Chile’s president，Sebastian Pinera，cheered at the scene and hugged the miners.‘We made a promise never to give up，and we kept it，’ he said.”可知，智利总统对矿难非常关切。故选D。‎ ‎4.According to the text，the rescued miners .‎ A.received medical examination in a hospital at first B.could go home immediately they got out of the mine C.had to stay in a hospital for two days before going home D.felt relieved to see their family members taken good care of 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段末句“After an immediate medical exam，the men were airlifted to the nearest hospital for 48 hours of observation.”可知矿工获救后被送往最近的医院进行为期两天的观察。故选C。‎ ‎5.The best title for the text should be .‎ A.Disaster at the Mine B.A Miracle at the Mine C.Efforts of Great Chileans D.Miserable Life of Chilean Miners 答案　B 解析　标题归纳题。本文主要描述了在营救者不懈的努力以及矿工们的顽强毅力下，智利矿难的营救工作取得了圆满成功，33名矿工在困于矿井两个多月后终于获救，这可以说是一个生命的奇迹。‎ 十五 Since the 1970s，scientists have been searching for ways to link the brain with computers.Brain-computer interface(界面)(BCI) technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines.‎ Recently，two researchers，Jose Milan and Michele Tavella from the Federal Polytechnic school in Lausanne，Switzerland，demonstrated(展示) a small robotic wheelchair directed by a person’s thoughts.‎ In the laboratory，Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right hand.He ‎ could even talk as he watched the vehicle and guided it with his thoughts.‎ ‎“Our brain has billions of nerve ceils.These send signals through the spinal cord(脊髓) to the muscles to give us the ability to move.But spinal cord injuries or other conditions can prevent these weak electrical signals from reaching the muscles，” Tavella says.“Our system allows disabled people to communicate with external world and also to control devices.”‎ The researchers designed a special cap for the user.This head cover picks up the signals from the scalp(头皮) and sends them to a computer.The computer interprets the signals and commands the motorized wheelchair.The wheelchair also has two cameras that identify objects in its path.They help the computer react to commands from the brain.‎ Prof.Milan，the team leader，says scientists keep improving the computer software that interprets brain signals and turns them into simple commands.“The practical possibilities that BCI technology offers to disabled people can be grouped in two categories：communication，and controlling devices.One example is this wheelchair.”‎ He says his team has set two goals.One is testing with real patients，so as to prove that this is a technology they can benefit from.And the other is to guarantee that they can use the technology over long periods of time.‎ ‎6.BCI is technology that can .‎ A.help to update computer systems B.link the human brain with computers C.help the disabled to recover D.control a person’s thoughts 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，人类一直在寻找把人脑和电脑联系在一起的方法，BCI可以帮助残疾人向机器发布命令。由此可知，BCI是一种可以连接人脑和电脑的技术。‎ ‎7.How did Tavella operate the wheelchair in the laboratory?‎ A.By controlling his muscles.‎ B.By talking to the machine.‎ C.By moving his hand.‎ D.By using his mind.‎ 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“In the laboratory，Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right hand.”‎ 可知，特维拉通过想着移动左手或右手，就可以操作轮椅了。说明他通过思维来控制轮椅。‎ ‎8.Which of the following shows the path of the signals described in Paragraph 5?‎ A.scalp→computer→cap→wheelchair B.computer→cap→scalp→wheelchair C.scalp→cap→computer→wheelchair D.cap→computer→scalp→wheelchair 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第五段第前三句“The researchers designed a special cap for the user.This head cover picks up the signals from the scalp(头皮) and sends them to a computer.The computer interprets the signals and commands the motorized wheelchair.”可知，首先头皮接收人的思想信号，接着特殊的帽子从头皮上获取信息，再传到计算机上，最终计算机操作轮椅移动。‎ ‎9.The team will test with real patients to .‎ A.make profits from them B.prove the technology useful to them C.make them live longer D.learn about their physical condition 答案　B ‎10.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?‎ A.Switzerland，the BCI Research Center B.New Findings About How the Human Brain Works C.BCI Could Mean More Freedom for the Disabled D.Robotic Vehicles Could Help to Cure Brain Injuries 答案　C 解析　标题归纳题。文章第一段第二句“Brain-computer interface(界面)(BCI) technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines.”指出BCI是一种可以连接人脑和电脑的技术，未来它能够帮助残疾人自由活动。文章的其他部分则叙述了与之相关的研究信息。故C项为最佳标题。‎ 十六 When you choose a higher education course，here are some tips for you to follow.‎ Choosing your course There are a range of subjects and courses available.Many are work-related；others are academic.You’ll need to look beyond the course title because courses with almost the same name may differ enormously.For example，if you’re interested in construction but wish to use your creative skills，you may be better suited to a building design management course than a building project management course.‎ Style of learning Think about the style of learning that best suits you.It’s important to study a subject that you particularly enjoy，but if you want to follow a career in a different area，you may consider taking the subjects you want to learn and joining them into one degree.Many degree courses are made up of different subject modules which deal with particular areas of interest.‎ Choosing where to study Where you study can be almost as important as what you study.One thing to consider is whether you want to live at home or move away.For some people，living at home offers the best of both worlds，but it may make sense to move if you want to study a particular course at a specific university or college.Many students value the experience of living on campus or in a different part of the country as an important part of university life.‎ Finding out more about courses Once you’ve got a list of courses that appeal to you，it’s worth looking at some other sources of information about them，like independent reports.These provide information on the numbers of students who finished the course，student satisfaction and more.‎ Open days Open days usually take place in spring or autumn.Although you may have an idea about what a course is like，there’s no substitute(替代) for attending a class yourself.If you can’t come on the open days，you can sign up for a guided tour instead.‎ ‎11.You need to look beyond the course title because courses with similar names may be .‎ A.creativity-focused B.work-related C.far different D.quite similar 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“You’ll need to look beyond the course title because courses with ‎ almost the same name may differ enormously.”可知，题干中be后面的单词应该表示“不同的”，只有C项符合。creativity-focused关注创造力的；work-related和工作相关的；quite similar非常类似的。‎ ‎12.What are you advised to do if your interest disagrees with your future career?‎ A.Add preferred subjects to your degree courses.‎ B.Choose the subjects based on your interest.‎ C.Earn different degrees.‎ D.Give up your interest.‎ 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句中的“...but if you want to follow a career in a different area，you may consider taking the subjects you want to learn and joining them into one degree.”可知，你可以把你更想上的科目加入到学位课程中。A项符合。 ‎ ‎13.What do we learn about from Para.4?‎ A.Disadvantages of studying on campus.‎ B.Reasons for choosing where to study.‎ C.Importance of attending a nearby college.‎ D.Problems of going to a faraway university.‎ 答案　B 解析　段落大意题。本文第四段讲的是选择学习的地方，涉及到两个选择：住在家里还是搬到别的地方。接着讲到了住在家里的好处和坏处，最后一句讲到了住在大学或不同的地方的好处。所以B项符合题意。‎ ‎14.Why is it recommended to check independent reports?‎ A.To increase applicants’ interest.‎ B.To better understand a course.‎ C.To figure out how to complete a course.‎ D.To find out how different the courses are.‎ 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“These provide information on the numbers of students who finished the course，student satisfaction and more.”可知，报告提供了关于完成课程的学生人数、学生满意度等相关信息，由此我们可以更加了解这门课程，所以选B。‎ ‎15.On the open days，would-be college students can .‎ A.sign up for a particular course B.take a guided tour on the campus C.see whether there is a substitute course D.have a first-hand experience of a course 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“Although you may have an idea about what a course is like，there’s no substitute(替代) for attending a class yourself.”可知，学生可以在开放日自己来上课，亲身体验课程。‎ 十七 If you were bringing friends home to visit，you could show them the way.You know the landmarks—a big red house or a bus-stop sign.But what if you were swimming in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean? Could you still find your way home? A loggerhead turtle(海龟) could.‎ According to Dr Ken Lohmann，loggerheads have a magnetic(磁力的) sense based on Earth’s magnetic field.It helps them locate the best spots for finding food and their home beaches.‎ Scientists already know that several other animals，such as whales and honeybees，can detect(探测到) magnetic fields.The difference between them and loggerheads，however，is the way they learn to use their magnetic sense.Young whales and honeybees can learn from adults.Loggerheads are abandoned as eggs.‎ As newborn loggerheads have no adults to learn from，what helps them figure out how to use their magnetic sense? Lohmann thinks one of the cues was light on the sea.‎ Baby loggerheads hatch only at night.However，a small amount of light reflects off the ocean.The light makes that region brighter.Heading toward the light helps them get quickly out to sea，where they can find food.Lohmann tested whether newborn loggerheads use this light source to set their magnetic “compasses”(罗盘).He and his team put some newborns in a water tank and recorded which way they swam.Around the tank，the scientists created a magnetic field that matched the Earth’s.They set a weak light to the east of the magnetic field.Then they let the newborns go.‎ At first，the newborns swam toward the light.After the scientists turned off the light，the turtles that had seen the light in the east always swam toward east.When the researchers reversed(颠倒)the magnetic field，these turtles turned around and swam toward the new “east”.‎ This and the follow-up experiments all showed that loggerheads use light from the outside world to set their magnetic “compasses” and then remember the “correct” direction.If a turtle hatches on a brightly-lit beach，that would damage its magnetic sense forever and make survival hard for the turtle.‎ Lohmann’s work has led others to protect the habitat of this endangered species.Yet many questions about these creatures remain unanswered，and researchers have a lot to study.‎ ‎16.Loggerheads and whales differ in the way they .‎ A.bring up their young B.recognize landmarks C.detect magnetic fields D.learn to find directions 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“The difference between them and loggerheads，however，is the way they learn to use their magnetic sense.”可知，它们之间的差异表现在学习辨识方向上。‎ ‎17.What is needed for newborn loggerheads to set their magnetic sense?‎ A.Weak light reflected off the ocean.‎ B.Help from adult loggerheads.‎ C.Bright sunlight from the sky.‎ D.Food in warmer waters.‎ 答案　A ‎18.In the experiment，after the newborns’ magnetic sense was set，their moving direction was determined by .‎ A.the light B.the magnetic field C.other unknown factors D.the light and the magnetic field 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第三、四段中的磁场颠倒实验可推知，在幼龟的磁场感建立后，它们的移动方向由磁场决定。‎ ‎19.What is the significance of Lohmann’s research work?‎ A.It enables researchers to keep track of turtles.‎ B.It contributes to the studies of the magnetic field.‎ C.It offers a new solution to environmental pollution.‎ D.It helps protect the loggerheads’ living environment.‎ 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Lohmann’s work has led others to protect the habitat of this endangered species.”可知，Lohmann的工作已经促使其他人保护濒临物种的栖息地。所以D项正确。‎ ‎20.What could be the best title of the passage?‎ A.Experiments on Loggerheads B.The Survival of the Sea Turtle C.The Loggerhead’s Built-in “Compass”‎ D.Comparison of Loggerheads and Other Animals 答案　C 解析　标题归纳题。纵观全文，继首段引出主题后，文章都在围绕海龟的磁场感是如何建立的进行说明，主题词为磁场感。所以C项最适合作为题目。‎ 十八 While learning the science lessons，I used to get a doubt—why ears，nose，tongue and eyes should be called as special senses? The basic reason is that these are the channels through which we maintain contact with the surroundings.Though apparently it may feel like these are individual sensory organs，they do show some connectivity.Interestingly，our hearing is less sharp after we eat a heavy food.Isn’t it good for a sound nap after a stomach-full meal？That does not mean we go deaf after a meal，but the hearing pitch(强度) does change after a heavy meal.‎ We usually give credit of the taste to our tongue，but do you know that unless saliva(唾液) dissolves something，our tongue cannot recognize the taste of the food eaten.Taste is nothing but the food chemicals dissolved in the saliva being sensed by the taste buds present on the tongue.Try to dry off your tongue and mouth with a tissue paper and then taste something.‎ Women are much better smellers than men.They are born with this characteristic ability and can correctly pinpoint(准确说出) the exact fragrance of the sample.We all can store almost 50,000 different scents，which are strongly tied to the memories.‎ Pupils(瞳孔) do not respond to light alone，but to the slightest bit of noise around too.Thus surgeons，watchmakers and those professionals who have to perform a much delicate job do prefer to have a sound-free environment.Even a small noise can dilate(扩大) their pupils，change the focus and blur(使模糊) their vision.If you do not wear glasses or contact lens due to having a 6/6 vision，you are just among the one third of the human population.It is now statistically proved that only one third of the population has perfect vision，rest all are either wearing glasses or are trying to read with a compromised vision.‎ Each and every one of us has a particular or individualistic or characteristic smell，which is unique to us，except for the identical twins.This smell is very subtle(微妙的) yet can be sensed even by a newborn.It may be due to this scent that the newborn recognizes the presence of his parents around.Many of us can pinpoint the smell of our significant friends and colleagues.A significant part of this phenomenon is guided by genetics but it is also changed by the environment，diet and personal hygiene.This all together creates the unique chemistry that is individualistic for each person.‎ ‎1.We can learn from Paragraph 1 that .‎ A.after a full meal our hearing is as good as before B.all sensory organs are connected and can be exchanged C.sensory organs’ functions can never be changed for their particular character D.we feel and learn about the world around us through our eyes，ears，nose and tongue 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段第一、二句“...I used to get a doubt—why ear，nose，tongue and eyes should be called as special senses？The basic reason is that these are...surroundings.”可知，我们通过感官和外界保持联系。‎ ‎2.What may happen after you have had a rich lunch?‎ A.Your eyes become dim.‎ B.You may feel energetic and fresh.‎ C.Your hearing pitch may be decreased.‎ D.Your tongue may lose the function of taste.‎ 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第一、二、三句可知，吃饱后人的听觉会降低，但不会变聋。‎ ‎3.What does the author mean by the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2?‎ A.Our tongues can’t be dried while eating something.‎ B.If your tongue is dried without any saliva on it，it will not work.‎ C.A tissue paper is the only thing that can be used to dry our tongues.‎ D.If your tongue is dried with a tissue paper，it may work as well as before.‎ 答案　B 解析　句意理解题。根据第二段内容可知，舌头必须在唾液的配合下才能分辨味道，如果用纸把舌头擦干，舌头的味觉功能就会丧失。故选B。‎ ‎4.What makes each person different from anyone else except identical twins?‎ A.The number of sensory organs.‎ B.The functions of sensory organs.‎ C.The particular smell of a person.‎ D.The style of one’s behaviour.‎ 答案　C ‎5.What is the text mainly about?‎ A.The functions of sensory organs.‎ B.The connectivity of our tongue and ear.‎ C.A newborn’s senses of the sensory organs.‎ D.The differences of senses between women and men.‎ 答案　A 解析　主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，这篇文章讲的是感觉器官的联系和功能。‎ 十九 Do you listen to the songs that your parents like? Chances are that you don’t.You probably think the music that they like is old and dull and that the songs on your playlist are much cooler.‎ But here is what scientists found recently：people’s music tastes change as they age，according to a study published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.So it’s likely that your own musical preference will follow a similar path to your parents’，whether you like it or not.‎ We used to think that culture and personality are the only factors that affect one’s music choice.But ‎ researchers at the University of Cambridge，UK，gathered data from more than 250,000 people over the past 10 years.They noticed that as people age，their social circumstances change，and so does their music tastes.‎ There are three musical periods that people pass through as they mature—“intense”，“contemporary” and “sophisticated”.‎ The first period comes in the teenage years，during which time people like intense music such as punk and rock because teenagers tend to be aggressive and want to establish their identity as independent individuals.‎ But as people move into early adulthood，their lifestyle changes—they socialize more and want to build close relationships with others.As a result，they become more fond of contemporary music，such as pop and R&B，which is usually uplifting and danceable and played at parties where people hang out together and chat.‎ When middle age comes，things have settled down for most people.This period will be dominated(支配) by more “sophisticated” music，such as jazz and classical，as well as more catchy music like country，folk，and blues.‎ ‎“For many，this life stage is frequently exhausted by work and family，and there is a requirement for relaxing，emotive(有感染力的) music，” Jason Rentfrow，a researcher member，told The telegraph.‎ But you must be thinking：“Aren’t there old people who are still into rock music？” Of course there are.But Rentfrow explained that their reasons for listening to rock music may have changed.“We use music for different reasons，” he said，and thus at that age people may listen to remind themselves of their youths.‎ 语篇解读　本文主要讲述了“是什么影响了人们的音乐品味？” 研究发现音乐品味随着年龄的增长而变化。‎ ‎6.Why do children usually like different songs from their parents according to the passage?‎ A.Children prefer cool music.‎ B.Music taste changes with age.‎ C.Parents’ songs are always dull.‎ D.Parents have better social circumstances.‎ 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“But here is what scientists found recently：people’s music tastes change as they age”可知，音乐的品味随着年龄的增长而变化，所以孩子与父母喜欢的音乐不同。可知答案为B。‎ ‎7.The underlined word “catchy” in Paragraph 7 probably means “ ”.‎ A.touching and easily remembered B.awkward and easily captured C.elegant but difficult to understand D.flexible and difficult to catch 答案　A 解析　词义猜测题。由该画线词后列举的例子，如乡村音乐、民谣音乐和蓝调音乐，以及倒数第二段中的“For many，this life stage is frequently exhausted by work and family，and there is a requirement for relaxing，emotive(动情的) music”可知，画线词的意思是“吸引人的，容易记住的”，故答案为A。 ‎ ‎8.Middle age is a period when people .‎ A.have an aggressive goal B.like pop and R&B C.desire close connections with others D.lead a stressful life 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“For many，this life stage is frequently exhausted by work and family，and there is a requirement for relaxing，emotive(动情的)music”可知，对很多人来说，这个人生阶段经常被工作和家庭所累，需要放松的、有感染力的音乐。由此可知，中年是一个有压力的生活时期。故答案为D。‎ ‎9.What can we infer from the last paragraph?‎ A.Old people don’t like rock music.‎ B.Music can serve as a reminder.‎ C.Rock music makes old people younger.‎ D.Listening to rock music needs reasons.‎ 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“‘We use music for different reasons，’ he said，and thus at that age people may listen to remind themselves of their youths.”可知，音乐可以作为一个引起人回忆的事物。故答案为B。‎ ‎10.What’s the main idea of the passage?‎ A.Why do people like music?‎ B.How can you improve your music talent?‎ C.What influences people’s music taste?‎ D.Why do different people like different music?‎ 答案　C 解析　主旨大意题。根据文章第一段及第二段首句可知，音乐的品味随着年龄的增长而变化。所以本文讲述的是“是什么影响了人们的音乐品味？”故选C。‎ 二十 When I arrived at university，I had nothing in my bank account but was given a brand new overdraft(透支).I’d never had one before.So it was very exciting to spend money on shopping，nights out，and all the junk food my mum had never let me eat.I managed to max out(达到最高限度) my account within three months and suddenly life wasn’t so much fun.‎ I spent the last two weeks before Easter on a diet of porridge and became self-loathing(自我憎恨的) and I also blamed Asda(阿斯达超市) for all the two-for-one deals I couldn’t resist.Now I’m working full-time to repay my debts.I’m also setting up a separate bank account for my student loan to go into to cover rent and bills.So I’ll be able to keep an eye on my spending.‎ With a lot of hard work and saving over the holidays I’m hoping that I’ll be in better financial shape for next year.After my experience in halls—being kept awake until 4 a.m.and work surfaces permanently covered in mind—I’m looking forward to moving into a house with friends.The partying and social life in halls are fantastic，but sometimes you’re put with people you don’t get on with，and it’s hard to cope with that.It helped me to stay strong，but I wish I had stood up to them rather than felt bullied.‎ I had a really bad time in my first year，which is why I’m going to make the most of university next year.I’m going to balance work with a social life，hit Freshers’ week hard and join some societies.With university handing me so many opportunities on a plate，I want to take up as many as I can and enjoy myself.‎ ‎11.The author could do so much shopping as a freshman because .‎ A.she was permitted to overdraft from the bank B.her parents sent her money through the bank C.she wanted to max out her account D.she could work full-time 答案　A ‎12.What can we infer from the second paragraph about the author?‎ A.She enjoyed eating porridge for her meals.‎ B.She had to work to pay for her education fee.‎ C.She regretted spending so much money on shopping.‎ D.She wanted to borrow more money for shopping.‎ 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“became self-loathing”“working full-time to repay my debts”和“keep an eye on my spending”可知作者为自己的挥霍后悔，努力工作还债。故选C。‎ ‎13.From this text we can see that the author .‎ A.gained a lot of money through working B.didn’t get on well with her workmates C.felt bullied by her friends D.worked and slept in bad condition 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“being kept awake until 4 a.m.and work surfaces permanently covered in mind”和“sometimes you’re put with people you don’t get on with，and it’s hard to cope with that”可知，作者的工作和睡眠状况很差。故选D。‎ ‎14.The author made up her mind to next year.‎ A.make good use of her university life B.find a better job C.take up more plates D.form some organizations 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“I had a really bad time in my first year，which is why I’m going to make the most of university next year.I’m going to balance work with a social life，hit Freshers’ week hard and join some societies.”可知，作者决定明年好好利用她的大学生活。故选A。‎ ‎15.The author mainly introduces her in the passage.‎ A.opportunities at first year of university B.freshman experiences at university C.working experiences at university D.thoughts on her daily spending 答案　B 解析　主旨大意题。文中作者介绍了自己挥霍后悔的大一生活，自己为之付出的代价和今后的打算。B项概括了全文的主旨。故选B。‎ 二十一 ‎“It’s expensive to be poor.” I heard the last words of my interview with CNN’s Don Lemon as if someone else were speaking them.July 9,2014 was my 32nd birthday.I was supposed to be out with friends，having found the rare babysitter for my twins.Instead，I was on national television.‎ It wasn’t right；it wasn’t me.I was the mommy blogger who sometimes did funny things that attained a few thousand hits to my blog or Facebook page.Now I had television and literary agents calling me.People were thinking this thing was worth money.‎ When my essay about driving to a food bank in my husband’s Mercedes went famous，people immediately started heralding(宣称) me as an “overnight success”.It was true in its way.The success itself was overnight.What people don’t realize is that the luck of going famous was based on a mountain of hard work，on years of effort.There’s a frustrating truth to success in the Internet age：In order for your work to reach an audience，someone with power has to give it a chance，and in order for someone with power to give it a chance，it has to have an audience.‎ And before any of that can happen，you have to believe in yourself enough to keep going even when all you get in return is rejection.Just as I was about to give up：Boom! Suddenly，one piece out of thousands finally hit.But even with the Mercedes food bank essay，it wasn’t an easy sell.I’d written that piece months before and sent it to every place I could think of.Radio silence，The Washington Post itself rejected me.‎ Eventually The Post sent it along to its new online section PostEverything.And it got noticed.Within hours of hitting the site，it became PostEverything’s top story.The Washington Post moved it to the main page，where it became the No.1 story of the day，then of the month，then of the year.It now stands as The Post’s most read story in its history，according to my editor there.‎ I just keep reminding myself that the way of the Internet success is：belief in yourself，someone in power ‎ giving you a chance，and audience participation.Now，a month after the original post，I have redoubled my writing efforts，using my 15-minute fame to get my essay seen by larger publications.‎ ‎1.What can we learn from the passage?‎ A.CNN is the first media that found the author’s essay.‎ B.The author who was born in 1982 must be good at writing.‎ C.People think what the author writes is the thing that they want in their life.‎ D.The author asked others to look after her twins to take part in a birthday party.‎ 答案　B ‎2.What’s the basic element in getting success in the author’s opinion?‎ A.A good quantity of great efforts.‎ B.A great amount of good luck.‎ C.Topics suitable for the public.‎ D.Modern Internet technique.‎ 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“What people don’t realize is that the luck of going famous was based on a mountain of hard work，on years of effort.”可知人们不知道的是，成名的运气是建立在艰苦奋斗的基础上的，作者认为成名需要大量的努力和付出。‎ ‎3.It can be inferred that the Mercedes food bank essay .‎ A.was the author’s first essay B.was first recognized by Radio C.appeared on The Washington Post easily D.also received many rejections 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段内容可以判断在这篇文章出名前遭到了许多的拒绝。‎ ‎4.What’s the main idea of Paragraph 5?‎ A.Why the author’s essay got No.1 in The Washington Post history.‎ B.How the author’s essay got No.1 in The Washington Post history.‎ C.What edition the author’s essay appeared on The Washington Post.‎ D.Where the author’s essay first appeared.‎ 答案　B 解析　段落大意题。根据第五段的内容可知本段主要描述的是作者在《华盛顿邮报史》上的第一篇文章是如何成为No.1的。 ‎ ‎5.What kind of person does the author belong to?‎ A.A person with luck and courage.‎ B.A person with good communication technique.‎ C.A person with confidence and effort.‎ D.A person with effort and wealth.‎ 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据作者的成名之路及最后一段的描述“belief in yourself，someone in power giving you a chance，and audience participation.Now，a month after the original post，I have redoubled my writing efforts，using my 15-minute fame to get my essay seen by larger publications.”可知作者是一名非常自信并非常勤奋和努力的作家。‎ 二十二 How frustrating is it when a pipe bursts，and you have to wait hours for a worker to come and replace or repair it？How about standing helplessly on the side of the road with a flat tire？Or when your little kid’s plastic train breaks apart?‎ Researchers at the CIDETEC—Centre for Electrochemical Technologies in San Sebastian，Spain，may have just created a quick fix for all of these headaches.They created a polymer called “Terminator”，which can bind itself back together even after being sliced.‎ Natural polymers are everywhere.They make up the shells that protect small sea creatures such as lobsters and shrimps.They’re in the silk blouse your grandmother so loves and the DNA that makes you.In nature，many polymers heal themselves when broken or sliced.Think of your skin when you have a small cut—as the two sides of the cut bind back together，you can see a self-healing polymer in action.‎ Synthetic，or man-made，polymers are just as common.Scientists started creating nylon and synthetic rubber to make up for the shortage of silk and rubber during World War Ⅱ. PVC，polyester and many forms of plastic soon followed.As much as synthetic polymers imitate natural polymers，they’ve always lacked one important feature，the ‎ ability to heal themselves—until now.‎ ‎“‘Terminator’ is the first man-made self-healing polymer，” the Spanish scientists reported in the Sept.13 issue of the journal Materials Horizons.‎ In the research lab，the researchers cut the polymer in half with a knife.Then they made the two halves touch each other and allowed them to stand at room temperature，without applying any pressure.‎ ‎“Terminator” started self-healing within an hour.It was ninety-seven percent healed within two hours，and completely joined together after twenty-two hours.Once it had repaired itself，the scientists were able to pull it by hand，with no breaks or tears.‎ The researchers say this breakthrough will allow them to create stronger sealants，paints，adhesives and more.This could eventually lead to self-repairing pipes，bicycle tires and Barbie dolls，among a million other possibilities.‎ 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了西班牙科学家研制出的一种能够自我修复的材料——“终结者”。‎ ‎6.By asking a series of questions in Paragraph 1，the author mainly intends to show .‎ A.the difficulties of repairing household items B.the unpleasant experiences in everyday life C.the shortcomings of man-made polymers D.the poor quality of plastic products 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。文章在第一段提到的a pipe bursts，a flat tire和your little kid’s plastic train breaks apart三件烦心事都是关于合成聚合物的缺陷：破裂之后不能自我修复。故正确答案为C。‎ ‎7.Which of the following is TRUE of polymers?‎ A.All natural polymers can heal themselves.‎ B.Natural polymers can be found in silk and skin.‎ C.Synthetic polymers Are used only in a limited way.‎ D.Synthetic polymers are made from natural polymers.‎ 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。由第三段中的“They’re in the silk blouse your grandmother so loves”和“Think of your skin...polymer in action”可知，蚕丝和皮肤中都含有天然聚合物。故正确答案为B。‎ ‎8.What do we know about “Terminator”？‎ A.It is made up of two parts.‎ B.It heals itself completely in several hours.‎ C.It can repair itself under normal conditions.‎ D.It must be pulled apart soon after self-healing.‎ 答案　C ‎9.The last paragraph mainly discusses .‎ A.the safety of “Terminator”‎ B.the various uses of “Terminator”‎ C.the raw materials of “Terminator”‎ D.the characteristics of “Terminator”‎ 答案　B 解析　段落大意题。最后一段主要讲述了“终结者”的多种用途。故选B。‎ ‎10.Which of the following can be the best title of this passage?‎ A.Uses of Synthetic Polymers are Rediscovered B.Natural Polymers Are Not Easy to Imitate C.The First Self-healing Polymer Was Created in a Spanish Lab D.“Terminator” May Be a New Treatment for Headaches 答案　C 解析　标题归纳题。西班牙科学家研制了一种能够自我修复的合成聚合物——“终结者”，它被切断之后能够很快恢复原状。故C项作本文标题最佳。‎ 二十三 With a satisfied smile，Keisha finished the last sentence of her English essay about one of her heroes，Rosa Parks，an important figure in the Civil Rights Movement.‎ ‎“Keisha，” her mother shouted from downstairs.“It’s almost 4∶15.”‎ ‎“Don’t worry.I won’t be late.” Keisha pulled down a storybook from her bookshelf, as she always read to the nursing home’s residents.And on an impulse(一时心血来潮)，she added her English notebook as well.‎ As Keisha came running in the door，the manager told her，“We have a new resident this week，Mrs Ruby ‎ Watson.She’s still adjusting to her new surroundings.You’ll find her in Room 28.And by the way，Keisha，good luck.”‎ Keisha walked down the hallway at a quick pace.As she entered Room 28，she met two sharp brown eyes staring at her doubtfully.‎ ‎“I’m Keisha Jackson，a volunteer，” Keisha explained.“I come here to help pass the time with residents，or read to them，or，...” Keisha started stammering(结巴) as Mrs Watson continued to stare at her.‎ ‎“I didn’t request anyone to keep me company，” Mrs.Watson interrupted.“I’m alone most of the time，and that’s how I prefer it.”‎ ‎“I brought along some funny stories，” Keisha said hesitantly.‎ ‎“I’m not in the mood for funny stories，” Mrs Watson replied angrily.“What else do you have？”‎ Nervously，Keisha opened her notebook to her essay.She read the title aloud，“Rosa Parks：A Woman of Courage and Conviction(信念).” She glanced at Mrs Watson to see how she might react，but to her surprise，Mrs Watson’s face relaxed and her eyes shone.“Read to me about Rosa，” Mrs Watson said.‎ Keisha read how Rosa Parks’ refusal to give up her seat to a white passenger on a bus in 1955 inspired the protest that became a turning point in the struggle for civil rights.‎ ‎“I walked with Rosa Parks and Dr Martin Luther King，” Mrs Watson said with pride.“That was the greatest moment of my life because...” she paused.‎ ‎“Because...you were a woman of courage and conviction too.”‎ Sitting up straighter，Mrs Watson said，“Yes，I was and I still am.Thank you for reminding me，Keisha.Next Thursday，I will tell you my story.”‎ ‎31.Why did Keisha take her English notebook along?‎ A.Her mother asked her to take it.‎ B.She would hand it in on her way.‎ C.She might read her essay to someone.‎ D.The manager wanted to read her essay.‎ 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句“Keisha pulled down a storybook from her bookshelf, as she always read to the nursing home’s residents.And on an impulse(一时心血来潮)，she added her English notebook as well.”及下文她把文章读给沃森夫人听可推知，她带上自己的笔记本，是想把她的文章读给别人听。‎ ‎32.Why did the manager wish Keisha good luck before she visited Mrs Watson?‎ A.Mrs Watson could be difficult.‎ B.Mrs Watson was in poor health.‎ C.Keisha was feeling nervous.‎ D.Keisha was a shy person.‎ 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。从文章内容可知，两人刚见面时，沃森夫人是非常不友好的，甚至表示她喜欢一个人待着，可以推断出沃森夫人可能很难相处，所以管理人员祝凯莎好运。 ‎ ‎33.Mrs Watson’s eyes (Para.10) suggested that she was .‎ A.amused B.puzzled C.annoyed D.interested 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。第十段讲述了凯莎想给沃森夫人读她的文章，她本来以为沃森夫人会不感兴趣，通过to her surprise可以看出，结果和凯莎预想的相反，沃森夫人的脸放松下来，眼睛里发光。由此通过沃森夫人的眼神，可推断她对凯莎的文章是感兴趣的。‎ ‎34.What effect did Keisha’s essay have on Mrs Watson?‎ A.It aroused her curiosity in volunteer work.‎ B.It built up her expectation for more visitors.‎ C.It awoke her pride in her struggle for civil rights.‎ D.It changed her attitude to the Civil Rights Movement.‎ 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据文中“That was the greatest moment of my life because...”可知，沃森夫人在听完凯莎的文章后，回想起她生命中最美好的时刻，所以可推测凯莎的文章唤醒了她对于公民权利斗争的自豪感。‎ ‎35.Readers may find this story inspiring because .‎ A.a girl enjoys learning about her heroes B.a girl helps someone feel appreciated C.a woman overcomes hardship by herself D.a woman gathers the courage for life 答案　B