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2018届人教版必修1Unit5Nelson Mandela单元学案设计
一重点词汇回顾
1.devote
v. 投入于,献身
1. He devoted himself entirely to music. 他将一生奉献给了音乐。
2. Please devote more time to your work. 请把更多的时间用于工作。
3. He started to study ecology and decided to devote his whole life to the science.
他开始研究生态学，并决心将他的一生献身于这门科学。
4. The noblest ideal to which one can devote oneself is Communism.
能为之献身的最崇高的理想是共产主义。
2.out of work
失业
1. He's been out of work for six months. 他已失业六个月了。
2. He must square up to the reality of being out of work. 他必须正视失业这一现实。
3. He was out of work for three years and did not qualify for state aid, so that he was practically on the bread line. 他失业3年了，没资格享受州政府用于地方公共事业的补助费，所以他实际上已在领取救济食品的行列之中。
4. Hundreds were thrown out of work. 数以百计的人失去了工作。
3.vote
n. 投票,表决
v. 投票,选举,投票拥护
1. At the end of the meeting, a vote was taken on the motion.
会议结束前对该项提议进行了表决。
2. Parliament voted the bill through without a debate. 国会未经辩论就投票通过了这项法案。
3. The show was voted a success. 大家一致认为表演很成功。
4. UK nationals get the vote at 18. 英国国民18岁始有选举权。
5. I vote (that) we stay here. 我建议我们留在这里。
6. I suggested putting the matter to a vote, but the chairman demurred to it.
我建议对此事投票表决，但主席表示反对。
7. A large vote was polled. 投票踊跃。
8. He became a citizen, thereby gaining the right to vote. 他成为公民，并因此获得了选举权。
4.attack
n. 攻击,评击
v. 攻击,动手,疾病发作
1. The enemy attacked us at night. 敌人在夜里向我们进攻。
2. It is reported that this disease attacks the central nervous system.
据报道说这种疾病破坏中枢神经系统。
3. The police are launching a major attack on drug dealers. 警方对毒品贩子发动大规模的攻击。
4. We must move more players into the attack. 我们要多调配运动员到攻球区。
5. They attacked their meal with gusto. 他们大吃大喝。
6. This piece of music needs to be played with more attack.
这段乐曲的开始部分要演奏得更加雄壮有力。
7. England's attack has been weakened by the injury of certain key players.
英格兰队某些主力运动员受伤而使攻球削弱。
8. Shall we attack the washing-up? 咱们动手洗碗碟好吗?
5.in trouble
处于困境
1. You are always getting yourself in trouble. 你总是给自己找麻烦。
2. His upset looking gave rise to rumors that he had got in trouble with police.
他不安的神色引发了谣传说他与警方发生了某些纠葛。
3. Nothing gives him more pleasure than helping someone in trouble.
没有一件事要比帮助陷入困境的人带给他更大的快乐。
4. Do as you're told, otherwise you'll be in trouble. 叫你怎么做就怎么做, 否则有麻烦。
5. They stole the car for a lark, but now they're in trouble.
他们偷了汽车原以为好玩, 现在可惹祸了。
6. If I cop you cheating again you'll be in trouble. 我要再发现你骗人, 决不轻饶。
7. You'll be in trouble if you don't watch your step. 你要是不谨慎从事就要倒霉了。
8. I'm in trouble with the police over drugs. 我因毒品事落入警方手中。
6.turn to
求助于,转向
1. The child turned to its mother for comfort. 那孩子向母亲寻求安慰。
2. We turned to and got the whole house cleaned in an afternoon.
我们起劲地干了起来, 一个下午就把整所房子打扫干净了。
3. The parish priest is someone to whom people can turn in difficult times.
牧区牧师是人们在困难时可以求助的人。
4. She has nobody she can turn to. 她求助无门。
5. The more depressed he got, the more he turned to drink. 他情绪越低落越是借酒浇愁。
6. I tried to stand on my own two feet rather than turned to my parents.
我设法自立而不求助于我的父母。
7. Turn to the left and you will find the post. 向左转，你会找到邮局的。
8. Follow the main road until it branches, and then turn to the right.
顺着这条大路走，在路的分岔口向右拐。
7.lose heart
丧失勇气,失去信心
1. He fail many times, but he do not lose heart. 他失败了许多次，但他并没有失去信心。
2. Difficulties were increasing. Even then we did not lose heart.
尽管困难在增加，但我们毫不灰心。
3. He failed many times, but he did not lost heart. 他失败了许多次，但他并没有失去信心。
4. No matter what you do, never lose heart. 不管你做什么千万不可泄气。
8.escape
n. 逃亡,避难设备
v. 逃脱,避开,溜走
[计算机] 换码
1. The thief jumped into a car and made his escape. 小偷跳上汽车逃走了。
2. The prisoner has escaped. 犯人逃走了。
3. Where can we go to escape the crowds? 我们到哪里才能躲开这些人群?
4. The fire-escape is at the back of the building. 太平门在建筑物的后面。
5. It won't have escaped your notice that I've been unusually busy recently.
你一定注意到了我最近一直忙得不得了。
6. There's gas escaping somewhere can you smell it? 有什么地方漏煤气了，你闻到了吗?
7. There have been few successful escapes from this prison. 没有什么人能从这座监狱逃走.
8. A lion has escaped from its cage. 有一头狮子从笼中逃走了.
9.educate
v. 教育,培养
vt. 教育
1. He had paid out good money to educate his daughter at a boarding school.
他花了很多钱让他的女儿在寄宿学校受教育。
2. She educated her younger daughter at home. 她在自己家里教育她的小女儿。
3. Where were you educated? ie Which school(s), etc did you go to? 你在哪（些）所学校学习过?
4. The public should be educated in how to use energy more effectively.
公众应受到合理地利用能源的教育。
5. Parents should educate their children to behave well. 父母应当教育子女守规矩。
6. It is not easy to educate teenagers. 教育青少年不是件容易的事。
7. It is not the way to educate a child by making him do things against his will.
勉强他做事不是教育孩子的办法。
10.beg
v. 请求,乞求
1. I beg your pardon? 对不起,你说什么？(正式场合用语)
2. The boy begged me not to tell his parents. 这个男孩请求我不要告诉他的父母。
3. He lives by begging. 他以行乞为生。
4. I beg leave to address the Council. 我请求允许向议会发表演说。
5. He knew he had hurt her and begged her to forgive him. 他自知伤了她的心而央求她原谅。
6. There are hundreds begging in the streets. 街上有数以百计的乞丐。
7. May I beg a favour (of you)? 可以（请你）帮个忙吗?
8. He begged (her) for forgiveness. 他请求（她）原谅。
11.reward
n. 报酬,酬谢,赏金
v. 奖赏,酬谢
1. They rewarded the winners with gifts of fruits and flowers.他们奖给优胜者水果和鲜花。
2. He got a reward for helping them. 他因帮助他们而拿到一笔酬金。
3. A 1000 reward has been offered for the return of the stolen painting.
悬赏1000英镑寻找失窃的画。
4. He grudges you your reward. 他很吝啬，不愿给你报酬。
5. She deserves a reward for her efforts. 她积极努力, 应得到奖赏.
6. You have received a just reward. 你已得到了应有的报酬。
7. By rights, half the reward should be mine. 按理说, 有一半奖赏应该是我的。
8. They promised to make it worth her while (ie pay or reward her) if she would take part.
他们许诺说她要是参加就一定给她报酬。
[词义辨析] award，reward
这两个词都可以用作名词和动词，作名词时，意义相近，但不是同义词。
作名词时，award的意思是“奖品”、“奖金”，其义与prize近似，两者都指因为作出杰出成就而受奖。例：
The Olympic winner received a gold medal as an award．
He won the second award of $ 2，000．
而reward作名词时，其意为“赏金”、“酬金”或一些非金钱的报酬。例：
We will offer a reward of ten thousand dollars for information about the case．如果有人提供有关案件的情报，我们愿意出一万元赏金。
We don't expect substantial rewards．我们并不期望得到优厚的报酬。
用作动词时，award的意思是“授与”、“颁发”、“判给”；reward则表示“报答”、“酬谢”之意。例：
He was awarded the first prize for Outstanding Industrial Design．他获杰出工业设计一等奖。
12.set up
vi. 建立
1. The slump on Wall Street set up a chain reaction in stock markets around the world.
华尔街金融滑坡引起世界股票市场的连锁反应。
2. A hot drink will soon set you up. 你喝杯热饮料马上就精神了。
3. A fund will be set up for the dead men's families.
抚恤死难工人家属的基金会即将建立起来。
4. A week in the country will set her up nicely after her operation.
她手术后在郊外住上一个星期一定能复原。
5. He likes to set himself up as an intellectual. 他喜欢自命为知识分子。
6. How long will it take to set up the projector? 把这个放映机安放好需要多长时间?
7. Her father set her up in business. 她父亲出钱帮她创业。
8. His father set him up as a bookseller. 他父亲资助他做了书商。
二重点句式
1. The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.我初次
遇到纳尔逊·曼德拉是在我一生的一个非常困难的时期。
when在句子中引导的是时间定语从句。when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语：
(1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school.
(2) The time when we got together finally came.
2. …my family could not continue to pay the school fees and the bus fare. 我的家人不能继续为我支付学费和公交费用。
[词义辨析] fee and fare
fee (职业性的咨询或服务所收)费用，报名费，会费。如：doctor’s fees/a membership fee
fare (车、船等)费用，购票所需费用。如：
＊Train fares are going up again.
＊Urban crowdedness would be greatly relieved if only the charges_____ on public transport were more reasonable. A) fees B) fares C) payments D) costs
译文：只要公共交通的收费更合理一些，城市的拥塞情况就可大大缓解。答案是B。
3. …we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.我们到达了一个完全没有权利的地步。
关系副词where在本句中引导的是地点定语从句。关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用，例如：
There are occasions when (on which) one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？
4.…only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. 只是在那时我才决定以暴制暴。
句首出现only then，谓语部分要部分倒装。
句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until… 等。Never have I seen such a performance. Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.
当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。
注意： 如否定词不在句首不倒装。I have never seen such a performance. The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep.
三 单元综合知识运用
第二节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Human growth is a process of experimentation, trial, and error eventually leading to wisdom. Each time you choose to trust yourself and take action, you can never quite be certain how the situation will __36__.
Sometimes you are victorious, and sometimes you become disappointed. The __37__ experiments, however, are no less valuable than the experiments that finally prove successful; in fact, you __38__ learn more from your “failures” than you do from your __39__. If you have made what you think to be a mistake or failed to live up to your own __40__， you will
most likely put up a barrier between your essence and the part of you that is the alleged (声称的) wrongdoer.
However, viewing past actions as __41__ implies guilt and blame, and it is not possible to learn anything meaning while you are engaged in blaming. __42__， forgiveness is required when you are severely judging yourself. Forgiveness is the act of erasing an __43__ debt. There are four kinds of forgiveness.
The first is beginner forgiveness for yourself.
The second of forgiveness is beginner forgiveness for another.
The third kind of forgiveness is __44__ forgiveness of yourself. This is for serious misbehaviors, the ones you carry with deep __45__. When you do something that violates your own values and principles, you create a gap between your standards and your actual __46__.
In such a case, you need to work very hard at __47__ yourself for these deeds so that you can close this gap. This does not __48__ that you should rush to forgive yourself or shouldn't feel regret, __49__ taking pleasure in these feelings for a prolonged period of time is not healthy.
The __50__ and perhaps most difficult one is the advanced forgiveness of another.
At some time of our life, you may have been severely wronged or hurt by another person to such a degree that forgiveness seems __51__.
However, harboring anger and revenge fantasies only keeps you __52__ in victimhood. Under such a circumstance, you should force yourself to see the bigger picture. By so doing, you will be able to __53__ the focus away from the anger and resentment.
It is only through forgiveness that you can erase wrongdoing and __54__ the memory. When you can __55__ release the situation, you may come to see it as a necessary part of your growth.
( )36. A. turn out B. turn up C. break up D. break out
( )37. A. important B. engaged C. failed D. successful
( )38. A. obviously B. necessarily C. continuously D. usually
( )39. A. success B. failure C. fault D. benefit
( )40. A. ability B. expectations C. belief D. experiences
( )41. A. mistakes B. victories C. experiments D. fantasies
( )42. A. Still B. Therefore C. Instead D. However
( )43. A. absurd B. original C. emotional D. unusual
( )44. A. ordinary B. advanced C. alternative D. certain
( )45. A. wisdom B. mercy C. injury D. shame
( )46. A. thought B. approach C. behavior D. purpose
( )47. A. punishing B. forgiving C. blaming D. praising
( )48. A. mean B. prove C. reflect D. represent
( )49. A. and B. or C. but D. so
( )50. A. uncertain B. premier C. next D. last
( )51. A. essential B. valuable C. impossible D. unavoidable
( )52. A. trapped B. located C. lost D. occupied
( )53. A. drive B. drag C. put D. shift
( )54. A. keep B. refresh C. weaken D. clean
( )55. A. naturally B. finally C. definitely D. initially
第三部分 阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
5 Secrets of Web Travel Sites
Booking a trip on an online travel site is convenient, but comes with its own set of problems.
1. They know who's on a Mac and who's on a PC and who's going to spend more.
Last year, US travel research company Orbitz tracked people's online activities to test out whether Mac users spend more on travel than PC users. On average, Mac users lay out US$2030 more per night on hotels and go for more stars, according to the Wall Street Journal. As a result, online travel sites show these users more expensive travel options first. To avoid inadvertently paying more, sort results by price.
2. Their software doesn't always hook up to the hotel's system.
A guaranteed reservation is almost impossible to come by anywhere—but the risk of your flight or hotel being overbooked increases with thirdparty providers. The middleman's software isn't immune to system errors, so always call the hotel or airline to make sure your booking was processed.
3. Don't be fooled by packages: Often, they're lowend items grouped together.
Ever notice how travel sites recommend a hotel, a rental car, and tour package all in one click? These deals usually feature travel that no one wants, like flights with multiple layovers. Check the fine print.
4. You could miss out on loyalty points.
Thirdparty providers can get between you and frequent flyer miles or points. Many hotel loyalty programmes don't recognise external sites, others award only minimum points and exclude special offers, like double points on hotel stays.
5. Once your trip is purchased, you're on your own.
An online travel agency can't provide assistance the same way an agent can if a flight is cancelled or a room is substandard. Basically, when you arrive at the airport or hotel, you're just another client who booked at the lowest rate.
( )56. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. Thirdparty providers can ensure your reservation.
B. Mac users are likely to spend more money than PC users.
C. An online travel agency functions the same as an agent.
D. Packages usually provide travelers with satisfactory programmes.
( )57. What's the purpose of the passage?
A. To encourage readers to book a trip on an online travel site.
B. To make an advertisement about several travel sites online.
C. To convince readers not to book a trip on an online travel site.
D. To warn readers of some problems with booking trips online.
B
Want to add some hours to your day? Ok, you probably can't change the fabric of time. But a new study suggests that the way you feel about your goal can change your concept of time and that some simple strategies could make you feel less rushed.
In a series of experiments, Jordan Etkin, a professor of marketing at Duke, and her coauthors, Loannis Evangelidis and Jennifer Aaker, looked at what happens when people see their goals as conflicting with one another. In one, they asked some participants to list two of their goals that they felt were in conflict, and others simply to list two of their goals. Those who were forced to think about conflicting aims felt more time pressure than those who weren't. In another experiment, the researchers gave participants a similar prompt regarding goal conflict, but this time measured their anxiety levels as well as their attitudes toward time. They found that participants who thought about conflicting goals had more anxiety than those who didn't, and that this, in turn, led to feelings of being short on time.
“Stress and anxiety and time pressure are closely linked concepts，” D. Etkin explained. “When we feel more stress and anxiety in relation to our personal goals, that manifests(表现) as a sense of having less time.”
Technological advances that allow people to do lots of things at once may increase the feeling of goal conflict, she said.
“I think the easier it is for us to try to deal with a lot of these things at the same time，” she said, “the more opportunity there is for us to feel this conflict between our goals.”
She isn't the first to suggest that actual busyness isn't the only thing that can make us feel busy. At the Atlantic, Derek Thompson wrote that “as a country, we're working less than we
did in the 1960s and 1980s.” He offered a number of possible reasons some Americans still feel so overworked, including “the fluidness(不固定性) of work and leisure.” As he put it:
“The idea that work begins and ends at the office is wrong. On the one hand, flexibility is nice. On the other, mixing work and leisure together creates an alwayson expectation that makes it hard for whitecollar workers to escape the shadow of work responsibilities.”
And Brigid Schulte writes in her 2014 book Overwhelmed: How to Work, Love, and Play When No One Has the Time that some researchers believe “time has no sharp edges. What often matters more than the activity we're doing at a moment in time, they have found, is how we feel about it.
Our_concept_of_time_is,_indeed,_our_reality.”
Fortunately, Dr. Etkin and her team did find ways of making us feel better about time—or, at least, of reducing the negative influence of goal conflict. When participants performed a breathing exercise that reduced their anxiety, the impact of such conflict on their perception of time was less pronounced. Reframing anxiety as excitement (by reading the phrase “I am excited！” aloud several times) had a similar effect.
Breathing and reframing may not solve everyone's time problems—Ms. Schulte writes that some Americans are indeed working more than they used to. She cites the work of the sociologists Michael Hout and Caroline Hanley, who have “found that working parents combined put in 13 more hours a week on the job in 2000 than they did in 1970. That's 676 hours of additionally paid work a year for a family. And that's on top all the unpaid hours spent caring for children and keeping the house together.” Sometimes, we may feel short on time because we actually are. However, Dr. Etkin believes her findings suggest we may “have the ability to influence our experience of time more than we think we do.”
“We're all going to have times in our lives when our goals seem to be in more conflict than others，” she said. But with techniques like the ones her team tested, “we really can help ourselves feel like we have more time.”
( )58. What makes people feel rushed today?
A. Goal conflict. B. High pressure.
C. Too much expectation. D. Lack of exercise.
( )59. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Most people are having less work to do nowadays.
B. People under a lot of stress have a better sense of time.
C. Technological advances allow people to feel less stressed.
D. The flexibility of work increases whitecollar workers' pressure.
( )60. The underlined sentence “Our concept of time is, indeed, our reality.” means ________．
A. we should make full use of time B. we value time more than the way we live
C. we can feel better about time if we want to D. we don't have the time to enjoy life in reality
C
“Over the years the unthinkable has become thinkable and today we sense we are close to being able to alter human heredity(遗传)．” These were the words of David Baltimore of the California Institute of Technology, on December 1st, when he opened a threeday meeting in Washington to discuss the morality and use of human gene editing. Dr Baltimore is an old hand at these sorts of discussions, for he was also a participant in the Asilomar conference, in 1975, which brought scientists together to discuss a safe way of using the thennew technology of recombinant DNA, and whose recommendations influenced a generation of biotechnology researchers.
Four decades on, the need for a similar sort of chinwag has arisen. The International Summit on Human Gene Editing has been held by the national scientific academies of three countries—America, Britain and China. They are particularly concerned about whether gene editing should be used to make heritable changes to the human germ line, something Dr Baltimore described as a deep and troubling question. Like those of Asilomar, the conclusions of this meeting will not be binding. But the hope is that, again like Asilomar, a mixture of common sense and peer pressure will create a world in which scientists are trusted to regulate themselves, rather than having politicians and civil servants do it for them. The meeting is being held against a backdrop of rapid scientific advance. Since 2012 research into a new, easytouse editing tool called CRISPRCas9 has blossomed. This technique involves a piece of RNA (a chemical messenger, which can be used to recognise a target section of DNA) and an enzyme(酶) called a nuclease that can snip unwanted genes out and paste new ones in.
Public interest was aroused in April, when Chinese scientists announced they had edited genes in nonviable(无活力的) human embryos, and again in November when British researchers said they had successfully treated a oneyearold girl who had leukaemia(白血病), using geneedited Tcells. Tcells are part of the immune system that attack, among other things, tumour cells. The researchers altered Tcells from a healthy donor to encourage them to recognise and kill the patient's cancer, to make them immune to her leukaemia drug, and to ensure they did not attack her healthy cells.
In another recent development, a firm called Edit as Medicine, which is based in Cambridge, Massachusetts, has said it hopes, in 2017, to start human clinical trials of CRISPRCas9 as a treatment for a rare genetic form of blindness known as Leber congenital amaurosis(伯氏先天性黑蒙). Though other companies are already testing geneediting therapies, these employ older, clunkier forms of the technology that seem likely to have less commercial potential. Moreover, researchers at the Broad Institute, also in Cambridge, said this week that they had made changes to CRISPRCas9 which greatly reduce the rate of editing errors—one of the main obstacles to the technique's medical use.
On the subject of germline editing, Eric Lander, the Broad's head, told the meeting it would be useful only in rare cases and said it might be a good idea to “exercise caution” before making permanent changes to the gene pool. The need for caution is advice that might also be heeded by those pursuing work in animals other than people, and in plants—subjects not being covered by the summit.
( )61. Which of the following is TRUE about CRISPRCas9?
A. It has fewer side effects. B. It can modify human gene.
C. It can protect immune system. D. It has less commercial potential.
( )62. The underlined word “chinwag” in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by ________．
A. discussion B. negotiation C. argument D. comparison
( )63. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Dr. Baltimore started his research on modifying gene in 1975.
B. Scientists' opinions about the use of gene editing are consistent.
C. CRISPRCas9 has been applied to cure Leber congenital amaurosis.
D. More research should be made before the technology comes into wide use.
( )64. This passage is most probably a ________．
A. science fiction B. scientific report
C. conference summary D. commercial advertisement
D
Before the law sits a gatekeeper. To this gatekeeper comes a man from the country who asks to gain entry into the law. But the gatekeeper says that he cannot grant him entry at the moment. The man thinks about it and then asks if he will be allowed to come in sometime later on. “It is possible，” says the gatekeeper, “but not now.” ①The gate to the law stands open, as always, and the gatekeeper walks to the side, so the man bends over in order to see through the gate into the inside. When the gatekeeper notices that, he laughs and says: “If_it_tempts_you_so_much,_try_going_inside_in_spite_of_my_prohibition._But_take_note._I_am_powerful._And_I_am_only_the_most_lowly_gatekeeper._But_from_room_to_room_stand_gatekeepers,_each_more_powerful_than_the_other._I_cannot_endure_even_one_glimpse_of_the_third.”
The man from the country has not expected such difficulties: the law should always be accessible for everyone, he thinks, but as he now looks more closely at the gatekeeper in his fur coat, at his large pointed nose and his long, thin, black Tartar's beard, he decides that it would be better to wait until he gets permission to go inside. The gatekeeper gives him a stool and allows him to sit down at the side in front of the gate. There he sits for days and years. He makes many attempts to be let in, and he wears the gatekeeper out with his requests. The gatekeeper often interrogates him briefly, questioning him about his homeland and many other things, but they are indifferent questions, the kind great men put, and at the end he
always tells him once more that he cannot let him inside yet. The man, who has equipped himself with many things for his journey, spends everything, no matter how valuable, to win over the gatekeeper. The latter takes it all but, as he does so, says, “I am taking this only so that you do not think you have failed to do anything.” ②
During the many years the man observes the gatekeeper almost continuously. He forgets the other gatekeepers, and this first one seems to him the only barrier for entry into the law. He curses the unlucky circumstance, in the first years thoughtlessly and out loud; later, as he grows old, he only mumbles to himself. He becomes childish and, since in the long years studying the gatekeeper he has also come to know the fleas(跳蚤) in his fur collar, he even asks the fleas to help him persuade the gatekeeper. Finally his eyesight grows weak, and he does not know whether things are really darker around him or whether his eyes are merely deceiving him. But he recognizes now in the darkness a ray of light which breaks out of the gateway to the law. Now he no longer has much time to live.
Before his death he gathers in his head all his experiences of the entire time up into one question which he has not yet put to the gatekeeper. He waves to him, since he can no longer lift up his stiffening body. The gatekeeper has to bend way down to him, for the great difference has changed things considerably to the disadvantage of the man. ③ “You are insatiable(不知足的)．” “Everyone strives after the law，” says the man, “so how is it that in these many years no one except me has requested entry？” The gatekeeper sees that the man is already dying and, in order to reach his diminishing sense of hearing, he shouts at him, “Here no one else can gain entry, since this entrance was assigned only to you. I'm going now to close it.” ④
( )65. Which can best describe the man from the country?
A. Brave but innocent. B. Loyal but ridiculous.
C. Tolerant but stubborn. D. Trustworthy but childish.
( )66. What is the implied meaning of the underlined sentences?
A. Anyone who breaks the law will get severe punishment.
B. It's next to impossible for people to gain entry into the law.
C. The gatekeepers are powerful enough to defend the law.
D. All the gatekeepers take full responsibility for obeying the law.
( )67. The sentence “What do you still want to know now？” asks the gatekeeper. can be put in ________．
A. ① B. ② C. ③ D. ④
( )68. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. The gatekeeper is actually the symbol of responsibility.
B. All efforts made by the man from the country are in vain.
C. The man from the country finally gains access into the law.
D. A close relationship is formed between the gatekeeper and the man.
( )69. Why is the man from the country eager to have access to the law continuously?
A. Because he is anxious to explore the nature of law.
B. Because no one can gain entry into the law except him.
C. Because the gatekeeper promises him entry into the law.
D. Because he knows how to take advantage of the gatekeeper.
( )70. What may be the title of the novel?
A. Before the law B. Above the law
C. A countryman's life D. A gatekeeper's duty
第四部分 任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意：请将答案写在答题纸上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。
Family structure is the core of any culture. A major function of the family is to socialize new members of a culture. As children are raised in a family setting, they learn to become members of the family as well as members of the larger culture. The family provides the model for all other relationships in society. Through the observations and modeling of the behavior of other family members, children learn about the family and society including the values of the culture. Family structure and their inherent relationships and obligations are a major source of cultural difference.
The family is the center of most traditional Asians' lives. Many people worry about their families' welfare, reputation, and honor. Asian families are often extended, including several generations related by blood or marriage living in the same home. An Asian person's misdeeds are not blamed just on the individual but also on the family—including the dead ancestors.
Traditional Chinese, among many other Asians, respect their elders and feel a deep sense of duty toward them. Children repay their parents' sacrifices by being successful and supporting them in old age. This is accepted as a natural part of life in China. In contrast, taking care of aged parents is often viewed as tremendous burden in the United States, where aging and family support are not honored highly.
The Vietnamese family consists of people currently alive as well as the spirits of the dead and of the asyet unborn. Any decisions or actions are done from family considerations, not individual desires. People's behavior is judged on whether it brings shame or pride to the family. Vietnamese children are trained to rely on their families, to honor elderly people, and to fear foreigners. Many Vietnamese think that their actions in this life will influence their status in the next life.
Fathers in traditional Japanese families are typically strict and distant. Japanese college students in one study said they would tell their fathers just about as much as they would tell a total stranger. The emotional and communication barrier between children and fathers in Japan appears very strong after children have reached a certain age.
Although there has been much talk about “family values”in the United States, the family is not a usual frame of reference for decisions in U．S. mainstream culture. Family connections are not so important to most people. Dropping the names of wealthy or famous people the family knows is done in the United States, but it is not viewed positively. More important is a person's own individual “track record” of personal achievement.
Thus, many cultural differences exist in family structures and values. In some cultures, the family is the center of life and the main frame of reference for decisions. In other cultures, the individuals, not the family, is primary. In some cultures, the family's reputation and honor depend on each person's actions；in other cultures, individuals can act without permanently affecting the family life. Some cultures value old people, while other cultures look down on them.
(Adaptedfrom R. L. Oxford & R. C. Scarcella, “A Few Family Structures and Values Around the Globe”)
Outline
Supporting details
(71) ________ to family structure
family structure is of great (72) ________ in different cultures.
● Children raised in a family will gradually learn how to (73) ________ in a way which is acceptable in their culture or setting.
● Many cultural differences (74) ________ from family structures.
Examples of
Asian families
Traditional Asians (75) ________ their lives around family. Not only the
individual but the family is to (76) ________ for any wrongdoings.
● In China, parents'sacrifices will probably (77) ________ off when children grow up. Children will also provide for the elders.
● In Vietnam. it's not from the personal desires but from family considerations that decisions or actions are done.
● In Japan, children are (78) ________ to share their emotions with father, thus making communication difficult.
Examples of
families in the USA
Americans don't lay much emphasis on family values. (79) ________， personal
achievement is considered more important.
Conclusion
Family structures and values (80) ________ in different cultures.
第五部分 书面表达(满分25分)
81. 两位年近六旬的老人不会说英语，也没出过国，为了与女儿团聚，看望刚刚出生的外孙，远赴美国。他们的女儿连写带画地为父母做了一份出行攻略。
请根据以上三幅女儿为父母手绘的出行攻略，用英语写一篇作文。
【写作内容】
1. 用约30词概述手绘攻略的特点；
2. 概述你看了此攻略后的感受(至少两点)；
3. 举例说明你能为父母或长辈做些什么(至少两点)。
【写作要求】
1. 词数150左右。开头部分已写好，不计入词数。
2. 作文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。
To make it easier for her parents to get to America, a young woman has drawn three pictures.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
第二部分 英语知识运用
36—40 ACDAB 41—45 ABCBD 46—50 CBACD
51—55 CADDB
第三部分 阅读理解
56—57 BD 58—60 ADC 61—64 BADB
65—70 CBCBAA
第四部分 任务型阅读
71. Introduction 72. importance/significance
73. behave 74. arise/result/come/originate
75. center/centre 76. blame 77. pay
78. unwilling/reluctant/afraid 79. Instead/However
80. vary/differ
第五部分 书面表达(满分25分)
81. One possible version
To_make_it_easier_for_her_parents_to_get_to_America,_a_young_woman_has_drawn_three_pictures. These pictures contain almost all the necessary information the old couple may need on their way to America. With vivid drawings and clear instructions, they are impressive and easy to understand. (31 words)
Seeing the pictures, I'm deeply moved like many others. The young woman is very sweet and considerate. She loves her parents so much. Also, she must have taken a lot of pains to come up with such a wonderful idea, which will be of great help to her parents.
As for me, my parents are faced with much pressure from work and life. I should try my best to help them. For example, … In addition, …
