专题13+语法填空（冲关真题训练）-备战2018年高考英语大题冲关秘笈 12页

备战2018年高考英语大题冲关秘笈 专题13 冲关真题训练 题组一 Cloze 1(2017·新课标全国卷Ⅱ )‎ 话题 词数 难度 参考用时 正确率 ‎ 地铁的最初发展史 ‎ 201 ‎ ‎★★★☆☆‎ ‎10分钟 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ In 1863the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible 61 (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and 62 work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, 63 (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over 64 top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.‎ ‎ Steam engines 65 (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been 66 (fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using 67 every day.‎ Later, engineers 68 (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道）, which became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the 69 (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most 70 (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了地铁的最初发展史。‎ ‎61.crowds ‎ ‎【解析】考查名词，此处表示复数概念，crowd前没有冠词，且它是可数名词，故填crowds。‎ ‎62.from ‎ ‎【解析】考查介词，to and from来回，故填from。‎ ‎63.laying ‎ ‎【解析】考查动词，这里是由and连接的三个动词-ing形式，故填laying。‎ ‎64.the ‎ ‎【解析】考查名词，top是名词，前要用冠词，故填the.‎ ‎65.were used ‎ ‎【解析】考查被动语态，此处表示过去的被动，故填were used。‎ ‎66.fairly ‎ ‎67.it ‎ ‎【解析】考查代词，这里用it指代前句的railway,故填it。‎ ‎68.managed ‎ ‎【解析】考查动词，此处表示过去的情况，所以这里也应用一般过去时，故填managed。‎ ‎69.introduction ‎ ‎【解析】考查词性转换，空格前是the,后面应该是名词，故填名词introduction。‎ ‎70.successful ‎ ‎【解析】考查形容词，空格前是most,其后要跟形容词构成最高级，故填successful。‎ Cloze 2（2017·新课标全国Ⅲ) ‎ 话题 词数 难度 参考用时 正确率 ‎ 学业和诱人的职业面前如何选择 ‎ 215 ‎ ‎★★★☆☆‎ ‎11分钟 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A-level course. But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61 (rest). Instead, she is earning £6500 a day as 62 model in New York. ‎ ‎ Sarah 63 (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time. But Sarah, 64 has taken part in shows along with top models, wants 65 (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 66 (educate).‎ She has turned down several 67 (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree 68 engineering or architecture. ‎ Sarah says, ＂My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 69 (come) first. I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 70 (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don’t want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can’t model any more.＂‎ ‎【文章大意】本文主要介绍了Sarah Thomas在学业和诱人的职业面前所做出的选择，她认为在青少年时期要把学业放在首位。‎ ‎61. resting ‎ ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。固定短语：spend time doing sth花费时间做某事。‎ ‎62. a ‎ ‎【解析】考查冠词。model是可数名词，前面没有限定词，而此处泛指 ＂一个＂，故填a。‎ ‎63. was told / has been told ‎ ‎64. who ‎ ‎【解析】考查定语从句。非限制性定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为Sarah，指人，要用who。‎ ‎65. to prove ‎ ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。want to do sth.想要做某事。‎ ‎66. education ‎ ‎【解析】考查词形转换。形容词性物主代词后面应该接名词形式。‎ ‎67. invitations ‎ ‎【解析】考查名词单复数。several修饰可数名词复数形式，故填invitations。‎ ‎68. in ‎ ‎【解析】考查介词。in表示＂在某方面＂，获得某项学位 ＂get a degree in…＂。‎ ‎69. comes ‎ ‎【解析】考查动词。根据语境可知Sarah认为当下应该是学业第一，说明现在的情况应该用一般现在时。‎ ‎70. certainly ‎ ‎【解析】考查副词。修饰动词应该用副词形式，故填certainly。‎ Cloze 3（2017·浙江卷）‎ 话题 词数 难度 参考用时 正确率 ‎ 结婚戒指失而复得 ‎ 206‎ ‎★★★☆☆‎ ‎11分钟 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Last October, while tending her garden in Mora, Sweden, Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small ‎ ‎56 (carrot) and was about to throw them away. But something made her look closer, and she noticed a 57 (shine) object. Yes, there beneath the leafy top of one tiny carrot was her long-lost wedding ring.‎ Pahlsson screamed 58 loudly that her daughter came running from the house. ＂She thought I had hurt 59 (I),＂says Pahlsson. ‎ Sixteen years 60 (early), Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring 61 (cook) a meal. When she wanted to put the ring back on later, it was gone. She suspected that one of her three daughters — then ten, eight, and six—had picked it up, but the girls said they hadn’t. Pahlsson and her husband 62 (search) the kitchen, checking every corner, but turned up nothing. ＂I gave up hope of finding my ring again,＂ she says. She never replaced it. ‎ Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got 63 (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, 64 it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it. For Pahlsson, its return was 65 wonder. ‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Lena Pahlsson在花园里拔胡萝卜时，找到了丢失已久的结婚戒指的故事。‎ ‎56. carrots ‎ ‎【解析】考查名词。根据＂a handful of ＂可知要用carrot的复数形式，故填carrots。‎ ‎57. shiny/shining ‎ ‎【解析】考查形容词。a为冠词，object为名词，横线处应填写形容词。故填shiny或shining。‎ ‎58. so ‎ ‎59. myself ‎ ‎【解析】考查代词。主语为I，‎ 横线处为宾语，根据语境可知这里指她以为＂我＂弄伤了自己。故填myself。‎ ‎60. earlier ‎ ‎【解析】考查形容词。这里指早在十六年前，故填earlier。‎ ‎61. to cook ‎ ‎【解析】考查动词不定式。一个句子不能出现双重谓语，所以此处要用不定式作目的状语。故填to cook。‎ ‎62. searched ‎ ‎【解析】考查动词时态。根据＂but turned up nothing＂可知这里是叙述过去发生的事情，要用一般过去时，故填searched。‎ ‎63. swept ‎ ‎【解析】考查动词。ring与sweep之间是被动关系，要用被动语态。故填swept。‎ ‎64. where ‎ ‎65. a ‎ ‎【解析】考查冠词。wonder是可数名词的单数形式，且此处表示泛指，因此其前应加不定冠词a。故填a。‎ 题组二 ‎ Cloze1(2016·新课标全国卷I )‎ 话题 词数 难度 参考用时 正确率 ‎ 成都大熊猫基地的所见所闻 ‎197 ‎ ‎★★★☆☆‎ ‎10分钟 ‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia’s biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top 61 (attract).‎ ‎ So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I 62 （allow）to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be 63 (official) given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goes back 64 my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, 65 I was the first Western TV reporter 66 (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include 67 (introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.‎ On my recent visit, I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by 68 (it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few 69 ( day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, 70 other is with mum-she never suspects.‎ ‎【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者作为特邀人员在四川成都的大熊猫基地的所见所闻。‎ ‎61. attraction ‎ ‎【解析】考查词性转换。但对于像我一样的游客，熊猫是成都最吸引人的事物。由形容词性物主代词its以及形容词top可知此处应该填动词attract的名词形式attraction，意为＂吸引人之物＂。‎ ‎62. was allowed ‎ ‎【解析】考查时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，主语I与动词allow之间存在被动关系，且前一句的＂was＂表明此处应用一般过去时，故填was allowed。‎ ‎63. officially ‎ ‎【解析】考查词性转换。修饰动词应该用副词，所以填officially。‎ ‎64.to ‎ ‎【解析】考查介词。go back to是固定搭配，意为＂追溯到＂。‎ ‎65.when ‎ ‎66. permitted ‎ ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，permit与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系，故填过去分词permitted作后置定语，相当于that/who was permitted。‎ ‎67. introducing ‎ ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。动词include后需跟动名词作宾语，所以此空填introducing。‎ ‎68. its ‎ ‎【解析】考查代词。由语境及后面的名词mother可知，此空应该填it的形容词性物主代词its。‎ ‎69. days ‎ ‎【解析】考查名词。由few修饰可数名词复数可知，此空填days。 every few days是＂每隔几天＂的意思。‎ ‎70.the ‎ ‎【解析】考查冠词。这里【解析】考查的是one...the other...这一固定搭配，意为＂一个……另一个……‎ Cloze 2(2016·新课标全国卷II )‎ 话题 词数 难度 参考用时 正确率 ‎ 如何合理释放压力 ‎ 190 ‎ ‎★★★☆☆‎ ‎11分钟 ‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形。‎ If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别)those of 61 (great)and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of 62 (achieve). Leaving the less important things until tomorrow 43 (be) often acceptable.‎ ‎ Most of us are more focused 64 our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So, get an early start and try to be as productive 65 possible before lunch. This will give you ‎ the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.‎ ‎ Recent 66 (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks 67 (regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for 68 while, exercising, or dong something you enjoy.‎ ‎ If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you’ll be less likely 69 (bring) your work home. It could be anything-gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is, 70 (make) sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.‎ ‎【语篇解读】本文属于说明，告诉我们当工作压力太大的时候，应该怎么做来合理释放压力。‎ ‎61. greater ‎ ‎【解析】考查形容词的比较级。根据语境及下文的＂and less importance＂可知，此处应用形容词的比较级来修饰importance，故填greater。‎ ‎62. achievement ‎ ‎【解析】考查词性转换。首先处理最重要的工作以便你能感到一种真实的成就感。介词后接名词，a real sense of achievement意为＂一种真实的成就感＂。‎ ‎63.is ‎ ‎64.on ‎ ‎【解析】考查介词。我们中的大多数人在早上的时候会比我们在一天中的晚些时候更加集中于我们的工作。固定短语be focused on 意为＂集中于……＂。故填on。‎ ‎65.as ‎ ‎【解析】考查连词。因此，早点儿开始并且在午饭前要尽可能高效。固定结构as…as possible意为＂尽可能……＂。‎ ‎66.studies ‎ ‎【解析】考查名词复数。最新的研究表明，如果我们有规律地短暂休息的话，我们在工作中会变得高效得多。分析句子结构可知，谓语动词为show，为复数形式，且study作＂研究，调查＂讲时为可数名词，故主语应为复数。故填studies。‎ ‎67.regularly ‎ ‎【解析】考查词性转换。副词修饰谓语动词take，故填regularly＂有规律地＂。‎ ‎68.a ‎ ‎【解析】考查冠词。固定短语for a while意为＂一会儿＂。‎ ‎69.to bring ‎ ‎70.make ‎ ‎【解析】考查祈使句。分析句子结构可知，but连接两个并列分句。其中第二个分句中，whatever引导让步状语从句，其后为祈使句充当主句。故填make。‎ Cloze 3(2016·新课标全国卷III )‎ 话题 词数 难度 参考用时 正确率 ‎ 筷子的悠久历史及文化内涵 ‎ 195 ‎ ‎★★★☆☆‎ ‎11分钟 ‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ In much of Asia, especially the so-called ＂rice bowl＂ cultures of China, Japan, Korea, 61 Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.‎ Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might 62 (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal 63 (create) special designs.‎ The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, 64 (use) twigs(树枝)to remove it. Over time, 65 the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.‎ Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which 66 (gradual) turned into chopsticks.‎ Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, 67 lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the 68 (develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and 69 (be) too violent for use at the table.‎ Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat 70 their hands. ‎ ‎【语篇解读】本文介绍了筷子的材质与中国使用筷子的悠久历史及文化内涵。‎ ‎61.and ‎ ‎【解析】考查并列连词。分析句子结构及语境可知，Vietnam与空前的＂China， Japan， Korea＂之间是并列关系，故填并列连词and。‎ ‎62.be made ‎ ‎【解析】考查被动语态。此处指真正雅致的筷子可能是由金和银做成的。根据make与句子主语Truly elegant chopsticks之间是动宾关系及空前的＂might＂可知，此处应填be made。‎ ‎63.to create ‎ ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。熟练的工人也会把各种各样的硬木和金属组合起来以创作独特的设计。根据句意可知此处应用不定式作目的状语。‎ ‎64.using ‎ ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。use与其逻辑主语People之间是主谓关系，故此处用现在分词作状语。‎ ‎65.as/when ‎ ‎66.gradually ‎ ‎【解析】考查副词。应用副词修饰动词，故用 gradually。‎ ‎67.who ‎ ‎【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Confucius，且关系词在从句中作主语，故填who。‎ ‎68.development ‎【解析】考查名词。根据空前的＂the＂及空后的＂of＂可知，此处应填名词development。‎ ‎69.were ‎ ‎【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。根据句中的＂believed＂可知，此处描述的是过去的情况，应用一般过去时；从句主语为knives，谓语动词应用复数。故填were。‎ ‎70.with ‎ ‎【解析】考查介词。此处指大部分人用手吃饭，故填with。‎