2020-2021学年初三英语上学期期中测试卷02（仁爱版） 18页

2020-2021 学年初三英语上学期期中测试卷 02（仁爱版） I.单项填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出一个可以填入空白处的最佳选。 1．—I think teenagers should learn to do some chores at home. Do you agree? —Yes. And it can develop our________ to look after ourselves in the future. A．importance B．interests C．fairness D．independence 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——我认为青少年在家应该学会做一下家务，你同意吗？——同意，它能够帮助培 养我们的独立性为了将来能够照顾好我们自己。考查名词辨析。importance 重要性；interests 兴趣； fairness 公平；independence 独立性；根据“to look after ourselves in the future”可知，此处指的是“做家 务能够培养我们的独立性”，故选 D。 2．—How clean the room is! —Yes, I am sure that someone________ it. A．cleans B．cleaned C．has cleaned D．had cleaned 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——这个房间多干净啊！——是的，我肯定有人已经打扫过了。考查动词时态。根 据上文“How clean the room is!”，可知发生在过去的动作（clean）对现在产生影响（房间变干净了）， 可知要用现在完成时。因为主语是第三人称单数，需要助动词 has+现在分词，故选 C。 3．—How long has Lucy________? —Since 2014. A．been to Jinan B．become a teacher C．joined the music club D．worked in this hospital 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——露西在这家医院工作多久了？——从 2014 年开始。考查现在完成时的延续性动 词。根据“Since 2014.”可知，该句用现在完成时，其谓语结构是：have/ has + 动词的过去分词。问句 中询问做某事已经多长时间了，应用延续性动词，ABC 都是短暂性动词。故选 D。 4．His father ________ in a panda protection centre for 10 years, so he knows a lot about pandas. A．works B．has worked C．is working D．will work 【答案】B 【解析】句意：他的父亲在熊猫保护中心工作了 10 年，所以他对熊猫了解很多。考查句子时态。works 一般现在时；has worked 现在完成时；is working 现在进行时；will work 一般将来时。根据“for 10 years”可知此句时态是现在完成时，故选 B。 5．When Chairman Xi appeared in one hospital of Beijing, he became the center of much _____ at once. A．progress B．attention C．success D．peace 【答案】B 【解析】句意：当习主席出现在北京的一家医院时，他立刻成为人们关注的焦点。考查名词词义辨 析。progress 进步；attention 关注；success 成功；peace 和平。由“became the center…at once”，可知 此处是指“成为人们关注的焦点”。故选 B。 6．My best friend James_________ a fan of Manchester United since he was 12 years old. A．is B．was C．were D．has been 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我最好的朋友詹姆斯从 12 岁起就是曼联的粉丝。考查动词时态。“since+时间点/从 句”是现在完成时的标志；根据“since he was 12 years old”可知，本句时态用现在完成时，故选 D。 7．—Do you think it is of some people to eat wild animals? —Of course. They are killing our friends. A．patient B．careful C．cruel D．wise 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你认为有些人吃野生动物是残忍的吗？——当然。他们在杀我们的朋友。 考查形容词辨析。patient 耐心的；careful 认真的；cruel 残忍的；wise 明智的。由“…to eat wild animals…They are killing our friends”可知，吃野生动物是残忍的。故选 C。 8．—Did you win the game yesterday? —No.________ we all tried our best, we lost it. A．If B．Though C．Unless D．But 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你昨天赢了比赛吗？——不，虽然我们都尽力了，但还是输了。 考查连词辨析。 If 如果；Though 虽然；Unless 除非；But 但是。根据“... we all tried our best, we lost it.”可知，空格所 在句引导让步状语从句，故推断空格处填“虽然”。故选 B。 9．—You must be more careful and________the same mistakes next time. —Ok. I will. A．follow B．avoid C．enjoy D．plan 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——下次你必须更加小心，避免同样的错误。——好的，我会的。考查动词辨析。follow 跟随；avoid 避免；enjoy 享受；plan 计划。根据上文“You must be more careful”可知，下文是避免相 同的错误。故选 B。 10．He doesn’t like the boss and________him by taking another road home yesterday. A．supported B．treated C．greeted D．avoided 【答案】D 【解析】句意：他不喜欢那个老板，昨天走另一条路回家来躲避他。考查动词。support 支持，treat 对待，greet 问候，avoid 避免，躲避。根据 He doesn’t like the boss 可知，他不喜欢那个老板，因此 要躲避他，故选 D。 11．It's necessary for kids to learn to spend money ________. A．easily B．cheaply C．wisely D．quickly 【答案】C 【解析】句意：对于孩子们来说学会理智地花钱是有必要的。考查副词辨析。easily 容易地；cheaply 便宜地；wisely 理智地；quickly 快速地。根据句子结构可知，此处这个副词修饰空前的动词 spend， 结合常识可知，这里应表示“理智花费”，因此 C 选项意思符合语境，故选 C。 12．— Do you mind my smoking here? — Look at the sign. It says “No Smoking”. A．Of course not. B．No, I don’t. C．You’d better not. D．If you like, you can. 【答案】C 【解析】句意：—你介意我在这里抽烟吗—你最好不要。看那个标志。上面写着“禁止吸烟”。考查 情景交际。A. Of course not. 当然没有；B. No, I don’t. 不，我没有；C. You’d better not. 你最好不要； D. If you like, you can 如果你喜欢，你可以。Do you mind 固定句型的回答：1.若表示“不介意”或“同 意”时,常用否定形式.如：① No,of course not.② No,certainly not.③ No,not at all.④ No,go ahead.⑤ No,do as you like.⑥ No,indeed.⑦ No,please. ⑧ No,I don't mind.⑨ No,do it please.⑩ Not in the least. 等.2.若表示“介意”或“不同意”时,则常用较委婉的方式加以拒绝.如：① I'm sorry but I do.② Sorry,you'd better not.③ I'm afraid you can't.④ I wish you wouldn't ...⑤ I'm sorry,but it's not allowed ...⑥ Yes,I do mind.等。根据答语中的 It says “No Smoking”（ 上面写着“禁止吸烟”），可知对方反对吸烟，所以选 C。 13．— What terrible weather it is! — that it’ll get worse later. A．It is reported B．It report C．It said D．It supposed 【答案】A 【解析】句意：—天气太糟糕了！ —据报道以后情况会更糟。考查固定句型。本句如果是宾语从句， 主句是一般现在时，从句时态可用任何时态；主句时态是一般过去时，从句使用过去的某种时态。 本句从句 that it’ll get worse later 是一般将来时，C 和 D 是一般过去时，故排除；It 是第三人称单数， 谓语应使用三单形式，故 B 错误。句型 It is reported that+从句：据报道……，此处 It 作形式主语， 从属连词 that 引导的是主语从句 ，类似的用法 It is said/supposed/known that+从句：据说/据认为/众 所周知……。故选 A。 14．If you want to be a green person, you ought_____energy and _____air pollution. A．to save, reduce B．saves, reduces C．saved, reduced D．saving, reducing 【答案】A 【解析】句意：如果你想要成为一个环保的人，你应该节约能源，减少空气污染。ought to do sth 应 该做某事，故第一空为 to save。and 前后并列，故第二空用动词原形 reduce。故选 A。 15．________ Switzerland is very small, ________ it is the land of watch and it is very rich. A．Though; but B．Because; so C．Because; / D．Though; / 【答案】D 【解析】句意：虽然瑞士很小，但它是手表之国，而且非常富有。考查从属连词辨析。though 尽管， 引导让步状语从句，不与 but 连用，排除 A；because 因为，引导原因状语从句，不与 so 连用，排除 B。“瑞士很小”与“它是手表之国，而且非常富有”之间表示让步关系，用 though 引导让步状语从句， 排除 C。故选 D。 II.完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。 Wild animals are important to us. They 16 together with us on the earth. The earth without 17 is like the blue sky without clouds, and we 18 will not live on without them. So we should see them as family members. But some people 19 don't know the importance of protecting them. They kill wild animals for 20 and other things. Every day many wild animals are killed. So lots of them have died out. We can't see 21 any more. Today wild animals are becoming fewer and 22 . If people don't protect them, they will die out. If this 23 , there will be no animals left on the earth. 24 , many children have begun to know the importance of protecting wild animals. They ask 25 to stop killing them. They also teach persons about the importance of protecting them. So far, many countries 26 some laws to 27 people from killing and eating wild animals. Protecting wild animals is the 28 of each of us. We should try our best to do that, 29 protecting them is protecting 30 . Let’s take action now. 16．A．play B．come C．live 17．A．animals B．plants C．people 18．A．as well as B．always C．also 19．A．real B．very much C．still 20．A．water B．food C．fruit 21．A．it B．they C．them 22．A．less B．fewest C．fewer 23．A．goes on B．comes on C．moves on 24．A．Lucky B．Luckily C．Unlucky 25．A．the other B．another C．others 26．A．have made B．had made C．make 27．A．let B．allow C．keep 28．A．rule B．life C．duty 29．A．because B．though C．so 30．A．myself B．ourselves C．yourselves 本文主要介绍了野生动物的现况，呼吁我们保护野生动物。 16．C【解析】句意：它们和我们一起生活在地球上。play 玩耍；come 来；live 生活。地球是人类 和动物的共同家园。由“They _____ together with us on the earth”可知，野生动物和我们一起生活在地 球上。故选 C。 17．A【解析】句意：没有动物的地球就像没有云的蓝天，没有它们我们也无法生存。animals 动物； plants 植物；people 人们。由上文“Wild animals are important to us”可知，文章是在说动物对人类的重 要性。故选 A。 18．C【解析】句意：没有动物的地球就像没有云的蓝天，没有它们我们也无法生存。as well as 像……一样好；always 总是；also 也。分析上下句可知，此处拿动物对人类的重要性与云朵和蓝天 作类比，表示“没有它们我们也无法生存”的含义，用在句中表示“也”。故选 C。 19．C【解析】句意：但是有些人仍然不知道保护它们的重要性。real 真的；very much 非常；still 仍 然。由下文“They kill wild animals…”可知，动物对人类非常重要，但有些人在猎杀动物，说明有些 人仍然不懂保护动物的重要性。故选 C。 20．B【解析】句意：他们为了食物和其他东西而猎杀野生动物。water 水；food 食物；fruit 水果。 根据常识可知，捕杀野生动物是为了吃或者得到动物身上的其他东西。故选 B。 21．C【解析】句意：我们再也见不到它们了。it 它，人称代词主格或宾格；they 他/她/它们，人称 代词主格；them 他/她/它们，人称代词宾格。由上文“Every day many wild animals are killed. So lots of them have died out”可知，动词 see 后应用代词宾格 them 指代上文中提到的 many wild animals“许多野 生动物”。故选 C。 22．C【解析】句意：今天野生动物越来越少了。less 更少，修饰不可数名词；fewest 最少的，修饰 可数名词；fewer 更少，修饰可数名词。由“Today wild animals are becoming fewer and____”可知，此 处构成“fewer and fewer”短语，意为“越来越少”，修饰可数名词复数 wild animals。故选 C。 23．A【解析】句意：如果这样下去，地球上就没有动物了。goes on 继续；comes on 开始；moves on 前进。由“there will be no animals left on the earth.”可知，如果不保护野生动物的这种情况继续下去， 地球上就没有动物了。故选 A。 24．B【解析】句意：幸运地是，许多孩子已经开始认识到保护野生动物的重要性。lucky 幸运的， 形容词；Luckily 幸运地，副词；Unlucky 不幸运的，形容词。由“many children have begun to know the importance of protecting wild animals”可知，“许多孩子开始认识到保护野生动物的重要性”这是幸运的， 且此处应用副词形式置于句首，修饰整个句子。故选 B。 25．C【解析】句意：他们要求其他人停止杀害它们。the other 两者之中另一个；another 三者或以上 中的另一个；others 其他人或物。由“They ask _____to stop killing them”可知，此处应用代词 others“其 他人”作动词 ask 的宾语。故选 C。 26．A【解析】句意：到目前为止，许多国家已经制定了一些法律来禁止人们捕杀和食用野生动物。 have made 现在完成时；had made 过去完成时；make 一般现在时。由句中 So far 可知，本句为现在 完成时态。故选 A。 27．C【解析】句意：到目前为止，许多国家已经制定了一些法律来阻止人们捕杀和食用野生动物。 let 让；allow 允许；keep 保持。由“____people from killing and eating wild animals”可知，国家制定法 律来防止人们捕杀食用野生动物，keep sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事。故选 C。 28．C【解析】句意：保护野生动物是我们每个人的责任。rule 规则；life 生命；duty 责任。由下文“We should try our best to do that”可知，保护野生动物是我们每个人的责任。故选 C。 29．A【解析】句意：我们应该尽力做到这一点，因为保护它们就是保护我们自己。because 因为；though 尽管；so 因此。上文“我们应尽力做到这一点”和下文“保护它们就是保护我们自己”之间是因果关系， 后者为因，应用 because 连接。故选 A。 30．B【解析】句意：我们应该尽力做到这一点，因为保护它们就是保护我们自己。myself 我自己； ourselves 我们自己；yourselves 你们自己。由“We should try our best…”可知，本句主语为 we，故此 处应为“保护我们自己”。故选 B。 III.阅读理解（共 20 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 40 分） 阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出一个最佳选项 A Air pollution comes from factories, power stations and cars. Chemicals in the smoke from power stations cause a lot of damage（损害；毁坏）. They can travel hundreds of miles in the wind before falling to the ground in the rain. And this “chemical rain” gradually（逐渐地）destroys trees in the forests and kills fish in the lakes. In Germany, over 50% of the country’s trees had been damaged by the year 1986. Time and time again there are serious accidents that pollute the air. In 1986 there was a serious accident at a nuclear power station in Russia. A cloud of radiation flew across the whole Europe. It is said that 125,000 people died in Russia as a result of illness caused by this accident. In 1984 there was a serious accident at a factory in India and a cloud of dangerous gas covered the town of Bhopal. Over 2,500 people were killed that night, and hundreds of thousands of people were injured (受伤 的). Many of the injured lost their sight. 31．Air pollution comes from _____. A．factories B．power stations C．cars D．all of the above 32．According to the passage, which sentence is right? A．Chemicals in the smoke from power stations can’t travel far in the wind. B．“Chemical rain” is good for the trees. C．Chemicals in the smoke from power stations are very safe. D．“Chemical rain” is bad for our environment. 33．In Germany, how many trees had been damaged by the year 1986? A．A quarter. B．A half. C．Three quarters. D．A third. 34．What was the result of the accident that happened in Russia in 1986? A．Over 2,500 people were killed. B．Many people couldn’t walk. C．Many people lost their sight. D．Compared(比较) with the accident in India, more people died. 35．From the sentence “Many of the injured lost their sight.” we can know _____. A．the gas covered the town of Bhopal at that time was poisonous (有毒的) B．gradually the injured could see everything C．many of the injured couldn’t see anything any more D．Both A and C 文章大意: 空气污染来源于工厂、发电站和汽车的尾气。混合于烟雾中的化学物质对自然和人类造成 了极大的伤害。 31．D【解析】细节理解题。由文章的第一句话 Air pollution comes from factories, power stations and cars. 中得知空气污染来自工厂、发电站和汽车。故选 D。 32．D【解析】推理判断题。从 And this“chemical rain”gradually destroys trees in the forests and kills fish in the lakes. 中得知 chemical rain 对环境有害。故选 D。 33．B【解析】推理判断题。根据 In Germany, over 50% of the country’s trees had been damaged by the year 1986.可知，在 1986 年，德国超过百分之五十的树木遭到破坏。因此是一半的树木被破坏，a quarter 四分之一；a half 一半 three quarters 四分之三；a third 三分之一。故选 B。 34．D【解析】推理判断题。根据 It is said that 125,000 people died in Russia as a result of illness caused by this accident.可知，俄国在 1986 年由于这次事故导致的疾病，死去 12 万 5 千人，根据 In 1984 there was a serious accident at a factory in India and a cloud of dangerous gas covered the town of Bhopal. Over 2,500 people were killed that night,可知印度在 1984 年因为工厂的严重事故，导致 2500 多人死去，因 此这两个国家的事故进行比较，俄国死去的人更多。故选 D。 35．D【解析】推理判断题。Over 2,500 people were killed that night, and hundreds of thousands of people were injured (受伤的). Many of the injured lost their sight.可知， lose one’s sight 意为“失明”；人们接触 到这种有害气体导致失明，证明这种气体有毒，故 AC 两项也正确。故选 D。 【点睛】 认真阅读题干，根据题干要求，在文中寻找答案所在的语句或段落，进行分析理解，词义猜测，推 理判断和概括归纳，选出正确的选项 3，根据 In Germany, over 50% of the country’s trees had been damaged by the year 1986.可知，在 1986 年，德国超过百分之五十的树木遭到破坏。因此是一半的树 木被破坏，a quarter 四分之一；a half 一半 three quarters 四分之三；a third 三分之一。故选 B。 B There are some easy things you can do to protect the environment and the earth. Choose ideas from the list or come up with a few of your own. ·Plant flowers, grass or trees. ·Whenever you visit a park or beach, take away what you bring there—keep rubbish in a bag until you can put it in a dustbin. ·Turn off the lights and TV sets when you leave the room. This can save a lot of electricity. ·Turn off the tap when you brush your teeth. You can save some water by not letting it run. Also, use a glass cup instead of a paper cup because this saves paper. ·Keep the doors and windows closed in winter to keep warm air in. ·Give your old books and magazines to a library instead of throwing them away. ·Give your old clothes to poor children you know instead of throwing them away. ·Use both sides of paper. ·Stop pouring dirty water into the rivers or lakes nearby. ·Encourage all your friends to do the same things you do to help protect the earth. You don’t have to wait until Earth Day to do these things. Make every day Earth Day. If everyone makes a contribution to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful. 36．From the above, we know that this is _____. A．a sign B．a proposal (倡议书) C．an advertisement D．a notice 37．The writer tells us _____. A．to throw rubbish in to a dustbin B．to pour dirty water into the rivers C．to save water by not letting it run while brushing our teeth D．that we can’t do all these things until Earth Day 38．We can _____ to save paper. A．use a paper cup B．use both sides of paper C．give old books to a library D．pick up waste paper at a school 39．Which of the following is wrong according to the writer? A．Turn off the lights when you leave the room. B．Close the doors and windows in winter. C．Use a paper cup when you brush your teeth. D．Give your old clothes to the poor children. 40．What’s the best title of the passage? A．Protect the Earth B．Save Water and Electricity C．Make Better Use of Old Things D．Save Money 试题分析：本篇文章是保护环境的一则倡议书。 36．B【解析】综合理解题。本篇文章是保护环境的一则倡议书。故选 B。 37．C【解析】细节理解题。根据 Turn off the tap when you brush your teeth. You can save some water by not letting it run.可知当你刷牙的时候，关闭水龙头叫水不要流，可以节约用水。故选 C。 38．B【解析】细节理解题。根据 Use both sides of paper.可知我们可以用纸的两面来节约用纸，所以 选 B。 39．C【解析】细节理解题。根据 Turn off the tap when you brush your teeth. You can save some water by not letting it run. Also, use a glass cup instead of a paper cup because this saves paper.可知当你刷牙的时 候用玻璃杯代替纸杯因为可以节约纸，所以选 C。 40．A【解析】综合理解题。本篇文章是保护环境的一则倡议书。故选 A。 C It is reported that some developed countries have shipped broken parts of computers to China. Such a thing can be found almost every day although it is against international laws. Last month Hong Kong officers found 131,000 kilograms of broken computers, TVs and phones sent from Japan. Things like these are called electronic waste, or e-waste. Dealing with them is not an easy job because dangerous poisons like mercury（汞）and lead（铅）can be found in them. Every time an old computer breaks down, it needs to be dealt with safely. But at present, broken computer parts are usually buried. It may be hundreds of years before they are really gone in the earth. Many places in China are polluted by e-waste. Guiyu in Guangdong Province is one of them. This town is named as "the e-waste capital of the world". It has to deal with 1.5 million kilograms of e-waste each year, from which it makes 75 million yuan. But it comes at a cost. Many of the poisons in e-waste find their way into the environment. Plastic is burned outdoors and chemical water is poured into rivers. Greenpeace, an environmental group, has found the air, the earth and the rivers in Guiyu badly polluted. The Chinese government wants the country to develop, but in a way that doesn't do harm to the environment and people's life. This year, China passed a new environmental protection law, the strictest one we have ever had. Computer companies like Lenovo and Dell will be asked to take back their old computers. This is because the companies that make computers know best how to deal with them safely. Hopefully, the problem with e-waste will be solved in the near future. 41．The e-waste found in Hong Kong last month was from . A．France B．Japan C．Germany D．Australia 42．The underlined word "buried" probably means ______ in the passage. A．焚烧 B．降解 C．回收 D．掩埋 43．The town of Guiyu in Guangdong Province . A．is the e-capital of the world B．has serious e-waste pollution C．deals with the e-waste safely D．spends much money on e-waste 44．This year, the Chinese government . A．tried to change people's life B．closed some computer companies C．made a new environmental protection law D．asked people to hand in their old computers 45．The passage is mainly about . A．the ways to deal with e-waste B．the cost of burning e-waste C．the e-waste problem in China D．the need to pass a law against e-waste 本文谈论一些国家把电子垃圾运往中国处理，中国很多地方都被电子垃圾污染了。中国通过了一项 新的环境保护法，希望电子垃圾的问题能在不久的将来得到解决。 41．B【解析】细节理解题。根据第 1 段“Last month Hong Kong officers found 131,000 kilograms of broken computers, TVs and phones sent from Japan.”可知，电子垃圾来自日本，故选 B。 42．D【解析】细节理解题。根据第 1 段“It may be hundreds of years before they are really gone in the earth”可知，这些电子垃圾几百年之后才进入土壤，故是被掩埋；故选 D。 43．B【解析】细节理解题。根据第 2 段“This town is named as ‘the e-waste capital of the world’.”可知， 广东贵屿被污染很厉害，故选 B。 44．C【解析】细节理解题。根据第 2 段“This year, China passed a new environmental protection law, the strictest one we have ever had.”可知，今年中国政府出台了法律保护环境，故选 C。 45．C【解析】主旨大意题。本文谈论一些国家把电子垃圾运往中国处理，中国很多地方都被电子垃 圾污染了。中国通过了一项新的环境保护法，希望电子垃圾的问题能在不久的将来得到解决。可知， 本文主要讲述了中国的电子垃圾问题，故选 C。 D Do you often run outdoors to keep healthy? Have you ever thought about how running helps to clean up the earth? Sometimes creative mind can bring us win-win (双赢) situation. Plogging, a new way to exercise, began in Sweden. The name “plogging” comes from two words—the Swedish word “plocka”, which means “to pick up”, and the word “jogging”, which means “to run slowly”. A Swedish man called Eric started the movement. He saw rubbish here and there when riding to work each day. He became worried about the dirty environment and decided not to go to work by bike any more. Instead, he began to run to work and pick up the rubbish at the same time. To his joy, more and more people followed him and soon plogging became popular. Many people choose plogging instead of just jogging because they think plogging is a good way to help clean up the earth. Sometimes rubbish is difficult to collect because it may scatter all around. But if the runners pick up the rubbish on the way, it is quite different. After all, many hands make light work. Another reason is that plogging burns 48 calories (卡路里). According to a reseach, plogging for 10 minutes burns 48 calories, while usual jogging for 10 minutes burns about 39 calories. Everyone on the earth should play a part in cleaning it up! It’s time for us to take action together. So ready? Let’s plog tomorrow! 46．What did Eric do after he saw rubbish everywhere while riding to work? A．He began to pick up the rubbish while running to work every day. B．He kept riding to work every day. C．He didn’t care and did nothing about it. D．He took a bus to work instead of riding every day. 47．Why do people choose plogging? A．Because there are too many bikes in the city. B．Because it is a good way to help clean up the earth and burn more calories. C．Because riding bikes is harmful to their health. D．Because the buses are very busy. 48．What does the underlined word “scatter” mean in Chinese? A．爆炸 B．集中 C．散落 D．消失 49．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．The name “plogging” comes from two English words. B．An English man called Eric started plogging C．Plogging for 10 minutes burns about 84 calories. D．Plogging started in Sweden. 50．What’s the best title of the passage? A．A Bad Habit—Littering B．The Best Sport—Jogging C．A New Way to Exercise—Plogging D．The Best Exercise—Riding 文章介绍了一种新型运动方式，既可以帮助清洁地球，也可以让人们燃烧更多的卡路里。 46．A【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Instead, he began to run to work and pick up the rubbish at the same time.”可知，当埃里克看到随处可见的垃圾以后，他开始跑步去上班，同时捡起他看到的垃圾。 故选 A。 47．B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Many people choose plogging instead of just jogging because they think plogging is a good way to help clean up the earth.Another reason is that plogging burns 48 calories (卡路里). plogging for 10 minutes burns 48 calories, while usual jogging for 10 minutes burns about 39 calories”可知，许多人选择“跑步捡垃圾”这种方式，是因为这样既可以帮助清洁地球，也可以燃烧更 多卡路里。故选 B。 48．C【解析】词义猜测题。根据第三段中“Sometimes rubbish is difficult to collect”和“all around”可知， 垃圾很难收集，因为垃圾可能散落得到处都是，所以划线部分单词意为“散落”。故选 C。 49．D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Plogging, a new way to exercise, began in Sweden.”可知， 这种新型的运动方式起源于瑞典。故选 D。 50．C【解析】选择最佳标题。结合全文可知，文中介绍一种新型的运动方式，既有助于保持环境整 洁，同时也能帮助人们燃烧更多的卡路里来健身，所以文章最佳标题应为 A New Way to Exercise—Plogging。故选 C。 IV.任务型阅读，回答下列问题。（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） Ant Forest has been given the UN’s highest environmental award-Champions of the Earth. The award was set up in 2005 to recognize outstanding(杰出的) people who have had a good influence on the environment. Ant Forest encourages people to have greener lifestyles to better protect the environment. You are encouraged to record your low-carbon footprint(低碳足迹) through daily actions like taking public transport (交通) or paying for electricity, heat and water online. For each action, you receive “green energy” points. When you reach a certain number of points, a real tree is planted. And you can see images (图像) of your trees in real time by satellite (卫星). Ant Forest has turned people’s green good deeds (行为) into real trees. Since its beginning in 2016, Ant Forest has planted around 122 million trees. The trees cover an area of 112000 hectares (公顷) in some of China's driest areas and have saved more than 7 million tons of carbon emissions (排放) from entering the atmosphere(大气层). “Ant Forest shows how technology can change our world,” says Inger Andersen, Executive Director of the United Nations Environment program. “Although the environmental challenges we face are great, we have the technology and the knowledge to overcome (解决) them. The green activities will help create a better world. 51．What’s the purpose (目的) of Ant Forest? _________________________________________ 52．What happens when people get a certain number of “green energy” points? _________________________________________ 53．When was Ant Forest created? _________________________________________ 54．Where can the trees planted by Ant Forest be found? _________________________________________ 55．What does Inger Anderson think can help us overcome environmental problems? ________________________________________ 【答案】 51．To encourage people to better protect the environment. 52．A real tree is planted. 53．In 2016. 54．In some of China's driest areas. 55．The technology and the knowledge we have. 【解析】 本文主要向我们介绍了蚂蚁森林的运作方式和目前取得的成果等。 51．根据第二段中“Ant Forest encourages people to have greener lifestyles to better protect the environment.” 可知，蚂蚁森林鼓励人们以更绿色的生活方式更好地保护环境。故填 To encourage people to better protect the environment. 52．根据第二段中“For each action, you receive “green energy” points. When you reach a certain number of points, a real tree is planted.”可知，每一个动作，你将获得“绿色能源”点数。当你达到一定数量，一棵 真正的树被种植。故填 A real tree is planted. 53．根据第三段中“Since its beginning in 2016, Ant Forest has planted around 122 million trees.”可知，蚂 蚁森林是 2016 年成立的。故填 In 2016. 54．根据第三段中“The trees cover an area of 112000 hectares (公顷) in some of China's driest areas”可知， 这些树可以在中国一些最干旱的地区找到。故填 In some of China's driest areas. 55．根据最后一段中“we have the technology and the knowledge to overcome (解决) them.”可知，英格·安 德森认为我们拥有的技术和知识可以帮助我们克服环境问题。故填 The technology and the knowledge we have. VI.选词填空（共 5 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 5 分） 选择方框中的词，用适当的形式填空。 go eat die think waste Rice, meat, vegetables and fruit…there are many different food choices for us to eat every day. You may 56． that throwing away your leftover food is not a big deal. But you should keep in mind that many people around the world still don’t have enough to eat. In 2015, there were over 1 billion hungry people in the world, according to the United Nations. Many children went to sleep hungry and 15 million of them even 57． from hunger. However, food waste is still a big problem. The average(普通的) person throws away 50 kg of food every year. This means that 1.3 billion tons of food 58． to waste each year. That is more than one third of all the food we make. We could give this leftover food to many people. For example, the food that 59． in Europe would be enough to feed 200 million people! So next time you feel picky(挑剔的) about what you want 60． or can’t finish your meal, you should think twice. There are many others who aren’t so lucky. 本文谈论的话题是食物浪费。主要讲述了世界上有很多人仍处于饥饿状态，所以我们要节约食物， 杜绝浪费。 56．think 句意：你可能认为扔掉吃剩的的食物没有什么大不了的。根据 throwing away your leftover food is not a big deal 扔掉吃剩的食物不是什么大不了的，平常我们很多人都这样想；may 情态动词， 后面接动词原形，故填 think。 57．died 句意：很多孩子饿着肚子睡觉，他们中的 15000000 人甚至死于饥饿。根据 from hunger 因 为饥饿，前面提到有很多孩子睡觉前没有吃饱，根据句中 even 的提示可知，此处说明的应是死于饥 饿，动作发生在过去，动词应用过去式，故填 died。 58．goes 句意：这意味着每年有 13 亿吨食物被浪费掉。根据空后 to waste 可知，空处的词应是动词 go，构成短语 go to waste 被浪费；主语 food 为不可数名词，时态一般现在时，所以动词用三单形式， 故填 goes。 59．is wasted 句意：例如：欧洲浪费的食物足够 2 亿人食用。根据 would be enough to feed 200 million people 能够养活 20 亿人口，所以推测是浪费的这些食物能够养活这些人；分析句子成分可知，空处 的词是定语从句的谓语动词；且动词“浪费 waste”和主语“食物 the food”之间是被动关系，时态为一 般现在时，故填 is wasted。 60．to eat 句意：所以下次你想吃什么或者吃不完的时候，你要三思。根据 what you want 想要做的， 本文通篇在讲述食物相关的话题，所以是想要吃的东西，want to do sth 表示想要做某事，故填 to eat。 书面表达（共 1 小题；满分 15 分） 61． 当前我国正致力于建设“节约型”社会，倡导节约，抵制浪费。作为学生我们也能做些 力所能及旳事情，如步行或骑自行车上学；随手关水、断电；减少物品的使用用废旧物品的回收、 再利用等。请根据要求和提示完成主题为“How to save”的文章，号召更多的人加入到“节约”的行动中 来。开头、结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 要求：80 词左右。 提示：tap 水龙头；uneaten food/leftovers 剩余饭菜 How to save ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 【范文】 How to save Our government is trying to build an “economized society”. It is our duty to work hard to achieve this goal. As students, we should do something to help. First, we'd better save more water, paper and electricity. Next, we should take our own bags while shopping instead of using plastic bags from supermarkets. Then we don’t waste food. We’d better eat up all the food when we have meals. And don’t throw the uneaten food everywhere. Finally, we'd better go to school on foot or ride a bike instead of taking a car. In a word, I think one thing we should keep in mind is that no matter what small efforts we make, they do make a difference. 【解析】 1.题干解读：该题目属于话题作文。要求以 How to save 为题，结合所给提示完成作文并进行适当拓 展。 2.写作指导：本文时态以一般现在时为主，在写作时第一段点题，我们应该投入到“节约”中；第二段 详述我们具体可以怎么做；第三段总结，每个人的小行动都可以产生大影响。写作时注意语句通顺、 语法正确、语意完整。