【英语】2018届二轮复习短文语法填空专题训练10篇之八（含有解析）学案（16页word版） 18页

‎ 2018届二轮复习 短文语法填空专题训练10篇之八 ‎ 【1】 ‎ This summer I travelled from noisy Beijing to Wuzhen, a beautiful village in Zhejiang Province.Unfolded before me was __1__ unique image of this water country — the stone bridge and the water flowing, all like fairy tales to me.‎ However, __2__ impressed me most was not the natural scenery but the scene of a grandma bathing a little baby in a wooden basin with the door open.My friends couldn’t help __3__ (take) pictures of them.To my surprise, the grandma smiled and waved at us.All of a sudden, my heart was filled with __4__ (warm)．‎ I shared the photo and my __5__ (forget) experience with my friends.They were __6__ (simple) moved as I was, but at the same time they reminded me of the unpleasant experiences in big cities.We feel embarrassed to see people quarrelling in public because they __7__ (step) on accidentally by strangers.‎ According to a recent survey __8__ (make) in November 2017: 45 percent of the residents don’t know the names of their neighbors；63 percent have never devoted __9__ (they) to talking to their neighbors; 67 percent think that the relationship between them and their neighbors is just soso, or even bad.‎ Wouldn’t it be beautiful to say hello to our neighbors who just came back __10__ work and give them a smile?‎ ‎1．a　image ‎ 是可数名词，且第一次在语境中出现，故用不定冠词修饰，且unique的读者不是以元音音素开头的，故用不定冠词a。‎ ‎2．what　what引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语，表示物的概念。‎ ‎3．taking　固定搭配：can’t help doing sth.意为“情不自禁做某事”，故用动名词作宾语。‎ ‎4．warmth　介词后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故用名词warmth作介词with的宾语。‎ ‎5．unforgettable　修饰名词一般用形容词，且此处与第二段呼应，作者和朋友们分享的是难忘的经历，故用形容词unforgettable，在句子中作定语。‎ ‎6．simply　修饰形容词应用副词，故用副词simply在句子中作状语。‎ ‎7．are stepped　根据语境中by的提示可知，此处表示被动概念，且由句中feel的时态可知，应用一般现在时的被动语态，即are stepped。‎ ‎8．made　make 和其逻辑主语survey之间构成动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。‎ ‎9．themselves　固定搭配：devote oneself to，意为“专心于；致力于”，此处用反身代词themselves作宾语。‎ ‎10．from　根据语境可知，此处表示下班后回来，故用介词from，意为“从……”。‎ ‎ 【2】‎ I had two boxes in my hands which God gave me __1__ (hold)．He said，“Put all your sorrows in the black box, and all your __2__ (joy) in the gold box.” I listened to his advice, and in the two boxes I stored both my joys and sorrows.The gold one became __3__ (heavy) each day, while the black one was as light as before.With __4__ (curious), I opened the black one; I wanted to find out why.And I saw, in the base of the box, a hole which __5__ (I) sorrows had fallen out through.I showed the hole to God, and thought about it __6__ (careful) for a long time, “I wonder __7__ my sorrows could be.” He smiled a gentle smile __8__ said，“My child, they’re all here with me.” I asked God why he gave me __9__ boxes, and why the black one __10__ (have) a hole.“My child, the gold one is for you to count your blessings; the black one is for you to let go.”‎ ‎1．to hold　hold和定语从句中的谓语gave之间没有连词，故此处用不定式作后置定语。‎ ‎2．joys　空处与sorrows形成呼应，故用名词的复数形式joys，下文的“my joys and sorrows”也是信息提示。‎ ‎3．heavier　根据while的提示可知，前后句表示逻辑上的对比关系，且与each day呼应，故用形容词比较级作表语。‎ ‎4．curiosity　介词后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故此处用名词curiosity作介词With的宾语。‎ ‎5．my　此处用形容词性物主代词修饰名词sorrows，在句子中作定语。‎ ‎6．carefully　副词修饰动词、副词、形容词或者整个句子，在句子中作状语，故此处用副词carefully修饰动词thought。‎ ‎7．where　结合下文的“My child, they’re all here with me.”可推知，作者疑惑的是自己的悲伤的去向，故用where引导宾语从句，在从句中作地点状语。‎ ‎8．and　根据语境可知，动词smiled和said表示的是两个连续的动作，故用连词and。‎ ‎9．the　boxes不是第一次在文章中出现，故用定冠词the修饰，表示特指。‎ ‎10．had　根据全文内容可知，文章讲述的是发生在过去的事情，故此处用have的过去式形式。‎ ‎ 【3】‎ Chengdu has been making a name for itself in Western countries in recent years, as the city has moved to __1__ (strength) its cultural exchanges with the rest of the world.Chengdu Week __2__ (host) in Madrid in January as a major activity of the 2017 Happy Spring Festival in Spain, __3__ is an annual event held by the Chinese embassy in Spain to celebrate __4__ traditional Spring Festival holiday with overseas Chinese, locals and other visitors.It was the first time that the Chinese embassy had __5__ (patient) introduced a city to the traditional Lunar New Year celebration.‎ During the festival, classic regional art forms such as paper cutting, shadow plays and face changing opera performances were __6__ display at the famous Plaza Mayor in Madrid.“The performances are so __7__ (amaze) that I want to buy a ticket to Chengdu right now，” said ‎ Manuela Carmena, mayor of Madrid, during the event.Mayor Carmena said that the two cities shared __8__ (similar) in many aspects and she hoped two cities could have __9__ (far) exchanges than before in tourism and culture.Chengdu has become more closely tied to Spain since a direct flight between Madrid __10__ Chengdu was launched on December 17.‎ 语篇解读：近年来，成都通过文化交流，大大提升了在世界上的影响力。本文介绍了2017年春节期间在西班牙举办的成都(文化)周，剪纸、变脸等传统艺术和表演引起了轰动。‎ ‎1．strengthen　空后是名词结构，所以此处用动词，和空前的to构成动词不定式结构。故填strengthen。‎ ‎2．was hosted　设空处在句中作谓语，和主语Chengdu Week之间是被动关系，且根据时间状语in January可知，动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was hosted。‎ ‎3．which　分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Happy Spring Festival，指物，且在从句中作主语，故用which引导该从句。‎ ‎4．the　此处特指传统的中国春节假期，用定冠词the。‎ ‎5．patiently　设空处修饰谓语动词introduced，作状语，应用副词。故填patiently。‎ ‎6．on　on display为固定搭配，意为“展览；展出”。故填on。‎ ‎7．amazing　设空处在系动词are后作表语，主语为The performances，前有副词so修饰，所以用amazing，意为“‎ 惊人的；了不起的”。‎ ‎8．similarities　设空处作谓语动词shared的宾语，应用名词；similarity为可数名词，所以用复数形式。‎ ‎9．further　根据后面的标志词than可知，此处用比较级。‎ ‎10．and　between ...and ...为固定搭配，意为“在……和……之间”。‎ ‎ 【4】‎ With only about 1,800 ones left in the wild, all giant pandas are precious.However, Qizai, __1__ sevenyearold panda that lives at the Foping Panda Valley in China’s Shaanxi Province, is even more so.That’s because he is among a handful of giant pandas __2__ (know) to be the only one __3__ brown and white fur in the reserve.The 220pound Qizai has become a superstar, and many __4__ (toy) in his color have been made.However, life has not always been easy for him.‎ It was when he was just two months old that Qizai was abandoned by his mother.He spent his early years at the Shaanxi Rare Wildlife Rescue Center.Then he __5__ (send) to his current home, __6__ there were many other giant pandas.However, the other pandas seemed __7__ (dislike) him and often bullied (欺负) him by stealing his bamboo.‎ Researchers are not sure why Qizai has different fur.Some assume that the brown fur is a result of a gene problem and __8__ think that it is due to climate.__9__ (hopeful), scientists will be able to make a __10__ (discover) by observing Qizai’s children.‎ 语篇解读：世界上只有1‎ ‎ 800只野生大熊猫，因此它们弥足珍贵，而拥有棕色皮毛的大熊猫七仔则更加稀有。‎ ‎1．a　分析句子结构可知，此处________ sevenyearold panda是Qizai的同位语，且句中panda是单数，故填不定冠词a，表泛指。‎ ‎2．known　句意：那是因为我们都知道它是保护区内一群大熊猫中唯一一只有着棕白相间的毛色的大熊猫。设空处在句中作定语，修饰pandas，且逻辑主语pandas与动词know之间为被动关系，故填过去分词known。‎ ‎3．with　句意见上一题解析。根据句意可知，这只大熊猫具有这样的特征。with有“具有；带有”的意思。故填with。‎ ‎4．toys　toy为可数名词，其前有many修饰，故应用复数形式。故填toys。‎ ‎5．was sent　设空处为主句的谓语，send与主语he之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；根据上一句时态可知，此处为发生在过去的事情，故用一般过去时。故填was sent。‎ ‎6．where　分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词home，从句中缺少地点状语，故填where。‎ ‎7．to dislike　seem后接动词不定式，故填to dislike。‎ ‎8．others　some ...others ...是固定搭配，意为“一些……另一些……”，故填others。‎ ‎9．Hopefully　设空处在句中作评注性状语，要用副词形式。故填Hopefully。‎ ‎10．discovery　不定冠词后接可数名词单数，故填discovery。‎ ‎ 【5】‎ We want everyone to respect us.Do we respect everyone around us? The answer is a big NO! We don’t respect __1__we think is better than us, we don’t respect poor and old people, and we don’t respect who we feel is less better __2__ us.So how can we win respect? The easiest way __3__ (gain) respect is by giving respect.‎ Winning respect might be difficult but not impossible.Don’t use bad language.Being __4__ (help) and listening to someone are a sign of giving respect and __5__ (win) respect as well.With patience and practice, you can get any kind of virtue.‎ Flowers are the main __6__ (attract) of any type of decoration and in the same way respect is the beauty of life.Life is terrible __7__ respect.Just think whenever you go to a party, everyone there is not treated equally.Do you know why? Because of __8__ (they) manners.‎ Why are we not treated sometimes as __9__ (expect)? Because we do the same to others who have expectations from us.Relationship can be healthy if we never cross the walls of respect.‎ Without respect, you can’t live.You need respect everywhere, in life, in work, in society or in family.A respected person __10__ (speak) politely.‎ ‎1．who　空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语，且主语是人，we think是插入语，不影响句子结构，故应填who。‎ ‎2．than　根据空前的better可知，此处为比较级，故应填介词than。‎ ‎3．to gain　此处为不定式作后置定语，修饰名词way，故填to gain。‎ ‎4．helpful　由Being可知，此处应填一个形容词，故填helpful。‎ ‎5．winning　介词后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故此处用winning作介词of的宾语。‎ ‎6．attraction　根据空前的the main和空后的of可推知，此处应填一个名词，故填attraction。‎ ‎7．without　根据上文的“respect is the beauty of life”可推知，没有尊重的生活是可怕的，故用介词without，后跟名词respect，表示“没有尊重”。‎ ‎8．their　此处应用形容词性物主代词their修饰名词manners，在句子中作定语。‎ ‎9．expected　as expected为固定搭配，意为“正如期望的那样”。‎ ‎10．speaks　全文主体时态为一般现在时，故此处也用一般现在时，且主语A respected person为第三人称单数意义，故用speaks。‎ ‎ 【6】‎ In Hangzhou, borrowing books from the library is now as simple as shopping online: click, pay __1__ wait for delivery.‎ The city’s public library recently launched a program on WeChat, __2__ popular Chinese messaging software，enabling its readers to check out books online and get them __3__ (deliver) to their homes at low prices.‎ To enjoy the “Hangzhou enjoyable reading” service, one first needs ‎ to follow the library’s official WeChat account, __4__ provides a list of books.After picking books, borrowers are required __5__ (present) their information such as their library membership cards, cellphone numbers and so on.The selected items will be delivered by express within three days after payments.Each reader can borrow up to 5 books once and 20 books at most __6__ total.The books can be kept for up to 40 days.Readers now can borrow the library’s most popular books in this way.The online books will be renewed and enriched __7__ (gradual) according to readers’ borrowing habits and __8__ (prefer)．At the end of December, the library’s old and classic books __9__ (put) online too, making the total number of books available and bringing borrowers a lot of __10__ (convenient)．‎ 语篇解读：本文介绍了杭州公共图书馆在微信平台开放网上借书，并可以送书到家，和网上购物一样方便。‎ ‎1．and　click, pay与wait为并列的三个动词，最后两个动词之间用and连接。故填and。‎ ‎2．a　此处泛指“一个流行的中文通信软件”，应用不定冠词a。‎ ‎3．delivered　此处为“get＋宾语＋宾补”结构，them指代books，与deliver之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作宾补。get sth.done表示“使某物被做……”。故填delivered。‎ ‎4．which　设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为account，指物，故应用which引导该从句。‎ ‎5．to present　require sb.to do sth.意为“需要/要求某人做某事”，为固定搭配。此处为其被动结构，故填to present。‎ ‎6．in　in total意为“总共”，为固定短语。故填in。‎ ‎7．gradually　设空处修饰动词renewed和enriched，应用副词。故填gradually。‎ ‎8．preferences　设空处和名词habits并列，用and连接，故设空处应用名词复数。故填preferences。‎ ‎9．will be put　根据时间状语At the end of December可知用一般将来时，且put和books之间为被动关系，故用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be put。‎ ‎10．convenience　设空处作动词bring的宾语，应用名词。故填convenience。‎ ‎ 【7】‎ When Dad told me I was going to take a scuba diver training course, I was really excited.I thought I’d be like those people on TV, __1__ (play) with fish.‎ In the pool, Rob, my instructor, demanded that we do what he did.One of the drills __2__ (be) to take our masks off at the bottom of the deep end, replace them, __3__ clear them of water.I wasn’t doing that because I couldn’t open my eyes underwater or keep water out of my nose.I __4__ (terrify) and made excuse after excuse about __5__ I couldn’t do it.Rob walked over and said, “Alaya, you don’t have to do this if you don’t want to.Nobody is forcing you.” Though I said I wasn’t going to do it, my __6__ (foot) carried me toward the pool.‎ With my eyes tightly __7__ (close), I dived in and made my way to __8__ other end.The water felt unnatural against my face.I __9__ (quick)‎ ‎ threw on my mask and started clearing it of water.Rob gave me thumbs up.I learned a big lesson: there is nothing to fear but fear __10__ (it)．‎ 语篇解读：本文主要讲述了作者初次学潜水的经历及感悟。‎ ‎1．playing　play和从句谓语之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词。play和从句主语I之间构成主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语。‎ ‎2．was　根据上文的demanded和本文的整体时态，此处用一般过去时。‎ ‎3．and　根据语境可知，take off, replace和clear是三个连续的动作，故填连词and。‎ ‎4．was terrified　sb.is/was terrified表示“某人感到害怕”，再结合下文的made excuse可知，应填was terrified。‎ ‎5．why　根据语境可知，此处表示逻辑上的因果关系，故用why引导宾语从句，在从句中作原因状语。‎ ‎6．feet　foot是可数名词，此处指作者的“双脚”把作者带向游泳池，故用复数形式。‎ ‎7．closed　此处是with复合结构，即：with＋名词/代词＋非谓语动词，在句子中作状语。close和其逻辑主语my eyes之间构成动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。‎ ‎8．the　根据语境可知，此处表示“另一端”，故用定冠词the。‎ ‎9．quickly　应用副词quickly修饰动词。‎ ‎10．‎ itself　此处应填代词itself作第二个fear的同位语，表示强调。‎ ‎ 【8】‎ In human history, many ancient and splendid civilizations were born and died.China is the only country __1__ uninterrupted human civilization.Chinese civilization was born on the shores of the Yellow River.And the rich land __2__ Chinese civilization began is Henan Province.‎ The Yellow River goes across __3__ (center) Henan.It is China’s main northtosouth and easttowest artery (干线)．China’s most ancient tribal __4__ (lead), the Yellow Emperor and the Yan Emperor, were born here.Even today, Chinese people all over the world still __5__ (proud) call themselves the descendants (后裔) of these two emperors.‎ The river holds __6__ unshakable position in the heart of every Chinese, __7__ (respect) by every generation and called “the Mother River”．With intelligence, hard work and determination, Chinese descendants pursue coexistence and common prosperity on this land.The 5,464kmlong Yellow River breaks the last barrier and flows into the broad plain, __8__ (form) the cradle (摇篮) of Chinese civilization.‎ Till now, the Yellow River __9__ (raise) 13 dynasties’ capital Luoyang, 8 dynasties’ capital Kaifeng and the biggest economic center in __10__ (it) area — Zhengzhou.‎ ‎1．with　句意：中国是唯一一个拥有未被打断过的人类文明的国家。此处表示“有”，故填介词with。‎ ‎2．where　分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导定语从句，且在从句中作地点状语，故填where。‎ ‎3．central　空处位于专有名词Henan前面，应填一个形容词作定语，表示“中心的”。故填central。‎ ‎4．leaders　句意：中国最早的部落首领炎黄二帝诞生于此。根据句意可知，此处应填复数名词leaders“首领，领袖”。‎ ‎5．proudly　空处修饰动词call，故用副词proudly。‎ ‎6．an　position“位置”是可数名词，此处表泛指，故填不定冠词；且空处位于发音以元音音素开头的单词前，应用an。‎ ‎7．respected　分析句子结构可知，respect与The river之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填respected。‎ ‎8．forming　分析句子结构可知，form与句子主语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作结果状语。‎ ‎9．has raised　由句中的时间状语可知，此处应用现在完成时强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响。‎ ‎10．its　分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作定语，修饰area，故填its。‎ ‎ 【9】‎ Felicity Miller, a 32yearold British woman, __1__ has a Chinese husband, still remembers the __2__ (excite) when she first learned to use the “red packet” function on WeChat in 2015.She sent and grabbed some red packets in her Chinese family’s group.The rule in her family was that ‎ the __3__ (high) amount sent the next.‎ Attracted by the unique way of communicating, many foreigners __4__ (join) in sending and grabbing red packets so far.Usually, the money in each packet is random.Thus the amount of money one can grab __5__ (large) depends on his or her luck, from 0.01 yuan to less than 200 yuan.Many foreigners get more familiar __6__ Chinese culture through “red packets”．Two years ago, when Felicity Miller was sent 5.20 or 8.88 yuan red packets, she had no clue about the __7__ (hide) meanings.Now, she has not only known about them, but also has sent a few.‎ However, the popularity of virtual red packets doesn’t stop people sending paper red packets __8__ (contain) real cash during the Spring Festival.It __9__ (call) lucky money.In Chinese tradition, people take giving children lucky money as __10__ blessing.‎ 语篇解读：许多外国人通过“微信红包”更加熟悉中国文化。但是真正的纸质红包并未被替代，在春节时人们给孩子压岁钱以表示对孩子的祝福。‎ ‎1．who　分析本句结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词为a 32yearold British woman，故用who引导该定语从句。‎ ‎2．excitement　根据空前的定冠词the可知，空处用名词形式。‎ ‎3．highest　根据语境并结合常识可知，抢到红包金额最高的人要发下一个红包，故用最高级。‎ ‎4．have joined　根据该句中的“so far”可知，到目前为止，已经有许多外国人被“微信红包”‎ 这一特殊的交流方式吸引，并参与了抢红包和发红包。据此可知，本句用现在完成时。‎ ‎5．largely　空处修饰动词短语“depends on”，故用副词形式。‎ ‎6．with　许多外国人通过“微信红包”更加熟悉中国文化。get familiar with为固定搭配，意为“熟悉……”。‎ ‎7．hidden　Felicity Miller不知道这两个数字背后隐藏的意义。根据空前的冠词the和空后的名词meanings可知，此处应用形容词作定语，故填hidden。‎ ‎8．containing　paper red packets和动词contain之间是主谓关系且contain与句子谓语之间无连词，故用现在分词短语作名词paper red packets的后置定语。‎ ‎9．is called　这种纸质的红包被称为“压岁钱”。根据句意可知，主语It 和动词call之间为动宾关系，故用被动语态；本句陈述的是一般现象，故用一般现在时。‎ ‎10．a　人们将给孩子压岁钱作为一种祝福。此处泛指“一种祝福”，故用不定冠词。‎ ‎ 【10】‎ Women are starting to take power in more and more important positions in recent years.__1__ to a new list made by AFP, the __2__ (world) 10 most powerful women who made their way above the “glass ceiling”， __3__ (include) the U．S.’ first female presidential nominee (候选人) Hillary Clinton and Director General of the World Health Organization, Margaret Chan.‎ There is something interesting with the AFP list: A majority of the ‎ 10 women are over 60, the age __4__ some women become grandmothers.In fact, this might be the best proof of how aging — a factor that has always been considered as a(n) __5__ (advantage) — has begun to turn into a strong point, for women.‎ The reasons behind the phenomenon may include that today’s older women are __6__ (well) educated and more __7__ (experience) than any generations before.‎ It is also because of society’s changing opinion about __8__ women can achieve — after raising kids and running family lives for years, older women are now more likely to start again instead of retiring into __9__ peaceful life of cooking and gardening.‎ In fact, this changing atmosphere in gender equality is spreading all over the world and across women __10__ all ages.‎ 语篇解读：由于社会不断变化的观念，女性不再像旧时那样带孩子和照顾家庭，而是越来越融入社会并有了一定的社会地位，甚至近几年出现像希拉里和陈冯富珍这样在政治上占有一席地位的女性。‎ ‎1．According　according to意为“根据”，为固定短语。故填According。‎ ‎2．world’s　定冠词the后修饰的中心词是名词women，设空处作定语，应用名词所有格，故填world’s。‎ ‎3．include　分析句子结构可知，who made their way above the “glass ceiling”为定语从句，主语women后缺谓语，陈述的是客观事实，故用一般现在时。故填include。‎ ‎4．when　设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the ‎ age，且在从句中作时间状语，故用关系副词when引导该定语从句。‎ ‎5．disadvantage　句意：实际上，对于女性来说，这可能是年龄——一个通常被认为是劣势的因素——如何变成优点的最好证明。介词as及冠词a(n)后的中心词应为名词单数形式，根据句意可知填disadvantage。‎ ‎6．better　根据句中的than可知，此处应用比较级。故填better。‎ ‎7．experienced　根据空前的and可知设空处和educated为平行关系，在系动词are后用作表语，应用形容词，且修饰人，故填experienced。‎ ‎8．what　介词about后接宾语从句，且从句中缺宾语，设空处表示“……的东西；……的事情”。故填what。‎ ‎9．a　life在此表示“生活”，为可数名词，此处泛指“一种平静的生活”，因此，其前用不定冠词a。‎ ‎10．of　名词ages前有限定词all，故设空处只能填介词，表示“……的”。故填of。‎