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- 2023-12-25 发布
cloze
2019
届高考
完形填空
解题技巧
一、完形填空的起源与运用
完形填空法（
the close procedure
）
的产生与格式塔
心理学（
Gestalt psychology
）有着密切的关系。格
式塔心理学特别注重作为整体的经验模式（
Gestalt
psychology is especially concerned with patterns of
experience as wholes.
）。
它强调：不能通过对各部分的分析来认识整体。
要理解整体的全部性质，就必须“自上而下”地分
析整体结构到各个组成部分的特性。
完形填空题的创始人：
威尔逊
·
泰勒（
Wilson Taylor
）
“
完形填空并不直接涉及特定的意思。它只
是反复地从两种语言模式的相似之处取样：
一种是写的人表达自己的思想的语言模式，
另一种是反映读的人根据自己的理解作出的
猜测的语言模式。
”
二、完形填空题的解题方法
完形填空题是测试话语水平的题型。根据完
形填空法的基本理论，我国在高考
NMET
的
测试中使用完形填空题的主要目的在于考察
考生的短文阅读理解能力。
威尔逊
·
泰勒说：“完形填空所涉及的是一系
列与上下文相联系的空白， 而不是孤立的
空白。”
跳过空格，通读全文， 把握大意
再读全文，反复检查
结合选项，综合考虑，初定答案
瞻前顾后，先易后难， 个个击破
完形填空的解题总则
把握整体
具体分析
四
.
完形填空的解题方法
１．充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有时可能是同义词或反义词。
2.
注意固定的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名
词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容
选择正确的短语。
3.
注意同义词的辨义
４
.
根据动作的发出者确定所选的词
5.
根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项
6.
根据生活常识以及相关知识确定选项
7 .
根据作者的态度，观点，情绪来确定相关选项
１．充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有时可能是同义词或反义词。
完形填空
解题技巧
１．
The amount of usable water has always been of great
interest in the world.
２１
springs and streams sometimes
means control, particularly in the
22
areas like the
desert.
21
．
A
．
Using B
．
Holding C
．
Owning D
．
Finding
22
．
A
．
dry B
．
distant C
．
deserted D
．
wild
２．
The
33
water supply forecast is based more on the water from the
34
than from the below. 33
．
A
．
correct B
．
further C
．
average
D
．
early 34
．
A
．
clouds B
．
sky C
．
air D
．
above
３．
In 1964 Shirley graduated from Gallaudet and looked
for
_44_.She wanted to be _45_ and work full time.
44.A.information
B.help
C.a job
D.an assistant
45.A.happy B.independent C.free
D.confident
１．充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用
的词或句。这些词有时可能是同义词或反义词。
4. The stone men face
41,
rather than out to sea, and their
eyes are focused upon the sky.
41. A. forward B. outward C. onward D. inward
5.The art experts who work at the gallery say they
used modern chemistry technology to
45
the paint on the
picture. These checks found traces(
痕迹
) of paint deep in
the picture
46
about 1814.
45. A. try B. remove C. wash D. check
A. looking back B. dating from
C. getting along D. starting with
2.
注意固定的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名
词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容
选择正确的短语。
１
.He’d
36
his life brewing beer for local breweries
only to make a living,
37
had his father and grand
－
father before him.
36
．
A. cost
B. spent
C. take
D. paid
37
．
A. like
B. as if
C. so
D. nor
２
.I called my beer Samuel Adams,
51
the brewer and
patriot
（爱国者）
who helped to start the Boston Tea party.
51
A. for
B. at
C. in
D. after
2.
注意固定的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名
词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容
选择正确的短语。
３．
He didn’t hear the bell for he was completely
in reading the newspaper.
A. interested B centered C addicted D absorbed
3.
注意同义词的辨义
1.Her face was familiar to me, but I could not 8. r_______
where and how I had seen her.
2.All at once I 10. r_______ where I had seen her.
3.Then I explained that I had 13. r________ her from the
photo I found in the purse
.
emeber
ealized
ecognized
4.Since their
43,
these huge stone men
44
one of the greatest
mysteries of all time. Who built them?
43. A. looking B. invention C. discovery D. covering
44. A. have happened B. have led to
C. have taken place D. have created
3.
注意同义词的辨义
5.The trainer
44
it was useless trying to finish. He
called to Trudy to
45
.
44
．
A. thought B. considered C. decided D. felt
45
．
A. keep up B. slow down C. give up D. take a rest
6.The forest began to disappear, which
53
all the animals
dying out.
53. A. resulted in B. resulted from C. created D. lay in
４
.
根据动作的发出者确定所选的词
1) And video cameras can be used to ______ people's actions at home.
A. keep B. make C. record D. watch
2) The watch, which Mrs Smith had ______ on the table as she started her lecture, disappeared.
A. seen B. dropped C. found D. laid
3) When the papers were ______ she discovered that twelve boys had made exactly the same mistakes throughout the test.
A. collected B. completed C. marked D. answered
5.
根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项
1.The explorers found that the island had good soil
37
the
200 natives living there survived with little food.
37. A. and B. but C. however D. still
2.Her father had
36
her two things. One was not to pull her out of the water
37
she asked.
36
．
A. given B. refused C. allowed D. promised
37
．
A. as B. unless C. even if D. when
3.So, at 24 I decided to drop out.
42
, my parents didn’t
think this was a great idea.
42
．
A. Fortunately B. Obviously C. Possibly D. Properly
6.
根据生活常识以及相关知识确定选项
1.in 1967 she was asked to work at Gallaudet University as
a dorm supervisor(
宿舍监管员
). Shirley supervised young
women who
_47_
in the university during the school year.
47. A. worked B. studied C. lived D. played
2.Interest is
35
in the ways to increase rainfall by
man-made methods, and to get water from the winter
snow on mountain
36
.
35
．
A
．
raising B
．
rising C
．
building D
．
lasting
36
．
A
．
rocks B
．
tips C
．
cops D
．
trees
7 .
根据作者的
态度，观点，情绪
来确定相关选项
１．
Life is very
55
, so don’t rush to make decisions.
Life doesn’t let you plan.
55
．
A. hard
B. busy
C. short
D. long
２．
Dr. Shirley Jeanne Allen has traveled many roads and
_54_
many rainbows searching for her dream. With
courage and
_55_,
she never gave up.
54.A.found B. watched
C. followed D. appreciated
55.A.determination
B. intelligence C. strength D. pride
３．
This is
39
the most important character of creative
people is a very strong
40
to find a way out of trouble.
39
．
A
．
why B
．
for C
．
how D
．
because
40
．
A
．
desire B
．
inspire C
．
influence D
．
attitude
4. “Well, Pop, ”she said to her father. “I
55
I get my
car this time, don’t I?”
55
．
A. demand B. am afraid C. hope D. guess
7 .
根据作者的
态度，观点，情绪
来确定相关选项
文章首句要重视，全篇理解有启示。
记叙体裁为主体，通读全文明意旨。
填空多是实意词，四个选项巧设计，
词类范畴必同一。确定最佳靠逻辑，
字里行间找信息。个别填空借常识，
相近词义细辨析，习惯用法靠记忆，
复读反思再核实。
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