高考英语一轮复习第1部分Module1OurBodyandHealthyHabits课时作业外研版必修2 8页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 Module 1 Our Body and Healthy Habits Ⅰ.完形填空 导学号 58082134 (2016·北京卷) A Race Against Death It was a cold January in 1925 in North Alaska.The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow. On the 20th of that month, Dr.Welch __1.A__ a sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly infectious (传染的) disease mainly affecting children.The children of Nome would be __2.B__ if it struck the town.Dr.Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick. __3.D__ ， the closest supply was over 1,000 miles away, in Anchorage. How could the medicine get to Nome? The town's __4.D__ was already full of ice, so it couldn't come by ship.Cars and horses couldn't travel on the __5.B__ roads.Jet airplanes and big trucks didn't exist yet. __6.C__ January 26, Billy and three other children had died.Twenty more were __7.D__ .Nome's town officials came up with a (n) __8.A__ .They would have the medicine sent by __9.B__ from Anchorage to Nenana.From there, dogsled (狗拉雪橇) drivers—known as “mushers”—would __10.A__ it to Nome in a relay (接力) ． The race began on January 27.The first musher, Shannon, picked up the medicine from the train at Nenana and rode all night. __11.C__ he handed the medicine to the next musher, Shannon's face was black from the extreme cold. On January 31, a musher named Seppala had to __12.D__ a frozen body of water called Norton Sound.It was the most __13.C__ part of the journey.Norton Sound was covered with ice，which could sometimes break up without warning.If that happened, Seppala might fall into the icy water below.He would __14.D__ ，and so would the sick children of Nome.But Seppala made it across. A huge snowstorm hit on February 1.A musher named Kaasen had to brave this storm.At one point, huge piles of snow blocked his __15.C__ .He had to leave the trail (雪 橇痕迹) to get around them.Conditions were so bad that it was impossible for him to __16.A__ the trail again.The only hope was Balto, Kaasen's lead dog.Balto put his nose to the ground， __17.B__ to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 the trail.If Balto failed, it would mean disaster for Nome.The minutes passed by.Suddenly，Balto began to __18.A__ .He had found the trail. At 5 30 am on February 2, Kaasen and his dog __19.D__ in Nome.Within minutes, Dr.Welch had the medicine.He quickly gave it to the sick children.All of them recovered. Nome had been __20.B . 文章大意：这是一篇记叙文。Nome 小镇的孩子们感染了白喉病。为了挽救孩子们，一些 勇士们展开了雪橇接力赛，冒着危险，日夜兼程地把药品安全运到小镇上，孩子们最终得救 了。 1．A.examined B．warned C．interviewed D．cured [解析] 根据下文中的“and knew he had diphtheria”可知，应填 examine“检查 (身 体) ”，表示 Dr.Welch 给一个生病的男孩做了检查。 2．A.harmless B．helpless C．fearless D．careless [解析] 上文说这种病主要传染给孩子，下文说如果这种病袭击这个镇子，因此根据语 境，应选 B，表示如果发生这种情况的话，那么这里的孩子们就会很无助了。helpless 表示 “无助的，无能为力的”。 3．A.Moreover B．Therefore C．Otherwise D．However [解析] 上下文语境表示转折含义，因此选 D，表示“然而，可是”，指可是最近的供 应物也远在一千多英里之外。 4．A.airport B．station C．harbor D．border [解析] 下文说用船只送药的方法不可行，因此这里选 C，指这个小镇中船只进出的港 口已经被冰覆盖。harbor“港口”。 5．A.narrow B．snowy C．busy D．dirty [解析] 根据语境和上文的“full of ice”可知，这里说的是汽车和马不能在被雪覆盖 的道路上行进，因此选 B 表示“被雪覆盖的”。 6．A.From B．On C．By D．After [解析] 根据下文的“had died”可知，此处表示在 1 月 26 日之前，Billy 和其他三个 孩子已经死去了。故用 by 表示“在……之前，到……为止”。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 7．A.tired B．upset C．pale D．sick [解析] 这里表示还有 20 个孩子染病了，因此选 D 表示“生病的”。 8．A.plan B．excuse C．message D．topic [解析] 根据语境可知，此处指小镇的政府官员提出了一个解决方案，因此选 A 表示“计 划，方案”。 9．A.air B．rail C．sea D．road [解析] 前面提到道路积雪，港口冰冻，且当时还没有喷气式飞机，因此可排除 A、C、 D 三项，应选 B。下文的“from the trainat Nenana”亦是提示。 10．A.carry B．return C．mail D．give [解析] 根据语境，这里应用 carry 表示“运送”，描述狗拉雪橇运送药品到目的地的 动作。 11．A.Though B．Since C．When D．If [解析] 根据句意，此处应用 When 引导时间状语从句，指当第一个赶狗拉雪橇的人把药 品交给下一个赶狗拉雪橇的人的时候，他的脸由于极度的寒冷被冻得发黑。 12．A.enter B．move C．visit D．cross [解析] 根据下文中“a frozen body of water”可知应选 D 表示“穿过，穿越”，指 Seppala 必须要穿过一片结了冰的水域。 13．A.shameful B．boring C．dangerous D．foolish [解析] 下文的“Norton Sound was covered with ice...of Nome”描述了这片水域的 危险，因此选 C 表示“危险的”。 14．A.escape B．bleed C．swim D．die [解析] 此处表示如果他掉进了下面的冰水里，他会死掉，镇上那些患病的孩子也会因 为没有药品而死去。结合语境判断选 D。 15．A.memory B．exit C．way D．destination [解析] 结合上文的“huge piles of snow blocked”和下文的“He had to leave...get 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 around them”可判断应选 C，表示大堆的雪把他的道路阻断了。 16．A.find B．fix C．pass D．change [解析] 根据上文的“leave the trail (雪橇痕迹) ”可知，这里选 A 表示“找到”， 指环境是如此糟糕以至于再次找到雪橇痕迹对他来说是不可能的。 17．A.pretending B．trying C．asking D．learning [解析] 根据语境，这里用 try to do 表示“试图做某事”，指 Balto 试图嗅出其他的 狗的气味。 18．A.run B．leave C．bite D．play [解析] 根据下文的“He had found the trail”可知，此处指 Balto 找到了雪橇痕迹， 于是开始奔跑。故选 A。 19．A.gathered B．stayed C．camped D．arrived [解析] 根据上下文可知，这里说的是 Kaasen 和他的狗到达了 Nome，因此选 D，表示“到 达”。 20．A.controlled B．saved C．founded D．developed [解析] 根据倒数第二段的内容可知，最终药品被安全送到了 Nome，疾病也得到了控制， 孩子们恢复了健康，故此处指这个小镇得救了。因此选 B，表示“挽救”。 Ⅱ.阅读理解 导学号 58082135 Keeping a busy social life among lots of friends may keep people thinner than spending hours doing some exercises, according to scientists. They say that socializing and meeting with friends help increase levels of brown fat in the body which burns calories to produce heat. Living in an exciting social environment was found to reduce fat in mice's belly by half over four weeks, even if they ate more. US researchers say that social excitement aids weight loss by turning white fat into brown. White fat stores calories and makes us fatter, while brown burns energy to produce heat. Turning white fat into brown is extremely difficult, normally requiring long－term stay in cold conditions or exciting part of the body's nervous system. However, scientists from Ohio State University now think that having a busy social life is an even more effective way of changing white fat into brown. The team came 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 up with their theory by studying the effects of various living environments on mice. Those, who lived alongside a greater number of mice, had more space and toys to excite themselves and then lost far more weight over the course of the study than their “couch potato” fellows. Study author, Dr Matthew During, whose team's findings appear in the journal Cell Metabolism, said, “I'm still amazed at the degree of fat loss that occurs.” Explaining how new technology had threatened face－to－face socializing, he added, “It's not just a sedentary (久坐的) lifestyle and high calorie foods, but an increasing lack of social activities.” Co－author Dr Lei Cao said, “Loneliness is a potential factor for cancer and death; it's equal to cigarette smoking to a certain extent. Social activities are very vital.” 文章大意：本文讲述了一项关于减肥的研究。以小老鼠的例子告诉人们应该积极参加社 交活动多锻炼，而不是总待着不动。 1．What information can we get from the first two paragraphs？__D__ A. Brown fat stores calories and makes us fatter. B. It doesn't take long to turn white fat into brown. C. Social excitement helps gain more weight. D. Brown fat can burn energy to produce heat. [解析] 细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句话 “US researchers say that social excitement aids weight loss by turning white fat into brown. White fat stores calories and makes us fatter, while brown burns energy to produce heat.”美国研究者认为， 社交兴奋感可以把 “白色脂肪”转化为“棕色脂肪”，从而有助于减肥。“白色脂肪”储存 卡路里，使人们长胖，而“棕色脂肪”能够燃烧能量，产生热量。故 D 正确。 2．Which of the following statement does the text support？__A__ A. Levels of brown fat can be increased by socializing. B. The mice lacking social life lose more weight. C. The research findings haven't been published so far. D. Dr Matthew During wasn't convinced of the result. [解析] 细节理解题。根据第二段第三、四句 “White fat stores calories and makes us fatter, while brown burns energy to produce heat. Turning white fat into brown is extremely difficult, normally requiring long－term stay in cold conditions or exciting part of the body's nervous system.”可知 A 正确。 3．We can conclude from the text that __C__ A．the fat in mice's belly was reduced because of the relaxing environment 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 B．a sedentary lifestyle and high calorie foods influence people's social life C．surfing the Internet may influence people's face－to－face communication D．cancer and death are mainly caused for lack of social life [解析] 推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句 “Explaining how new technology had threatened face－to－face socializing, he added，”It's not just a sedentary (久 坐的) lifestyle and high calorie foods, but an increasing lack of social activities.” 可知 C 正确。 4．What's the main idea of the text？ __D__ A. Brown fat is beneficial to people's health. B. Socializing is unnecessarily important in people's daily life. C. White fat can be changed into brown fat. D. Socializing contributes to people's losing weight. [解析] 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段得出，科学家研究发现，与锻炼几个小时相比， 跟朋友一起参加社交活动更有利于保持苗条身材。研究人员表示，社交活动和朋友聚会能帮 助提高体内 “棕色脂肪”的含量，这种脂肪可以燃烧卡路里，产生热量，所以有助于减肥。 选 D。 Ⅲ.七选五 导学号 58082136 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。 (2016·全国Ⅱ七选五) Everyone knows that fish is good for health. __1.G__ But it seems that many people don't cook fish at home.Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home.Buying, storing, and cooking fish isn't difficult. __2.D__ This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way. __3.F__ Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that you're standing at the ocean's edge.Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isn't fresh. __4.A__ When you have bought a fish and arrive home, you'd better store the fish in the refrigerator if you don't cook it immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two.Frozen fish isn't as tasty as the fresh one. There are many common methods used to cook fish. __5.B__ First, clean it and season it with your choice of spices (调料) ．Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound. (A larger one will take more time.) Then, it's ready to serve. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 A．Do not buy it. B．The easiest is to steam it. C．This is how you can do it. D．It just requires a little knowledge. E．The fish will go bad within hours. F．When buying fish, you should first smell it. G．The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease. 文章大意：本文向大家介绍了如何用简单的方法购买和烹制鱼。 [解析]__ 1.考查与首句语意的一致性。由第 1 空后的句意表示转折可知，转折前的句子 在语意上应该保持一致，即说明吃鱼对健康的益处。故选 G。 2．考查句子的承上启下作用。空前一句提到对鱼的选购、储存和烹制并不困难，空后一 句讲本文是关于如何以一种简单的方式购买和烹制鱼的，故选 D“这只需要一点点知识就能 做好”。 3．考查主题句。段落的细节始终围绕主题句展开，本段中第二、三句围绕如何通过嗅觉 来鉴别鱼是否新鲜，因此可以判断 F 项正确。 4．考查段落中句子间语意的连贯性和代词的正确使用。第 4 空前提到，浓烈的气味说明 鱼已不新鲜，故不能买这种鱼。据此可知 A 项正确。 5．考查段落中句子间语意的连贯性。本段的主题为如何烹制鱼，下文讲到了烹制鱼的步 骤：首先，洗净鱼；其次，添加调料；最后，将装有鱼的盘子放人蒸锅中，蒸 8 至 10 分钟即 可食用 (以重约为一磅的鱼为例) 。故选 B 项“最简单的方法是蒸”。 Ⅳ.语法填空 导学号 58082921 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1 个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。 Do you have sleeping problems? If so, then these tips may help you fall asleep fast. Set aside the thought __1.that__ you have to fall asleep. The more you think __2.of/about__ it，the harder you will fall asleep. The foods you eat also play __3.an__ important part. Avoid eating or drinking things like chocolates, coffee, tea and energy drinks. If you have to, then have them in the morning and never in the afternoon, __4.especially__ (especial) before going to bed. Don't eat too much at night. A full stomach will make it more difficult for you __5.to_fall__ (fall) asleep because your body is working more time to digest the food you ate. Make a __6.fixed__ (fix) time to go to bed. For example，by 9 o'clock in the evening you should already be in bed. Do this even if you're not sleepy yet. Once 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 8 __7.following__ (follow) this routine, you will gradually see that you feel __8.sleepy__ (sleep) when it's 9 o'clock. Make your room comfortable for sleeping. You should also take note that the sleeping environment also affects your sleep. It must be in the room __9.where__ it's not noisy. Otherwise, you will find __10.it__ difficult to fall asleep again after waking up. 文章大意：文章介绍了几种有助于快速进入睡眠的方法。 [解析] 1.考查同位语从句。设空处引导同位语从句，对 thought 进行解释说明，从句 中不缺少成分，故用 that 引导。 2．考查动词短语。think of/about 意为“考虑”，符合语境。 3．考查冠词。play an important part 意为“起重要作用，扮演重要角色”。 4．考查副词。由语境和句子结构可知应填副词 especially。 5．考查非谓语动词。make it＋difficult，easy etc.＋for sb.＋to do sth.中 it 为 形式宾语，真正的宾语为后面的不定式短语。 6．考查形容词。设空处作定语修饰 time，fixed 意为“固定的，不变的”，符合语境。 7．考查现在分词。句意：一旦你开始这样做的话，就会逐渐发现自己在 9 点的时候就觉 得困了。根据语境可知应用 following。 8．考查形容词。feel 为系动词，后接形容词。sleepy“困的”。 9．考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词 the room，从句中缺少地点状语， 故填关系副词 where。 10．考查代词 it。find it difficult to do sth.，其中 it 为形式宾语，真正的宾语 为后面的不定式短语。