2021届高三英语北师大版一轮总复习教师用书：Unit 23　Conflict 32页

www.ks5u.com Unit 23　Conflict ‎1．barrier n．屏障；障碍　2.friction n．摩擦 ‎3．prejudice n．偏见，成见 4.tension n．紧张局势 ‎5．cautious adj.谨慎的；慎重的；小心的 ‎6．confidently adv.自信地 7.circumstance n．情形；情况 ‎8．advanced adj.先进的；高级的 ‎9．impolite adj.不礼貌的 10.lack v．缺乏，缺少 ‎11．opportunity n．机遇，机会 ‎12．absence n．缺乏；不存在 13.apology n．道歉，致歉 ‎14．anyhow adv.不管怎么说，无论如何 ‎15．modest adj. 谦虚的，谦逊的 16.interrupt v．打断 ‎17．typically adv.通常；一般；典型地 ‎18．disagreement n．争论；矛盾；意见不合 ‎19．mess n．混乱的局面 ‎20．violate v．违反；妨碍，侵犯→violation n．违反；妨碍，侵犯 ‎1．(be) nervous about 对……神经紧张/害怕/胆怯/焦虑不安 ‎2．(be) ashamed of 对……感到惭愧/羞耻 ‎3．from the bottom of one's heart 真心诚意地，发自内心地 ‎4．look away from 把目光从……移开 ‎5．in addition 除此之外，另外 ‎6．find out 了解(到)；找出(信息)‎ ‎7．put one's foot in one's mouth 犯使人难堪的错误；说错话 ‎8．cheer sb. up 使某人高兴/振作起来 ‎9．be aware of 知道/意识到……‎ ‎10．show off 炫耀 ‎1．Never in the field of human conflict was so much owed by so many to so few.‎ 在人类战争史上，从来也没有一次像这样，以如此少的兵力，取得如此大的胜利，保护如此多的众生。‎ ‎2．You should take everything into consideration before you make any decision.‎ 在你做任何决定之前，你必须考虑全面。‎ ‎3．I am ashamed of my rude words, which made you really hurt.‎ 我对我粗鲁的话语感到惭愧，这些话让你受到了伤害。‎ ‎1．Today's constant use of apologizing shows that we are perhaps not as thoughtful as we_once_were.‎ 今天的多次道歉意味着人们也许没有以前想得那么周到了。‎ ‎2．If we are in_the_habit_of raising doubts as to whether what we are ‎ told is true, we can find the correct answer and learn more.‎ 如果我们习惯于对我们被告知的事情是否是真的提出疑问，我们就能发现正确答案并学会更多。‎ ‎3．The important thing is to learn to control your temper so_that you may not do or say anything you'll regret.‎ 重要的事情是要学会控制自己的脾气，以便你不会说或者做令自己后悔的事情。‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎ 教材单词 写准并记牢 高考与教材 Ⅰ.重点单词 ‎1．betray vt. 出卖，背叛　　 　　　　2.compromise n. 妥协，让步 ‎3．expose vt. 使置身于危险中；暴露 4.classify vt. 把……分类 ‎5．justice n. 公正，公平 6.subscribe vi. 订阅(杂志或报纸)‎ ‎7．consume vt. 喝；消费，消耗 8.firework n. 烟花，烟火 ‎9．ending n. 结局，结尾 10.weep vt.‎& vi. 哭泣，流泪 ‎11．swear vi. 发誓 12.remark vt. 谈论；谈到 ‎13．stable adj. 稳固的 14.expense n. 费用，开支 ‎15．salute vt. 向……致敬 Ⅱ.拓展单词 ‎1.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)First, you need to evaluate yourself, your values, your strengths (strong), your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires, etc.‎ ‎2．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)But when Dennis Williams received a text that clearly wasn't intended (intend) for him, he did something special.‎ ‎3．(2018·浙江卷)Friedman points out that the green economy (经济) is a chance to keep American strength (strong)．‎ ‎4．(2018·北京卷)They take their driverless car to an appointment (appoint) and set the empty vehicle to circle the building to avoid paying for parking.‎ ‎5．(2018·江苏卷)She said ‎ ‎1．furnished adj. 配有家具的→furniture n. 家具 ‎2．appoint vt. 任命，委任→appointment n. 任命，委任；约会 ‎3．possession n. 私有物品→possess vt. 拥有；占 ‎4．shot n. 射击，开枪→shoot vt.‎& vi. 射击 ‎5．adolescent adj. 青春期的→adolescence n. 青少年 n. 青春期 ‎6．depart vi. 启程，出发→departure n. 离开，离去 ‎7．theory n. 理论→theoretical adj. 理论的 ‎8．represent vt. 代表→representative n. 代表；adj. 典型的，有代表性的 ‎9．greet vt. 问候；致意→greeting n. 问候；致意 ‎10．distribute vt. 分发，分配→distribution n. 分布；分配 ‎11．import vt. 进口→export (反义词) vt. 出口 ‎12．strong adj. 强壮的→strength n. 体力；力气→strengthen vt. (使)变强，加强 ‎13．intend vt. 想要，打算→intention n. 目的；意图 social (society) companies must also take more responsibility.‎ ‎6．(2018·北京卷)All of this makes the actions of the homeless Tom Smith even more remarkable (remark).‎ ‎14．fit adj. 健壮的；适宜的→fitness n. 健康；适合→unfit adj. 不健壮的；不适宜的 ‎15．social adj. 社会的→society n. 社会→socialist n. 社会主义者→socialism n. 社会主义 Ⅲ.阅读单词 ‎1．friction n．不和，冲突 ‎2.prejudice n．偏见 ‎3．memorial n. 纪念碑 4.bachelor n. 未婚男子，单身汉 ‎5．alcoholic n. 酗酒者，酒鬼 6.allowance n. 零用钱；津贴 ‎7．security n. 安全 8.nutrition n. 营养 ‎9．acquaintance n. 相识的人 10.fortnight n. 两星期 ‎11．statesman n. 政治家 12.criticise vt. 批评 ‎13．sculpture n. 雕刻 14.dam n. 坝 ‎15．sponsor vt. 赞助 ‎ 教材短语 写准并记牢 高考与教材 ‎1.stand_up_for 保护，维护；保卫；支持 ‎2．put_forward 提议，提出 ‎3．send_for 派人去请/叫 ‎1.(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)We were first greeted with the barking by a pack of dogs, seven to be exact.‎ ‎2．(2018·北京卷)To confirm ‎ ‎4．be_exposed_to 处于可能受伤害的境地 ‎5．hand_over 把……交给 ‎6．call_in 请(某人)‎ ‎7．have_a_gift_for 有……的天赋 ‎8．hold_out (在困境中)坚持 ‎9．call_on 要求……介入；呼吁；拜访 ‎10．look_down_on 看不起……‎ ‎11．keep_one's_word 遵守诺言 ‎12．look_into 调查 ‎13．sort_out 解决(问题或困难)；分类 ‎14．come_about 发生 ‎15．in_peace 和平地 ‎16．be greeted with... 用……欢迎 ‎17．be_responsible_for 对……负责 ‎18．give_in 屈服；让步 that the worms' chewing alone was not responsible for the polyethylene breakdown, the researchers made some worms into paste and applied it to plastic films.‎ ‎3．(2018·天津卷)At first Robert wouldn't let his daughter go diving, but eventually he gave in as she was so confident about her skills.‎ ‎ 教材句式 写准并记牢 高考与教材 ‎1.与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，从句用had done，主句用would/should/could have done ‎1.(2019·天津卷)No_sooner_had_she_left_my_doorstep (她刚离开我家门口) than I Had_they_known their neighbour was a drummer, they wouldn't have moved into the building.‎ 如果他们知道他们的邻居是个鼓手的话，他们就不会搬进这座楼里了。‎ ‎2．neither置于句首用部分倒装 Neither_could_they relax or read a book without plugging their ears.‎ 如果不塞住他们的耳朵，他们既不能放松，也不能读书。‎ ‎3．no sooner...than...表示“一……就……”‎ No_sooner had they moved in than the noise began and rarely did they get a full night's sleep.‎ 他们刚搬过去，噪音就开始了，几乎没有睡过一个囫囵觉。‎ ‎4．强调句型：It＋is/was＋强调的部分＋that＋句子 ‎...but_it_is the fact that people have classified his music as “noise” that upsets him most.‎ ‎……但是，人们把他的音乐归类为“噪音”的事实使他最心烦。‎ ‎5．not only..., but also... “不但……而且……”‎ Smith lives above the McKays ‎ ‎ had emails from two women whose kids go to my son's nursery and who recognized my face.‎ ‎2．(2019·北京卷)Not_only (不仅) will you help our young volunteers to develop personally, you'll also learn new skills and increase your cultural awareness.‎ ‎3．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)The event celebrates its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening, making_it_one_of_the_most_popular_events_in_gardening (这使它成了园艺方面最受欢迎的活动之一)．‎ ‎4．(2018·天津卷)It_was_only_when_the_car_pulled_up (直到汽车停下) in front of our house that we saw Lily in the passenger seat.‎ ‎5．(2017·北京卷)If the new safety system had been put to use, the_accident_would_never_have_happened (事故就不会发生了)．‎ ‎6．(2017·天津卷)Suppose you're in a rush, feeling_tired (感觉疲惫), not paying attention to your screen, and you send an email that could get you in trouble.‎ ‎7．(2017·江苏卷)He hurried ‎ and it appears that not_only_is_he a keen gardener, he is also a fish collector.‎ 史密斯住在麦凯一家人的楼上，看起来他不仅热衷于园艺，还是个鱼类收藏家。‎ ‎6．time构成的名词词组用作连词引导时间状语从句 The_first_time she asks her brother to change channels she is patient.‎ 她第一次要她哥哥换频道，她是耐心的。‎ ‎7．the more..., the more... 越……就越……‎ In fact, the_more I use the bike, the_more weight I seem to put on, despite following the instruction manual carefully.‎ 事实上，尽管我按照说明书认真去做，但是我骑车的次数越多，体重似乎增加的就越多。‎ ‎8．分词短语作状语 Anyway, having_walked_all_the_way_to_the_top,_we were tired and stopped for a breath.‎ 无论如何，一路走到悬崖顶上，所以累极了，停下来喘口气。‎ home, never_looking_back_to_see_if_he_was_being_followed (再也没回头看看是否被跟踪).‎ ‎1．表“计划、打算”的动词一览 ‎①intend 打算；想要 ‎②wish 想要某事物；希望；打算 ‎③plan 计划，打算 ‎④mean 意欲，打算 ‎⑤want 要，想要 ‎2．“经济活动”相关动词小结 ‎①distribute 分发；分配 ‎②export 出口；输出 ‎③invest 投资 ‎④import 进口；输入 ‎⑤advertise 做广告 ‎⑥promote 促销 ‎3．由expense想到的 ‎①expensive adj. 昂贵的 ‎②cheap adj. 便宜的 ‎③price n. 价格 ‎④cost n. 成本；费用 vt. 花费 ‎⑤pay vt. 付钱，支付 ‎⑥charge n. 费用，价钱 vt. 收费；开价 ‎⑦cash n. 现金，现款 vt. 兑现，付款 ‎⑧cheque n. 支票 ‎4．后缀en加在形容词之后构成动词 ‎①shorten 缩短 ‎②weaken 变弱 ‎③strengthen 加强 ‎④lengthen 加长 ‎⑤widen 拓宽 ‎⑥sharpen 锋利 ‎⑦quicken 加快 ‎⑧broaden 变宽 ‎5．前缀un加在形容词之前，表否定 ‎①uncertain 不确定的 ‎②uncommon 不常有的 ‎③unconscious 失去知觉的 ‎④unfriendly 不友好的 ‎⑤unaware 不知道的 ‎⑥unfortunate 不幸的 ‎⑦unfair 不公平的 ‎⑧unlikely 不可能的 ‎⑨unknown 未知的 ‎⑩unmarried 未婚的 ‎6．“提出，提议”短语全扫描 ‎①put forward 提出；提议 ‎②bring up 提出；养育 ‎③bring forward 提出；提前 ‎④come up with 提出；想出 ‎7．in＋n.短语大全 ‎①in peace 和平地 ‎②in surprise 吃惊地 ‎③in trouble 陷入麻烦 ‎④in vain 白费力气 ‎⑤in place 在适当的位置 ‎⑥in turn 轮流 ‎⑦in return 作为回报 ‎⑧in power 当权 ‎⑨in conclusion 总之 ‎⑩in summary 概括 ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ 高频词汇精讲 ‎1．betray vt.泄露(秘密)；出卖，背叛 There are people who are prepared to betray their country for money.‎ 有些人准备为钱财背叛祖国。‎ betray a secret to sb. 向某人泄露秘密 betray one's trust 辜负某人的信任 betray oneself 暴露本来面目，原形毕露 完成句子 ‎①He had a good disguise, but as soon as he spoke he betrayed_himself.‎ 他伪装得很好，可是一开口说话就原形毕露了。‎ ‎②A man should on no account betray_his_country.‎ 一个人无论如何都不应背叛他的祖国。‎ ‎③When I tell someone I will not betray_his_trust,_I will keep my word.‎ 如果我告诉某人我不会辜负他的信任，我就会恪守诺言。‎ ‎2．hand over 移交，交出 Friction between the familyrun business and the military government first became serious when the owner wouldn't hand over his “secret recipe”．‎ 当秘方拥有者不肯交出他的“秘方”时，家族企业与军事政府之间的分歧首次变得严重起来。‎ hand back 交还　hand down 传下来，传给 hand in 交上去(给老师或上级) hand out 分发，散发 介、副词填空 ‎①I wouldn't dare hand this project over to anyone else.‎ ‎②Steve hurried through the test, and he was the first to hand_in his paper.‎ ‎③The teacher handed out books at the beginning of the lesson.‎ ‎④Many old legends are handed_down from generation to generation by mouth.‎ ‎3．compromise n．妥协；和解；折中(方案) v．妥协；让步；违背，放弃(原则)‎ Most important of all, it is always wise to make decisions by compromise and agreement.‎ 最重要的是，通过相互妥协和协商来做决定总是明智的。‎ ‎(1)reach/come to/arrive at a compromise (between/on sth.)和解，达成妥协 make a compromise with 与……妥协 by compromise 折中 ‎(2)compromise one's principles/beliefs 违背原则/放弃信仰 compromise with sb.与某人和解 compromise on sth.以折中方法解决争论、争端等 完成句子 ‎①After some discussion, America and Russia arrived_at/reached/came_to a compromise on the Syria nuclear issue.‎ 经过一番讨论之后，美俄在叙利亚核问题上达成和解。‎ ‎②He chose not to compromise_with the terrorists until recently.‎ 到目前为止，他选择暂时不向恐怖分子妥协。‎ ‎4．expose vt.暴露；揭露；显露 Yang Ming's neighbours say they were being driven mad being exposed to such noise.‎ 杨明的邻居说他们都快被这噪音逼疯了。‎ ‎(1)expose...to... 使……暴露于/面临/遭受……‎ ‎(be) exposed to... 暴露于……；处于可能受到伤害的境地 expose sth. to sb. 向某人揭发某事 expose sb. to sth. 使某人接触到某物；使某人面临/遭受某事 ‎(2)exposure n. 暴露；揭露 ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①This part of the west coast of Scotland is very exposed to Atlantic winds.‎ ‎②The colour fades after being_exposed (expose) to light for some time.‎ ‎(2)句式升级 Being exposed to the sunlight for too long will be harmful to your skin.‎ ‎①Exposing_yourself_to_the_sunlight_for_too_long will be harmful to your skin.(用动名词短语作主语改写)‎ ‎②If_exposed_to_the_sunlight_for_too_long,_you will get your skin harmed.(用if省略句改写)‎ ‎5．classify vt. 把……分类 But it is the fact that people have classified his music as “noise” that upsets him most.‎ 但就是人们把他的音乐划归为噪音的事实使他感到最不高兴。‎ classify sb./sth.将某人/某物归类 be classified into... 划分成；被分成 be classified by... 按照……分类 be classified as 被划分为 ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①The novel written by him is classified as a science fiction.‎ ‎②The children were classified into different groups according to how much they know.‎ ‎③If we classify these users by projects, then it will be easier to find any of them.‎ ‎④In the study families are_classified (classify) according to their income.‎ ‎(2)完成句子 ‎①The books in the library are_classified_by/according_to subjects.‎ 图书馆的书是按学科分类的。‎ ‎②It is necessary to classify_the_headaches_into certain types.‎ 有必要将头痛分为几个类型。‎ ‎6．put forward 提出；推荐；将……提前；把钟表拨快 My father put forward a practical plan for the holiday.‎ 父亲为假日提出了一个切实可行的计划。‎ put aside 不考虑；留出(一段时间)；储蓄；储存 put away 将……收回(放好)；存(钱)‎ put back 放回；拨回 put down 记下；镇压 put off 延期，推迟 put up 张贴；建造；让某人留宿 用put短语的适当形式填空 ‎①I think he is fit for the position; therefore, I'll put him forward as a candidate. ‎ ‎②As a result of the heavy rain, the flight was put_off.‎ ‎③The bus company will put_up notices to inform passengers of the change in bus service.‎ ‎④Mary is really good at taking notes in class. She can put_down almost every word her teacher says.‎ ‎7．subscribe vi. 同意；捐款；订阅；预订 vt. 签署(文件)；捐助；赞成 The authorities no longer subscribe to the view that disabled people are unsuitable as teachers.‎ 当局不再支持残疾人不适宜做教师的观点。‎ ‎(1)subscribe to 订阅……；预订……；同意……‎ subscribe...to... 在……上签署……；向……捐……‎ ‎(2)subscribe one's name 签名 subscribe a will 在遗嘱上签字 ‎(3)subscriber n．(杂志等)订购者，订阅者；消费者，用户；捐助者 ‎(1)写出下列句中subscribe的含义 ‎①We subscribe to an animal protection society.捐款 ‎②He could not subscribe to their unfair plan.赞同 ‎③I subscribe to a number of journals concerned with my subject.订购 ‎④He refused to subscribe his name to the paper.签署 ‎(2)完成句子 ‎①I was unwilling to subscribe_the_contract,_but it seemed that I had no choice.‎ 我不愿在合同上签字，但又似乎别无选择。‎ ‎②Don't go and ask for her idea about our plan. Never will she subscribe_to it for the trip.‎ 不要去问她对我们这个计划的想法。她不会同意这次旅行的。‎ ‎③The whole nation subscribed_a_lot_of_money_to the flooded areas.‎ 举国上下向遭受水灾的地区捐了很多钱。‎ ‎8．appoint vt.任命，委派；约定，指定；安排 They have appointed a new headmaster at my son's school. ‎ 我儿子读书的学校任命了一位新校长。‎ ‎(1)appoint sb. to be/as sth. 任命某人为……‎ sb. be appointed sth.某人被任命为……‎ appoint sb. to do sth.委派某人做某事 ‎(2)appointment n. 任命，委任；约会 make/have an appointment with sb.与某人有约会 keep/break an appointment 守/违约 ‎(3)appointed adj. 约定的，指定的 单句语法填空 ‎①My patient didn't turn up at the appointed (appoint) time, that is, she broke an appointment.‎ ‎②I have an appointment (appoint) with Dr Smith, but I need to change it.‎ ‎③It's reported that two experts have just been appointed to_look (look) into food safety.‎ ‎④Recently, Sam has_been_appointed (appoint) manager of the engineering department to take the place of George.‎ ‎9．possession n. 占有，拥有，所有；所有物，财产，财富(pl.)‎ You are always going off with my possessions and not giving them back.‎ 你总是拿我的东西却不归还。‎ ‎(1)take/have possession of 占有，拥有 sb. be in possession of sth.‎ ‎＝sth. be in the possession of sb.‎ ‎＝sth. be in one's possession 某物为某人所有 ‎(2)possess vt. 具有；占有；控制 be possessed of 拥有，具有，占有 ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①Having been cheated by that company, he lost all his possessions (possess)．‎ ‎②Anyone found in possession of this drug will be punished immediately.‎ ‎③Although he doesn't possess much money, he is possessed of good health.‎ ‎(2)完成句子 Only when you are in_possession_of the required qualities can you have adequate chances to apply for the jobs you want.‎ 只有当你拥有了所要求的素质时，你才能有足够的机会申请你想要的工作。‎ ‎10．contradict vt. & vi.反驳；驳斥 vt. 与……相抵触，与……发生矛盾 The witnesses' statements contradict each other and the facts remain unclear.‎ 目击者的说法互相矛盾，真相依然未明。‎ ‎(1)contradict sb. 顶撞/反驳某人 contradict oneself 自相矛盾 ‎(2)contradiction n. 矛盾的说法(信念，观点)‎ a contradiction in terms 用词上的自相矛盾 in (direct) contradiction to 与……互相矛盾，不一致 ‎(3)contradictory adj. 相互矛盾的；对立的 完成句子 ‎①Their views on this problem are in_contradiction_to each other.‎ 他们对这个问题的看法互相矛盾。‎ ‎②All evening her husband contradicted_everything she said.‎ 整个晚上她说什么丈夫都反对。‎ ‎11．call on要求……介入；访问；号召；邀请 I now call on the chairman to address the meeting.‎ 现在请主席向大会致辞。‎ call at 参观、拜访某地 call for 要求；需要；去接某人；去拿某物 call up 打电话；使想起；使回忆起 call in 召集；请来，找来；要求退回、收回 call off 取消；停止进行 call back 再来；回电话 ‎(1)用call短语的适当形式填空 ‎①Your letter calls_up the days when we worked together on the ‎ docks.‎ ‎②The newspaper articles call_for severe punishment for this crime.‎ ‎③They calculated the cost and at last the proposal was called_off.‎ ‎④They decided to call_in a doctor, because the child was no better.‎ ‎(2)完成句子 He takes good pictures and always calls_on_people_to_do something for environmental protection.‎ 他拍照片，并且总是呼吁人们为环保做点什么。12.come about 发生 Can you tell me how the accident came about?‎ 你能告诉我事故是如何发生的吗？‎ ‎(1)It comes/came about that...……发生。‎ How does/did it come about that...? ……是怎样发生的？‎ When it comes to... 谈到/涉及……‎ ‎(2)come up with 找到，提出(答案，解决办法)‎ come across 碰上，偶然碰上；被理解；发现 come to oneself 苏醒，恢复知觉 come on 来吧，跟着来；赶快 come out 出来，出版；发(芽)，开花 come to 谈到，涉及；共计，达到 完成句子 ‎①I'll never understand how it came_about that you made such a mistake.‎ 我真不明白你居然犯了一个这样的错误。‎ ‎②I came_across this old picture in a book the other day; it called up my memories of those happy old days.‎ 那天我偶然在一本书中看到这张旧照片，它唤起了我对过去美好时光的回忆。‎ ‎③When_it_comes_to_making_friends,_you cannot be too careful.‎ 谈到交朋友，你再怎么小心也不为过。‎ ‎13．remark vt. & n．说起，谈到；言论，评论 One of their men, speaking in English, remarked that he had worked in England for some years and that he was fed up to the neck with this war and would be glad when it was over.‎ 他们中有个人会说英语，提到了他在英国工作过几年，他说他对这场战争早就烦透了，如果战争结束他会非常高兴。‎ ‎(1)remark that... 评论……；谈到/说到……‎ remark on/upon... 就……发表评论 ‎(2)make a remark on 就……发表意见，对……品头论足 ‎(3)remarkable adj.不平常的；值得注意的 be remarkable for 因为……而著名 ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①He remarked that he would be absent the next day.‎ ‎②On several occasions the teacher remarked on the boy's improvement.‎ ‎③Mount Wuyi is remarkable (remark) for its wide range of living things.‎ ‎④Ellen later regretted her remarks (remark) about his private affairs.‎ ‎(2)完成句子 对别人的相貌品头论足是不礼貌的，特别是背后议论。‎ It's rude/not_polite to make_remarks_on/remark_on others' appearances, especially during their absence.‎ ‎14．distribute vt. 分发；分配 Bill distributed the beer among us and we consumed the lot.‎ 比尔把啤酒分给我们，我们喝了很多。‎ ‎(1)distribute...over... 把……分配到……‎ distribute sth. to/among...(＝divide...among...) 把某物分给……‎ ‎(2)distribution n. 分发；分配；分布 单句语法填空 ‎①The government has distributed food, medicine and money to the earthquake victims in time.‎ ‎②The teacher was distributing the sweets among the children when a boy burst out crying.‎ ‎③Pines have a very wide distribution (distribute) in our country.‎ ‎15．intend vt.想要；打算 Unless I receive a positive reply within the next three weeks, I intend to take further action.‎ 如果在三周之内得不到肯定答复，我将采取进一步行动。‎ ‎(1)intend sb. to do sth.打算让某人做某事 intend to do/doing sth.打算做某事 had intended to do sth.＝intended to have done sth.本打算做某事 ‎(2)intended adj. 打算的；计划的 be intended for 专供……使用；专为……设计 ‎(3)intention n. 意图，打算，计划 have no intention of doing sth.不打算做某事；无意做某事 with the intention of 为了，以……为目的或意图 ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①I had intended to_go (go) to your party yesterday but an unexpected guest visited me.‎ ‎②This program was set up with an intention (intend) of providing help to homeless people.‎ ‎③The school being built at present is said to be intended for the disabled children.‎ ‎④He had_intended (intend) to tell her the news, but was prevented by his mother.‎ ‎(2)句型转换 They had intended to go into the country for the day, but were put off by reports of traffic jams.‎ ‎→They intended_to_have_gone_into_the_country_for_the_day,_but were put off by reports of traffic jams.‎ ‎16．expense n. 费用，开支 The orchestra has more discipline now, but at the expense of spirit.‎ 那个管弦乐团现在更有纪律性了，却丧失了灵魂。‎ ‎(1)cover the expense of 足以支付……的费用 at the expense of 以……为代价 at one's own expense 自费 all expenses paid 免费的；有人付费的 ‎(2)expensive adj.昂贵的；高价的 词义辨析：‎ charge 指提供服务时索取的费用，也指货物的价格、价钱 price 指商品在市场出售的价格，尤指卖方对商品所提出的单价。比喻意义指付出的代价 fee 指上学、求医以及找律师等付的费用，还可指会费、借书费等。是可数名词 ‎(续表)‎ fare 侧重指旅行时所付的车、船等费用 cost 指生产某东西的成本，也泛指商品的价格，可与price 换用。用作可数或不可数名词均可 expense 常指实际支付的费用总数额，有时也指钱的花费。常用复数 ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①I worked as a salesgirl in my spare time in order to pay the travelling expenses (expense)．‎ ‎②If you are not totally satisfied, return it at our expense and your money will be given back to you.‎ ‎(2)完成句子 He built up a successful business but it was all done at_the_expense_of_his_health.‎ 他创建的企业很成功，但这一切却以他的健康为代价。‎ ‎17．look into 调查；审查，了解；朝……里面看 And we will look into the subject of compensating you for your injury.‎ 我们将调查对你的伤害的赔偿问题。‎ look about/around 四下里看，环顾；仔细观察；全面调查 look down upon/on 看下面，俯视；蔑视，看不起 look forward to 盼望，期待 look out for 当心，提防 look through 浏览；翻阅；仔细检查 look up and down 仔细打量(某人)；到处寻找 look up(在……中)查找 look up to 尊敬 look back on 回顾 完成句子 ‎①He is looking_forward_to receiving my letter.‎ 他正盼望收到我的来信。‎ ‎②Don't look_down_upon/on the people who are inferior to you.‎ 不要瞧不起职位比你低的人。‎ ‎③I like to look_back_on my high school days, which were the happiest in my life.‎ 我喜欢回顾我的中学时代，那是我生命中最快乐的时光。‎ ‎④It is reported that the police will soon look_into the case of two missing children.‎ 据报道，警察将要调查这两名失踪儿童的案件。‎ 重点词汇点拨 ‎1．give in 屈服，让步 give in to sb. 对某人让步　 　give off 散发，发出 give out 分发；耗尽；放出 give up 放弃 give away 泄露；赠送 ‎①As neither management nor labour would give in,_the union organized a strike.‎ ‎②In an unguarded moment, he gave away most important secrets.‎ ‎③I would sooner give up sleep than miss my evening class.‎ ‎2．send for 派人去叫……；(去信或打电话)索要……‎ ‎①He was badly injured, so his wife sent for a doctor.‎ ‎②The happy scene sent me thinking (think) of my childhood.‎ ‎3．hold out (在困境中)坚持，伸出，维持 hold on 不挂断(电话)；稍等；坚持 hold on to 紧紧抓住 hold up 举起；耽搁 hold back 阻碍；阻止 ‎①The rescue team hoped the men on the boat could hold out/on till they arrived.‎ ‎②His right arm was extended up beside his head, still holding on to a coffee cup.‎ ‎③Believe it or not, I was held up on the way and so I was late.‎ ‎④I was close to tears with frustration, but I managed to hold back.‎ ‎4．acquaintance n. 相识的人；对某事物的了解 (1)make one's acquaintance＝make the acquaintance of sb.结识某人 have an/some acquaintance with sth.对某事有(一些)了解 have a nodding/passing acquaintance with sb./sth.与某人有点头之交；对……知之甚少 (2)acquaint vt. 使熟悉；使认识 acquaint oneself with sth.使自己熟悉/了解 be acquainted with 了解……；认识……‎ ‎①I made_the_acquaintance_of several musicians around that time.‎ 大约在那段时间，我结识了几位音乐家。‎ ‎②I and an_acquaintance were walking behind an English pub once.‎ 我曾和一个熟人在一个英式小酒吧的后面散步。‎ ‎5．strengthen vt. (使)变强；加强 ‎(1)strengthen the awareness of... 强化……意识 strengthen environmental protection 加强环境保护 ‎(2)strong adj. 强的，坚强的 ‎(3)strength n. 力气；优点，长处 strengths and weaknesses 长处和短处 ‎①The publication of Great Expectations, which both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened (strength) Dickens' status as a leading novelist.‎ ‎②Dreaming about whether you would want to read minds, see through walls, or have superhuman strength (strong) may sound silly.‎ ‎③Most of us know that two of our greatest strengths (strong) are diversity and community.‎ 典型句式精析 ‎1．Had they known their neighbour was a drummer, they wouldn't have moved into the building.‎ 要是知道他们的邻居是个鼓手，他们就不会搬进来了。‎ Had they...a drummer 为一种倒装省略形式，补全应为If they had known...，即省去了if，且把had 提前，本句是对过去情况的一种假设，用虚拟语气。‎ 含有should, were, had 的虚拟条件句，常可以省略if，将should, were, had 提前。若条件从句为否定句，否定词not ‎ 应置于主语之后，而不能与were, should, had 等缩略成weren't, shouldn't, hadn't 而置于句首。‎ 完成句子 ‎①Had I known the truth, I wouldn't have scolded him.‎ 我要是知道真相，就不会责备他了。‎ ‎②Were I you, I would accept the job.‎ 我要是你，我就接受这份工作。‎ ‎2．Neither could they relax or read a book without plugging their ears.‎ 如果不塞住他们的耳朵，他们既不能放松，也不能读书。‎ neither是否定副词，当它置于句首时，句子要部分倒装，即把be动词、情态动词或助动词提到主语之前。‎ 否定词前置引起的倒装。‎ 否定副词 not, never, neither, nor, rarely, hardly, little，seldom 等置于句首。‎ 一些具有否定意义的介词短语 in no way, by no means, no sooner, at no time, on no account, in/under no circumstances, in no case, on no condition 等置于句首。‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Never has there been so much protest against the nuclear bomb.‎ ‎②Little does he realize how important this meeting is.‎ ‎③Seldom have I read a story so touching as this one.‎ ‎3．No sooner had they moved in than the noise began and rarely did they get a full night's sleep.‎ 他们一搬进来，噪音就开始了，他们几乎没有睡过一个囫囵觉。‎ 本句中“no sooner...than...”意义为“一……就……”，前面的分句动词时态为过去完成时，后面的分句动词时态为一般过去时，如果no sooner 置于句首，则该分句要用部分倒装。‎ 类似的句式还有hardly...when..., scarcely...when..., hardly...before...，都表示“一……就……”。‎ 在上述句型中主句常用过去完成时，从句常用一般过去时。‎ ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①No sooner had the scientist stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.‎ ‎②Scarcely had she entered the room when there was a knock on the door.‎ ‎③Hardly had he begun to speak when his father stopped him.‎ ‎(2)句型转换 He had hardly/scarcely finished his speech when the students started cheering.‎ ‎→Hardly/Scarcely had_he_finished_his_speech_when the students started cheering.‎ ‎4．In fact, the more I use the bike, the more weight I seem to put on, despite following the instruction manual carefully.‎ 事实上，虽然我按照说明认真去做，但是我骑车的次数越多，体重增加的就越多。‎ the more..., the more...意为“越……，就越……”，主、从句的两个谓语是同时进行的，表示一方随另一方程度的变化而变化。“the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..”句型：‎ ‎(1)意为“越……，就越……”，表示主、从句的两个谓语是同时进行的，表示一方随另一方程度的变化而变化。‎ ‎(2)从结构上看，第一个“the＋比较级”是表示条件的状语从句；在表示将来意义的情况下，从句用一般现在时表示将来；第二个“the＋比较级”是主句，用一般将来时。‎ ‎(3)本结构中常用省略结构。‎ 完成句子 ‎①The_more he thought like this, the_less happy he became.‎ 他越是这样想，就越是不开心。‎ ‎②The_more fat you take in before bedtime, the_greater burden you will put on your body at night.‎ 睡觉前你摄入脂肪越多，晚上给自己的负担就越大。‎ ‎③The_more_careful_you_are,_the fewer mistakes you will make.‎ 你越细心，你犯的错误就会越少。‎ ‎④More_and_more cars are running in the streets today, in which case more_and_more waste gas will be sent into the air.‎ 今天越来越多的汽车在街上跑，在这种情况下将会有越来越多的废气排放到空气中。‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp (尖锐的)．‎ ‎2．We Chinese should not make a compromise (折中) to any power.‎ ‎3．Private cars in our country, whether small or big, will consume (消耗) a lot of fuel every year.‎ ‎4．Rocks can be classified (分类) according to their mode of origin.‎ ‎5．Unequal distribution (分配) of wealth may cause division in society.‎ ‎6．He and I are not really friends, only nodding acquaintances (熟人)．‎ ‎7．She has made outspoken remarks (评论) about his behaviour in the game.‎ ‎8．This suggests that British attitudes towards accent have deep roots and are based on class prejudice (偏见)．‎ ‎9．They have been betraying (出卖) state secrets to Russia for years.‎ ‎10．The boys are arguing over the justice (公正) of the matter.‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎(一)单元知识点 ‎1．I was sorry for forgetting our appointment (appoint), because I was ‎ so busy.‎ ‎2．We invited 30 people, but only a handful (hand) of them came.‎ ‎3．In the move most of the furniture was left to the neighbors or distributed among friends.‎ ‎4．There seems to be a contradiction (contradict) between her word and action.‎ ‎5．We should strengthen (strong) the cooperation with other countries.‎ ‎6．Our country has made remarkable (remark) achievements over the last few years.‎ ‎7．The exposure (expose) of too much violence to the children has a bad effect on them.‎ ‎8．It's standard practice for a company like this one to employ a security (secure) officer.‎ ‎9．We need to make adjustments (adjust) to our original plan.‎ ‎10．In China, parents often have high expectations (expect) of their children.‎ ‎11．Hardly had I picked up the phone when I was told that the hotel had been booked up.‎ ‎12．The more you listen to English, the easier (easy) you'll feel in speaking English.‎ ‎13．Nowadays more and more people have come to realise the fact that we shouldn't develop economy at the expense of the environment.‎ ‎14．The other day she complained (complain) about the sweater she had bought in that store.‎ ‎15．He was the Queen's representative (represent) at the ceremony.‎ ‎(二)单元语法 ‎16．Of the outstanding ladies listed (list) below, who do you think was the most important of the past 100 years?‎ ‎17．Only after talking to two students did I discover that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.‎ ‎18．With much work done (do), I decided to take a good rest.‎ ‎19．Should all the water on the earth disappear one day, what would happen?‎ ‎20．The idea of rain making is almost as old as man, but it was not until 1946 that man succeeded in making rain.‎ Ⅲ.单句改错 ‎1．He likes reading newspapers, who has subscribed China Daily for years.subscribed后加to ‎2．Be careful when you deal with this chemical, as it will explode when exposing to sunlight.exposing改为exposed ‎3．Thanks for your kind consideration and I look forward to receive your earliest reply.receive改为receiving ‎4．Bob Geldof, who organized Live Aid, intending to raise money for the famine and it turned out to be a great success.intending改为intended ‎5．The boy ran so fast that he arrived at his school in flash.in后加a Ⅳ.选词填空 hold out， send for， call on， hand over， stand up for， call in， put forward， look down on， in the possession of， look into ‎1．The enemy will have to give in; they can't hold_out for long.‎ ‎2．I think all your friends will stand_up_for you.‎ ‎3．I wish you wouldn't look_down_on this kind of work.‎ ‎4．He answered all the questions put_forward by the lawyer.‎ ‎5．Since she is seriously ill, we have to send_for a doctor at once.‎ ‎6．The government has called_on the graduates to work in the west.‎ ‎7．The old man made a will to hand_over all his money to the girl.‎ ‎8．Two policemen have been called_in to help solve the problem.‎ ‎9．The ball was in_the_possession_of their opponents for most of the match.‎ ‎10．A working party has been set up to look_into the problem.‎ Ⅴ.完成句子 ‎1．How did it come_about_that you missed the important meeting?‎ 这么重要的会议你怎么没参加？‎ ‎2．I called_on the whole society to take action and put an end to the lowquality food.‎ 我呼吁全社会采取行动，消灭劣质食品。‎ ‎3．Not_only_do the nurses want a pay increase, but they want reduced hours as well.‎ 护士们不仅想涨工资，还想减少工作时间。‎ ‎4．The_longer the war lasts, the_more the people there will suffer.‎ 战争持续得越久，那里的人们受苦就越多。‎ ‎5．You are waiting at a wrong place. It_is_at_the_hotel_that the coach picks up tourists.‎ 你等错地方了。长途公共汽车是在旅馆接的游客。‎ ‎6．No_sooner_had he arrived in Beijing than he came to visit us.(no sooner...than)‎ 他一到北京就来看望我们。‎ ‎7．I_was_about_to_give_up_when_my_father_came and encouraged me to keep going. With more practice, I did better and better.‎ 我正要放弃，这时我父亲来鼓励我继续努力。随着练习的增多，我做得越来越好。‎ ‎8．He didn't attend the party, and neither_did his wife.‎ 他没参加聚会，他妻子也没参加。‎ Ⅵ.课文语法填空 Drummer hits the road Yang Ming, __1__ drummer and bachelor, held parties every night, __2__ has caused many complaints from his neighbours about loss of sleep. They say they were being driven mad being exposed to such noise. Since they __3__ (move) into the building, they have rarely got a full night's sleep. They even couldn't get relaxed or read without plugging their ears. Moreover, one neighbour also claims that Yang is an alcoholic and had a bad influence on his son. Finally, the local council took action. Yang Ming had to leave his furnished apartment. His departure has made his ‎ neighbours' life return __4__ normal.‎ Grandpa jailed after one shower too many Smith, a keen gardener and fish collector, lives above the McKays. __5__ (luck), the water he sent over his balcony every day dropped on the McKays', or too often, on the McKays __6__ (them). It was not so much the water falling onto their balcony __7__ the way he cleaned his fish tanks that bothered them. They were sitting there happily __8__ (read) their newspapers when so much water would come from above so that they got wet all over.‎ On Saturday evening, when it was James' __9__ (eighty) birthday, Smith emptied one larger tank and both the McKays and the cake were wet through. James, who is usually a peaceful person, couldn't tolerate it any more. He was up there in a flash and hit Smith on the head with his walking stick. As a result, James spent Saturday night in jail but he said it was definitely the most __10__ (excite) birthday ever.‎ ‎1．a　2.which　3.moved　4.to　5.Unluckily ‎6．themselves　7.but　8.reading　9.eightieth　10.exciting Ⅶ.话题写作 假定你是李华，学校广播站英语节目向全校学生征求英文稿件，请根据下面提示写一封英文投诉信：‎ ‎1．我收到你们上个月的话费单后发现有些计算错误，我觉得我被多收(overcharge)了两个国际长途费用。‎ ‎2．但当我打电话询问客服部门时，接电话的女孩态度非常粗鲁。一方面她总是打断我的话，另一方面她甚至说错误在我。‎ ‎3．我建议对这个女孩进行处罚，另外告诉她该如何对待客户。我希望她能正式向我道歉。‎ 注意：1.此投诉信应写给中国电信公司(China Telecom)服务经理。‎ ‎2．信的开头与结尾已给出。‎ ‎3．词数：100左右。‎ Dear sir.‎ I am writing to let you know the deplorable attitude of one of your ‎ staff members. I_received_my_telephone_bill_for_the_previous_month_‎ from_you_and_thought_there_were_some_errors_in_calculation;_I_had_been_overcharged_for_two_overseas_calls.‎ However,_when_I_called_your_complaints_department,_the_girl_who_answered_my_phone_was_very_rude._For_one_thing_she_interrupted_me_continually,_for_another_she_even_said_that_it_was_my_own_fault._Needless_to_say,_such_a_way_of_dealing_with_customers_is_unacceptable.‎ I_would_like_to_suggest_that_the_girl_in_question_should_be_disciplined,_and_instructed_on_the_proper_way_to_deal_with_clients._And_I_hope_she_can_make_a_formal_apology_to_me.‎ An early response will be appreciated.‎ Yours sincerely，‎ Li Hua 学习至此，请完成课时作业45～46‎